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![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{20,16}{22,4}=0,9mol\)
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
0,6 0,9 ( mol )
( \(Al_2O_3+HCl\) không giải phóng \(H_2\) )
\(\rightarrow m_{Al}=0,6.27=16,2g\)
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{16,2}{36,6}.100=44,26\%\\\%m_{Al_2O_3}=100\%-44,26\%=55,74\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Gọi x,y lần lượt là số mol của Al, Fe
nH2 = \(\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}\)=0,4 mol
Pt: 2Al + 3H2SO4 --> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
......x.................................0,5x...........1,5x
.....Fe + H2SO4 --> FeSO4 + H2
.......y..........................y............y
Ta có hệ pt:
{27x+56y=11
1,5x+y=0,4
⇔x=0,2, y=0,1
% mAl = \(\dfrac{0,2.27}{11}\).100%=49,1%
% mFe = \(\dfrac{0,1.56}{11}\).100%=50,9%
mAl2(SO4)3 = 0,5x . 342 = 0,5 . 0,2 . 342 = 34,2 (g)
mFeSO4 = 152y = 152 . 0,1 = 15,2 (g)
Gọi CTTQ: MxOy
Pt: MxOy + yH2 --to--> xM + yH2O
\(\dfrac{0,4}{y}\)<-------0,4
Ta có: 232,2=\(\dfrac{0,4}{y}\)(56x+16y)
⇔23,2=\(\dfrac{22,4x}{y}\)+6,4
⇔\(\dfrac{22,4x}{y}\)=16,8
⇔22,4x=16,8y
⇔x:y=3:4
Vậy CTHH của oxit: Fe3O4
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(1)n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15(mol)\\ Mg+2HCl\to MgCl_2+H_2\\ Fe+2HCl\to FeCl_2+H_2\)
Từ giả thiết và theo PT:
\(\begin{cases} 24n_{Mg}+56n_{Fe}=5,2\\ n_{Mg}+n_{Fe}=0,15 \end{cases}\\ \Rightarrow n_{Mg}=0,1(mol);n_{Fe}=0,05(mol)\)
\(\Rightarrow \begin{cases} \%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,1.24}{5,2}.100\%=46,15\%\\ \%m_{Fe}=100-46,15=53,85\% \end{cases}\\ 2)\Sigma n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=0,3(mol)\\ \Rightarrow V_{dd_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,3}{1}=0,3(l)=300(ml)\)
lười làm thì đừng làm
box hóa có luật không tham khảo rồi
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
1. Gọi mol của Mg và Al là x, y mol
=> 24x + 27y = 12,6 (1)
nH2 = 0,6 mol => x + 1,5y = 0,6 (2)
Từ (1) (2) => x = 0,3 ; y = 0,2
=> %Mg = 57,14%
=> %Al = 42,86%
nH2=13,44/22,4=0,6(mol)
Đặt: nMg=a(mol); nAl=b(mol) (a,b>0)
1) PTHH: Mg + H2SO4 -> MgSO4 + H2
a__________a________a_____a(mol)
2Al +3 H2SO4 -> Al2(SO4)3 + 3 H2
b___1,5b______0,5b____1,5b(mol)
Ta có hpt:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24a+27b=12,6\\a+1,5b=0,6\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,3\\b=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> mMg=0,3.24=7,2(g)
=>%mMg= (7,2/12,6).100=57,143%
=>%mAl=42,857%
2) mMgSO4=120.a=120.0,3=36(g)
mAl2(SO4)3=342.0,5b=342.0,5.0,2= 34,2(g)
mH2SO4= (0,3+0,2.1,5).98=58,8(g)
=>mddH2SO4=58,8: 14,7%=400(g)
=>mddsau= 12,6+400 - 2.0,6= 411,4(g)
=>C%ddAl2(SO4)3= (34,2/411,4).100=8,313%
C%ddMgSO4=(36/411,4).100=8,751%
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a,Fe + 2HCl → FeCl + H2 (1)
FeO + 2HCl → FeCl + H2O (2)
nH2 = 3,36/ 22,4 = 0,15 ( mol)
Theo (1) nH2 = nFe = 0,15 ( mol)
mFe = 0,15 x 56 = 8.4 (g)
m FeO = 12 - 8,4 = 3,6 (g)
a, \(n_{H_2}=\frac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(Fe+2HCl->FeCl_2+H_2\left(1\right)\)
\(FeO+2HCl->FeCl_2+H_2O\left(2\right)\)
theo (1) \(n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{Fe}=0,15.56=8,4\left(g\right)\)
=> \(m_{FeO}=12-8,4=3,6\left(g\right)\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
ta thấy : nFe =nH2 = 0,15
=> mFe =0,15 x 56 = 8,4g
%Fe=8,4/12 x 100 = 70%
=>%FeO = 100 - 70 = 30%
b) BTKLra mdd tìm mct of HCl
c) tìm mdd sau pứ -mH2 nha bạn
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Ta có: mCu = 1,86 (g)
PT: \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
Có: mAl + mFe = 6 - 1,86 = 4,14 (g)
Giả sử: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
⇒ 27x + 56y = 4,14 (1)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,024}{22,4}=0,135\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}+n_{Fe}=\dfrac{3}{2}x+y\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{3}{2}x+y=0,135\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,06\left(mol\right)\\y=0,045\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Cu}=\dfrac{1,86}{6}.100\%=31\%\\\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,06.27}{6}.100\%=27\%\\\%m_{Fe}=42\text{%}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
Chất rắn không tan sau phản ứng là Cu
=> m Cu = 1,86(gam)
Gọi n Al =a (mol) ; n Fe = b(mol) => 27a + 56b = 6 -1,86 = 4,14(1)
$2Al + 6HCl \to 2AlCl_3 + 3H_2$
$Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2$
n H2 = 1,5a + b = 3,024/22,4 = 0,135(2)
Từ (1)(2) suy ra a = 0,06 ; b = 0,045
Vậy :
%m Cu = 1,86/6 .100% = 31%
%m Al = 0,06.27/6 .100% = 27%
%m Fe = 100% -31% -27% = 42%
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a, Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Mg}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
2Al + 3H2SO4 ---> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
a---->1,5a--------------------------->1,5a
Mg + H2SO4 ---> MgSO4 + H2
b------>b----------------------->b
Hệ pt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27a+24b=6,3\\1,5a+b=0,3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\left(mol\right)\\b=0,15\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Al}=0,1.27=2,7\left(g\right)\\m_{Mg}=0,15.24=3,6\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ \rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{2,7}{6,3}=42,86\%\\\%m_{Mg}=100\%-42,86\%=57,14\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, \(n_{H_2SO_4}=0,1.1,5+0,15=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\rightarrow V_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,5}=0,6\left(l\right)=600\left(ml\right)\)
c, đề yêu cầu jv?
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Ta có: m1 = m2 = 11,05 (g)
Phần 1:
PT: \(2Zn+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2ZnO\)
\(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Al_2O_3\)
\(2Mg+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2MgO\)
Theo ĐLBT KL, có: mKL + mO2 = m oxit
⇒ mO2 = 18,25 - 11,05 = 7,2 (g)
\(\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=\dfrac{7,2}{32}=0,225\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Zn}+\dfrac{3}{4}n_{Al}+\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Mg}=0,225\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{Zn}+\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}+n_{Mg}=0,45\left(1\right)\)
Phần 2:
PT: \(Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\)
\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
\(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}+\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}+n_{Mg}\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow n_{H_2}=0,45\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,45.22,4=10,08\left(l\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}=0,45\left(mol\right)\)
Theo ĐLBT KL, có: mKL + mH2SO4 = m muối + mH2
⇒ m chất rắn khan = m muối = 11,05 + 0,45.98 - 0,45.2 = 54,25 (g)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
2Al +6HCl-> 2AlCl3+3H2
0,6--------------------------0,9
Al2O3+6HCl-> 2AlCl3+3H2O
n H2=0,9 mol
=>m Al=0,6.27=16,2g
=>%mAl=\(\dfrac{16,2}{36,6}100\)=44,26%
=>%m Al2O3=55,74%
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{20,16}{22,4}=0,9mol\)
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
0,6 0,9
\(m_{Al}=0,6\cdot27=16,2g\)
\(\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{16,2}{36,6}\cdot100\%=44,26\%\)
\(\%m_{Al_2O_3}=100\%-44,26\%=55,73\%\)