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![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
C32:
a, \(n_C=\dfrac{2,4}{12}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(C+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CO_2\)
Theo PT: \(n_{CO_2}=n_C=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{CO_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)
b, \(n_{NaOH}=0,3.1=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{n_{NaOH}}{n_{CO_2}}=1,5\) → Pư tạo NaHCO3 và Na2CO3
PT: \(CO_2+NaOH\rightarrow NaHCO_3\)
\(CO_2+2NaOH\rightarrow Na_2CO_3+H_2O\)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CO_2}=n_{NaHCO_3}+n_{Na_2CO_3}=0,2\\n_{NaOH}=n_{NaHCO_3}+2n_{Na_2CO_3}=0,3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{NaHCO_3}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{Na_2CO_3}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
⇒ mNaHCO3 = 0,1.84 = 8,4 (g)
mNa2CO3 = 0,1.106 = 10,6 (g)
c, \(C_{M_{NaHCO_3}}=C_{M_{Na_2CO_3}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,3}=\dfrac{1}{3}\left(M\right)\)
Lần sau bạn đăng tách câu hỏi ra nhé.
C31:
a, \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
\(ZnO+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2O\)
b, \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Zn}=n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{0,1.65}{14,6}.100\%\approx44,52\%\\\%m_{ZnO}\approx55,48\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
c, \(n_{ZnO}=\dfrac{14,6-0,1.65}{81}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{Zn}+2n_{ZnO}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,4.36,5}{10\%}=146\left(g\right)\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Mg + 2HCl → MgCl2 + H2 (1)
Al2O3 + 6HCl → 2AlCl3 + 3H2O (2)
nH2 = 2,8/22,4 = 0,125 mol
Theo tỉ lệ phản ứng (1) => nMg = nH2 = 0,125 mol
<=> mMg = 0,125 .24 = 3 gam và mAl2O3 = 8,1 - 3 =5,1 gam
%mMg = \(\dfrac{3}{8,1}\).100% = 37,03% => %mAl2O3 = 100 - 37,03 = 62,97%
b) nAl2O3 = \(\dfrac{5,1}{102}\)= 0,05 mol
=> nHCl pư = 2nMg + 6nAl2O3 = 0,55 mol
mHCl = 0,55.36,5 = 20,075 gam
=> mdung dịch HCl 18% = \(\dfrac{20,075}{18\%}\)= 111,53 gam
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4.48}{22.4}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
\(0.2.........0.4.........0.2......0.2\)
\(m_{Zn}=0.2\cdot65=13\left(g\right)\Rightarrow m_{ZnO}=14.6-13=1.6\left(g\right)\)
\(\%Zn=\dfrac{13}{14.6}\cdot100\%=89.04\%\)
\(\%ZnO=100\%-89.04\%=10.96\%\)
\(n_{ZnO}=\dfrac{1.6}{81}\approx0.02\left(mol\right)\)
\(ZnO+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2O\)
\(0.02........0.04........0.02........0.02\)
\(n_{HCl}=0.4+0.04=0.44\left(mol\right)\)
\(C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0.44}{0.8}=0.55\left(M\right)\)
Eeeee ngồi tính sang chấn thật nó ra số xấu lần mò hơn 20p chưa biết tính sai chỗ nào
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(a/\\3Al+2H_2SO_4 \to Al_2(SO_4)_3+3H_2\\ Zn+H_2SO_4 \to ZnSO_4+H_2\\ n_{H_2SO_4}=\frac{400.9.8\%}{98}=0,4(mol)\\ n_{Al}=a(mol)\\ n_{Zn}=b(mol) m_{hh}=27a+65b=11,9(1)\\ n_{H_2SO_4}=1,5a+b=0,4(mol)\\ (1)(2)\\ a=0,2; b=0,1\\ b/\\ \%m_{Al}=\frac{0,2.27}{11,9}.100=45,38\%\\ \%m_{Zn}=54,62\% \)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ a,PTHH:MgCO_3+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2O+CO_2\uparrow\\ MgO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2O\\ \Rightarrow n_{MgCO_3}=n_{CO_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{MgCO_3}=0,1\cdot84=8,4\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow\%_{MgCO_3}=\dfrac{8,4}{10,4}\cdot100\%\approx80,77\%\\ \Rightarrow\%_{MgO}=100\%-80,77\%=19,23\%\)
\(b,m_{MgO}=10,4-8,4=2\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow n_{MgO}=\dfrac{2}{40}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow\sum n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{MgCO_3}+n_{MgO}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow\sum m_{H_2SO_4}=0,15\cdot98=14,7\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow\sum m_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{14,7}{9,8\%}=150\left(g\right)\\ \sum n_{MgSO_4}=\sum n_{H_2SO_4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow\sum m_{MgSO_4}=0,15\cdot120=18\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{MgSO_4}=\dfrac{18}{10,4+150-0,1\cdot44}\approx11,54\%\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
PTHH: \(CaO+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+H_2O\) (1)
\(CaCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+H_2O+CO_2\uparrow\) (2)
a) Ta có: \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)=n_{CaCO_3}\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{CaCO_3}=0,2\cdot100=20\left(g\right)\) \(\Rightarrow\%m_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{20}{25,6}\cdot100\%=78,125\%\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{CaO}=21,875\%\)
b) Theo 2 PTHH: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HCl\left(2\right)}=2n_{CaCO_3}=0,4mol\\n_{HCl\left(1\right)}=2n_{CaO}=2\cdot\dfrac{25,6-20}{56}=0,2mol\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\Sigma n_{HCl}=0,6mol\) \(\Rightarrow C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,6\cdot36,5}{210\cdot1,05}\cdot100\%\approx9,93\%\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
PT: \(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\)
\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
a, Giả sử: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
⇒ 24x + 27y = 12,6 (1)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Mg}+\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}=x+\dfrac{3}{2}y\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow x+\dfrac{3}{2}y=0,6\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,3\left(mol\right)\\y=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{MG}=\dfrac{0,3.24}{12,6}.100\%\approx57,1\%\\\%m_{Al}\approx42,9\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}=0,6\left(mol\right)\\n_{MgSO_4}=n_{Mg}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Al}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2SO_4}=0,6.98=58,8\left(g\right)\Rightarrow m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{58,8}{14,7\%}=400\left(g\right)\)
Ta có: m dd sau pư = 12,6 + 400 - 0,6.2 = 411,4 (g)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{MgSO_4}=\dfrac{0,3.120}{411,4}.100\%\approx8,75\%\\C\%_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{0,1.342}{411,4}.100\%\approx8,31\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!