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a)
$Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2$
$FeO +2 HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2O$
b)
Theo PTHH :
$n_{Fe} = n_{H_2} = \dfrac{4,48}{22,4} = 0,2(mol)$
$\%m_{Fe} = \dfrac{0,2.56}{20}.100\% = 56\%$
$\%m_{FeO} = 100\% - 56\% = 44\%$
c) $n_{FeO} = \dfrac{11}{90}(mol)$
$n_{HCl} = 2n_{Fe} + 2n_{FeO} = \dfrac{29}{45}(mol)$
$m_{dd\ HCl} = \dfrac{ \dfrac{29}{45}.36,5}{7,3\%} = 322,22(gam)$
PTHH:
\(CaCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+H_2O+CO_2\uparrow\)
0,15 0,15
\(CaO+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+H_2O\)
Ta có: \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{CaCO_3}=0,15\cdot100=15\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{CaO}=20,6-15=5,6\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{15\cdot100}{20,6}\approx73\%\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{CaO}=100\%-73\%=27\%\)
PTHH: \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\uparrow\)
a_____3a______________\(\dfrac{3}{2}\)a (mol)
\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
b_____2b_____________b (mol)
Ta lập HPT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27a+24b=7,8\\\dfrac{3}{2}a+b=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,2\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,2\cdot27}{7,8}\cdot100\%\approx69,23\%\\\%m_{Mg}=30,77\%\\C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,2\cdot3+0,1\cdot2}{0,2}=4\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
a,\(m_{HCl}=120.36,5\%=43,8\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=\dfrac{43,8}{36,5}=1,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Al2O3 + 6HCl → 2AlCl3 + 3H2O
Mol: x 6x
PTHH: Fe2O3 + 6HCl → 2FeCl3 + 3H2O
Mol: y 6y
Ta có:\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}102x+160y=26,2\\6x+6y=1,2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\\y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\%m_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{0,1.102.100\%}{26,2}=38,93\%;\%m_{Fe_2O_3}=100\%-38,93\%=61,07\%\)
câu c tương tự câu a
a, PT: \(CaCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+CO_2+H_2O\)
\(MgCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+CO_2+H_2O\)
Ta có: 100nCaCO3 + 84nMgCO3 = 14,2 (1)
Theo PT: \(n_{CO_2}=n_{CaCO_3}+n_{MgCO_3}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CaCO_3}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{MgCO_3}=0,05\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{0,1.100}{14,2}.100\%\approx70,42\%\\\%m_{MgCO_3}\approx29,58\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{CO_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,6}=0,5\left(M\right)\)
PTHH :
\(CaCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+H_2O+CO_2\)
x 2x x x x
\(MgCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2O+CO_2\uparrow\)
y 2y y y y
Có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}100x+84y=14,2\\x+y=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow x=0,1;y=0,05\)
\(a,\%m_{CaCO_3}=0,1.100:14,2.100\%\approx72,423\%\)
\(\%m_{MgCO_3}=100\%-72,423\%\approx29,577\%\)
\(b,C_{M\left(HCl\right)}=\dfrac{0,2+0,1}{0,6}=0,5\left(M\right)\)
