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![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(n_Y=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3mol\)
\(2R+2HCl\rightarrow2RCl+H_2\)
0,6 0,6 0,6 0,3
Mà \(n_R=\dfrac{23,4}{M_R}=0,6\Rightarrow M_R=39\left(K\right)\)
\(m_{HCl}=0,6\cdot36,5=21,9\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{21,9}{25}\cdot100=87,6\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{H_2}=0,3\cdot2=0,6\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{KCl\left(lt\right)}=0,6\cdot74,5=44,7\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddsau}=23,4+87,6-0,6=110,4\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%=\dfrac{44,7}{110,4}\cdot100=40,5\%\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a) \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,688}{22,4}=0,12\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: R + 2HCl --> RCl2 + H2
0,12<-0,24<---------0,12
=> \(M_R=\dfrac{7,8}{0,12}=65\left(Zn\right)\)
=> Kim loại cần tìm là Kẽm
b) nNaOH = 0,08.2 = 0,16 (mol)
PTHH: NaOH + HCl --> NaCl + H2O
0,16--->0,16
=> nHCl = 0,16 + 0,24 = 0,4 (mol)
=> \(C_{M\left(ddHCl\right)}=\dfrac{0,4}{0,4}=1M\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(a,n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,576}{22,4}=0,115\left(mol\right)\\ Đặt:n_{Mg}=a\left(mol\right);n_{Al}=b\left(mol\right)\left(a,b>0\right)\\ Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\\ 2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}95a+133,5b=10,475\\a+1,5b=0,115\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,04\\b=0,05\end{matrix}\right.\\ \%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,04.24}{0,04.24+0,05.27}.100\approx41,558\%\Rightarrow\%m_{Al}\approx58,442\%\\ b,n_{HCl}=2.n_{H_2}=2.0,115=0,23\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow x=C\%_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,23.36,5}{100}.100=8,395\%\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a) Gọi kim loại cần tìm là R
\(n_R=\dfrac{7,56}{M_R}\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2R + 2nHCl --> 2RCln + nH2
\(\dfrac{7,56}{M_R}\)------------>\(\dfrac{7,56}{M_R}\)
=> \(M_{RCl_n}=M_R+35,5n=\dfrac{37,38}{\dfrac{7,56}{M_R}}\)
=> \(M_R=9n\left(g/mol\right)\)
Xét n = 1 => MR = 9(Loại)
Xét n = 2 => MR = 18 (Loại)
Xét n = 3 => MR = 27(g/mol) => R là Al (Nhôm)
b)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{7,56}{27}=0,28\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
0,28-->0,84--->0,28--->0,42
=> \(V_{H_2}=0,42.22,4=9,408\left(l\right)\)
\(m_{HCl}=0,84.36,5=30,66\left(g\right)\)
=> \(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{30,66.100}{12}=255,5\left(g\right)\)
c) mdd sau pư = 7,56 + 255,5 - 0,42.2 = 262,22 (g)
=> \(C\%_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{37,38}{262,22}.100\%=14,255\%\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a) Gọi số mol Zn, Fe là a, b (mol)
=> 65a + 56b = 8,56 (1)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,136}{22,4}=0,14\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Zn + 2HCl --> ZnCl2 + H2
a--->2a-------->a----->a
Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2
b----->2b------->b------>b
=> a + b = 0,14 (2)
(1)(2) => a = 0,08; b = 0,06
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{0,08.65}{8,56}.100\%=60,748\%\\\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,06.56}{8,56}.100\%=39,252\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b)
nKOH = 0,2.0,1 = 0,02 (mol)
PTHH: KOH + HCl --> KCl + H2O
0,02-->0,02
=> nHCl = 0,02 + 2a + 2b = 0,3 (mol)
=> \(C_{M\left(HCl\right)}=xM=\dfrac{0,3}{0,15}=2M\)
c) m = 0,08.136 + 0,06.127 = 18,5(g)
X thuộc nhóm IA => X là kim loại kiềm hóa trị I
\(\Rightarrow n_{X_2CO_3}=n_{CO_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow0,1\left(2X+60\right)=13,8\Rightarrow X=39\)
Vậy kim loại X là Kali