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\(a,MgCO_3\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)MgO+CO_2\\ Na_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH\\ CO_2+2NaOH\rightarrow Na_2CO_3+H_2O\\ n_{CO_2}=n_{MgO}=n_{MgCO_3}=\dfrac{84}{84}=1\left(mol\right);n_{NaOH}=2.n_{Na_2O}=2.\dfrac{4,65}{62}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ Vì:\dfrac{0,15}{2}>\dfrac{1}{1}\Rightarrow CO_2dư\\ n_{Na_2CO_3}=\dfrac{0,15}{2}=0,075\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{Na_2CO_3}=106.0,075=7,95\left(g\right)\\ m_{CO_2\left(dư\right)}=\left(1-\dfrac{0,15}{2}\right).44=40,7\left(g\right)\\ m_{MgO}=40.1=40\left(g\right)\\ b,n_{CO_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ Có:1< \dfrac{0,15}{0,1}=1,5< 2\\ \Rightarrow SP:n_{Na_2CO_3}=n_{NaHCO_3}=\dfrac{0,1}{2}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\ m_{muối}=0,05.\left(106+84\right)=9,5\left(g\right)\)
Gọi $n_{Na} = a(mol) ; n_{Ba} = b(mol) \Rightarrow 23a + 137b = 5,49(1)$
$2Na + 2H_2O \to 2NaOH + H_2$
$Ba + 2H_2O \to Ba(OH)_2 + H_2$
$n_{H_2} = 0,5a + b = \dfrac{1,344}{22,4} = 0,06(2)$
Từ (1)(2) suy ra a = 0,06 ; b = 0,03
$CO_2 + Ba(OH)_2 \to BaCO_3 + H_2O$
$n_{CO_2} = n_{Ba(OH)_2} = 0,03 \Rightarrow V = 0,03.22,4 = 0,672(lít)$
\(n_{BaO}=\dfrac{22.95}{153}=0.15\left(mol\right)\)
\(BaO+H_2O\rightarrow Ba\left(OH\right)_2\)
\(0.15.......................0.15\)
\(a.\) TH1 : Chỉ tạo ra BaCO3 . Ba(OH)2
\(n_{BaCO_3}=\dfrac{19.7}{197}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)
\(Ba\left(OH\right)_2+CO_2\rightarrow BaCO_3+H_2O\)
\(.............0.1......0.1\)
TH2 : Tạo ra 2 muối
\(Ba\left(OH\right)_2+CO_2\rightarrow BaCO_3+H_2O\)
\(Ba\left(OH\right)_2+2CO_2\rightarrow Ba\left(HCO_3\right)_2\)
\(\sum n_{CO_2}=0.1+\left(0.15-0.1\right)\cdot2=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\text{Khi đó : }\) \(2.24\le V_{CO_2}\le4.48\)
\(b.\)
\(CaCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+CO_2+H_2O\)
\(MgCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+CO_2+H_2O\)
\(n_{CO_2}=n_{MgCO_3}+n_{BaCO_3}=a\left(mol\right)\)
\(TC:\)
\(\dfrac{8.4}{100}< a< \dfrac{8.4}{8.4}=0.1\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{CO_2}:n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}< 0.1:0.15=0.67\)
=> Không thu được kết tủa.
a, \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
\(n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=0,15.56=8,4\left(g\right)\)
b, \(n_{Na_2O}=\dfrac{6,2}{62}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(Na_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH\)
\(n_{NaOH}=2n_{Na_2O}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow C_{M_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,5}=0,4\left(M\right)\)
\(a,n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
0,15 0,3 0,15 0,15
\(m_{Fe}=0,15.56=8,4\left(g\right)\)
\(a,n_{Na_2O}=\dfrac{6,2}{62}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH :
\(Na_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH\)
0,1 0,1 0,2
\(C_{M\left(A\right)}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,5}=0,4\left(M\right)\)
a) \(BaO+H_2O\rightarrow Ba\left(OH\right)_2\)
\(n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{BaO}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{BaCO_3}=\dfrac{23,64}{197}=0,12\left(mol\right)\)
Bảo toàn nguyên tố Ba => \(n_{Ba\left(HCO_3\right)_2}=0,15-0,12=0,03\left(mol\right)\)
Bảo toàn nguyên tố C: \(n_{CO_2}=0,12+0,03.2=0,18\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(V_{CO_2}=0,18.22,4=4,032\left(l\right)\)
b)Bảo toàn nguyên tố C : \(n_{CO_2}=n_{MgCO_3}+n_{CaCO_3}=a\left(mol\right)\)
Ta có : \(\dfrac{18,4}{100}< a< \dfrac{18,4}{84}\)
=> \(0,184< a< 0,22\)
\(n_{OH^-}=0,15.2=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
Lập T: \(\dfrac{0,3}{0,22}< T< \dfrac{0,3}{0,184}\)
=>\(1,36< T< 1,63\)
Do 1< \(1,36< T< 1,63\) <2
=> Phản ứng luôn tạo kết tủa
Quy đổi hh thành A2On: x (mol)
=> dd A chứa A(OH)n: 2x (mol)
1/10 dd A chứa \(A\left(OH\right)_n:0,2.x\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=0,06.1=0,06\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: A(OH)n + nHCl --> ACln + nH2O
0,2x--->0,2xn-->0,2x
=> 0,2xn = 0,06
=> xn = 0,3
\(m_{muối}=m_{ACl_n}=0,2x.\left(M_A+35,5n\right)=0,2x.M_A+7,1xn\left(g\right)\)
= 0,2x.MA + 2,13 (g) (1)
Có: \(n_{A_2O_n}=x=\dfrac{21,2}{2.M_A+16n}\left(mol\right)\)
=> 2x.MA + 16nx = 21,2
=> x.MA = 8,2 (2)
(1)(2) => mmuối = 3,77 (g)