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a) $n_{H_2SO_4} = \dfrac{44,1}{98} = 0,45(mol)$
$2Al + 3H_2SO_4 \to Al_2(SO_4)_3 + 3H_2$
Theo PTHH :
$n_{Al} = \dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2SO_4} = 0,3(mol)$
$m_{Al} = 0,3.27 = 8,1(gam)$
b) $n_{H_2} = n_{H_2SO_4} = 0,45(mol)$
$\Rightarrow V_{H_2} = 0,45.22,4 =1 0,08(lít)$
c)
Cách 1 : $n_{Al_2(SO_4)_3} = \dfrac{1}{3}n_{H_2SO_4} = 0,15(mol)$
$\Rightarrow m_{Al_2(SO_4)_3} = 0,15.342 = 51,3(gam)$
Cách 2 : Bảo toàn khối lượng, $m_{Al_2(SO_4)_3} = 8,1 + 44,1 - 0,45.2 = 51,3(gam)$
a) Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2
b) \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2
_____0,1--------------->0,1---->0,1
=> mFeCl2 = 0,1.127 = 12,7(g)
c) VH2 = 0,1.22,4 = 2,24(l)
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1(mol)\\ a,Fe+2HCl\to FeCl_2+H_2\\ \Rightarrow n_{FeCl_2}=n_{H_2}=0,1(mol)\\ a,m_{FeCl_2}=0,1.127=12,7(g)\\ b,V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24(l)\)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{58,8}{98}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(PTHH:2Al+3H_2SO_4--->Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\uparrow\)
0,4 <--- 0,6 -----------> 0,2 --> 0,6
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Al}=0,4.27=10,8\left(g\right)\\m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,2.342=68,4\left(g\right)\\V_{H_2}=0,6.22,4=13,44\left(lít\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
a, Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
Fe + 2HCl ---> FeCl2 + H2
a--->2a------------------>a
2Al + 6HCl ---> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
b---->3b-------------------->1,5b
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56a+27b=16,6\\a+1,5b=0,5\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow a=b=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe}=0,2.56=11,2\left(g\right)\\m_{Al}=0,2.27=5,4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) \(C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{\left(0,2.2+0,2.3\right).36,5}{300}.100\%=12,167\%\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
gọi nFe : a , nAl: b (a,b>0) => 56a + 27b = 16,6 (g)
\(pthh:Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
a a
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\uparrow\)
b \(\dfrac{3b}{2}\)
=> \(a+\dfrac{3b}{2}=0,5\)
ta có hệ pt
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56a+27b=16,6\\a+\dfrac{3b}{2}=0,5\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> a= 0,2 , b = 0,2
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe}=0,2.56=11,2\left(g\right)\\m_{Al}=16,6-11,2=5,4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(pthh:Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
0,2 0,4
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
0,2 0,6
=> \(m_{HCl}=\left(0,4+0,6\right).36,5=36,5\left(g\right)\)
=> \(C\%=\dfrac{36,5}{200}.100\%=18,25\%\)
nNa=11,5/23=0,5(mol)
nH2O=189/18=10,5(mol)
2Na+2H2O--->2NaOH+H2
2_____2
0,5___10,5
Ta có: 0,5/2<10,5/2
=>H2O dư
Theo pt: nH2=1/2nNa=1/2.0,5=0,25(mol)
=>VH2=0,25.22,4=5,6(l)
Theo pt: nNaOH=nNa=0,5(mol)
=>mNaOH=0,5.40=20(g)
mdd=11,5+189-0,25.2=200(g)
=>C%=20/200.100%=10%
nFeO=14,4/72=0,2(mol)
FeO+H2--->Fe+H2O
1____1
0,2___0,25
Ta có: 0,2/1<0,25/1
=>H2 dư
Theo pt: nFe=nFeO=0,2(mol)
=>mFe=0,2.56=11,2(g)
===>mFe thu đc= 11,2.75%=8,4(g)
a) PTHH: \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
b+c) Ta có: \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{8,4}{56}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{H_2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\n_{HCl}=0,3\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}V_{H_2}=0,15\cdot22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\\m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,3\cdot36,5}{10,95\%}=100\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
d) PTHH: \(H_2+CuO\xrightarrow[]{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{H_2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\n_{CuO}=\dfrac{24}{80}=0,3\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\) CuO còn dư
\(\Rightarrow n_{CuO\left(dư\right)}=0,15\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{CuO\left(dư\right)}=0,15\cdot80=12\left(g\right)\)
a) PTHH: Zn + H2SO4 ===> ZnSO4 + H2
nZnSO4 = 483 / 161 = 3 (mol)
Theo phương trình, nH2 = nZnSO4 = 3 (mol)
=> VH2(đktc) = 3 x 22,4 = 67,2 lít
b) Theo phương trình, nZn = nZnSO4 = 3 (mol)
=> mZn = 3 x 65 = 195 (gam)
c) Theo phương trình, nH2SO4 = nZnSO4 = 3 (mol)
=> mH2SO4 = 3 x 98 = 294 (gam)
a, nZn = 6,5/65 = 0,1(mol)
Zn + H2SO4 ---> ZnSO4 + H2
0,1........................................0,1
V H2(đktc)=0,1.22,4=2,24(l)
b, nFe2O3 = 16/160=0,1(mol)
Fe2O3 + 3H2 ---to---> 2Fe + 3H2O
\(\frac{0,1}{1}>\frac{0,1}{3}\)=> Fe2O3 dư sau phản ứng và hidro phản ứng hết
nFe=0,1.2/3=0,067(mol) => mFe=0,067.56=3,752(g)
nH2O=0,1.3/3=0,1(mol) => mH2O=0,1.18=1,8(g)
nFe2O3(pư)=0,1.1/3=0,033(mol)
nFe2O3(dư)=nFe2O3 - nFe2O3(pư)=0,1-0.033=0,067(mol)
=> mFe2O3=0,067.160=10,72(g)