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![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Gọi CTHH của oxit sắt là FexOy.
PT: \(ZnO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Zn+H_2O\)
\(Fe_xO_y+yH_2\underrightarrow{t^o}xFe+yH_2O\)
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
B gồm: Zn và Fe.
Gọi: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Zn}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) ⇒ 65a + 56b = 17,7 (1)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}+n_{Fe}=a+b=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\left(mol\right)\\b=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{ZnO}=n_{Zn}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe_xO_y}=\dfrac{1}{x}n_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,2}{x}\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Có: mZnO + mFexOy = 24,1 ⇒ mFexOy = 24,1 - 0,1.81 = 16 (g)
\(\Rightarrow M_{Fe_xO_y}=\dfrac{16}{\dfrac{0,2}{x}}=80x\left(g/mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow56x+16y=80x\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{y}=\dfrac{2}{3}\)
Vậy: CTHH cần tìm là Fe2O3.
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{ZnO}=\dfrac{0,1.81}{24,1}.100\%\approx33,61\%\\\%m_{Fe_2O_3}\approx66,39\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a, PT: \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
Ta có: \(n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
Coi hh X gồm: Fe, Cu và O.
Ta có: nFe = 0,3 (mol)
Quá trình khử oxit: \(H_2+O_{\left(trongoxit\right)}\rightarrow H_2O\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{O\left(trongoxit\right)}=n_{H_2}=\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ mCu = 39,2 - mFe - mO (trong oxit) = 39,2 - 0,3.56 - 0,6.16 = 12,8 (g)
BTNT Cu, có: \(n_{CuO}=n_{Cu}=\dfrac{12,8}{64}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{CuO}=\dfrac{0,2.80}{39,2}.100\%\approx40,82\%\\\%m_{Fe_xO_y}\approx100-40,82\approx59,18\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, Ta có: \(m_{Fe_xO_y}=39,2-m_{CuO}=23,2\left(g\right)\)
⇒ mO (trong FexOy) = 23,2 - mFe = 6,4 (g) \(\Rightarrow n_O=\dfrac{6,4}{16}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ x:y = 0,3:0,4 = 3:4
Vậy: CTHH cần tìm là Fe3O4.
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(m_{H_2}=0,01a\left(g\right)\)
=> \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,01a}{2}=0,005a\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2
0,005a<----------------0,005a
=> mFe = 56.0,005a = 0,28a (g)
Gọi số mol FeO, Fe2O3 là x, y (mol)
=> 72x + 160y = a - 0,28a = 0,72a (1)
\(m_{H_2O}=0,2115a\left(g\right)\)
=> \(n_{H_2O}=\dfrac{0,2115a}{18}=0,01175a\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: FeO + H2 --to--> Fe + H2O
x---------------------->x
Fe2O3 + 3H2 --to--> 2Fe + 3H2O
y----------------------------->3y
=> x + 3y = 0,01175a (2)
(1)(2) => \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,005a\left(mol\right)\\y=0,00225a\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\%Fe=\dfrac{0,28a}{a}.100\%=28\%\)
\(\%FeO=\dfrac{72.0,005a}{a}.100\%=36\%\)
\(\%Fe_2O_3=\dfrac{160.0,00225a}{a}.100\%=36\%\)
\(m_{H_2}=0,01a\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=0,005a\left(mol\right)\\\Rightarrow m_{FeO,Fe_2O_3}=a-0,005a.56=0,72a\\ Đặt:n_{FeO}=x\left(mol\right);n_{Fe_2O_3}=y\left(mol\right)\left(x,y>0\right)\\ \Rightarrow72x+160y=0,72a\left(1\right)\\ m_{H_2O}=0,2115a\\ \Leftrightarrow18x+54y=0,2115a\left(2\right)\\ \left(1\right),\left(2\right)\Rightarrow\dfrac{504}{47}x=\dfrac{1120}{47}y\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{y}=\dfrac{\dfrac{1120}{47}}{\dfrac{504}{47}}=\dfrac{20}{9}\\ \Rightarrow\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,28a}{a}.100=28\%\\Ta.có:x.72+0,45x.160=0,72a\\ \Leftrightarrow144x=0,72a\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x}{a}=\dfrac{0,72}{144}=0,005\\ \Rightarrow\%m_{FeO}=\dfrac{72.0,005a}{a}.100=36\%\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Fe_2O_3}=100\%-\left(28\%+36\%\right)=36\%\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
CTHH: FexOy
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2
0,2<---------------------0,2
=> \(m_{Fe_xO_y}=12,8-0,2.56=1,6\left(g\right)\)
Trong 6,4g hỗn hợp rắn chứa 0,8g FexOy
\(n_{H_2O}=\dfrac{0,27}{18}=0,015\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: FexOy + yH2 --to--> xFe + yH2O
\(\dfrac{0,015}{y}\)<---------------------0,015
=> \(M_{Fe_xO_y}=\dfrac{0,8}{\dfrac{0,015}{y}}=\dfrac{160}{3}y\)
=> \(56x+16y=\dfrac{160}{3}y\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{y}=\dfrac{2}{3}\Rightarrow Fe_2O_3\)
Fe+2HCl\(\rightarrow\)FeCl2+H2
nH2=0,01\(\rightarrow\)nFe=0,01
\(\rightarrow\)trong 6,4 gam hỗn hợp thì nFe=\(\frac{6,4}{\text{1,28.0,01}}\)=0,05
a. %mFe=\(\frac{\text{0,05.56}}{6,4}\)=43,75%
\(\rightarrow\)%moxit=56,25%
b. Chất rắn là Fe
nFe=\(\frac{5,6}{56}\)=0,1
\(\rightarrow\)nFe trong oxit là 0,1-0,05=0,05
\(\rightarrow\)mO=6,4-5,6=0,8\(\rightarrow\)nO=0,05
Gọi công thức oxit là FexOy ta có \(\text{x:y=nFe:nO=0,05:0,05=1:1}\)
\(\rightarrow\)Oxit là FeO