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a, PT: \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
\(MgO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2O\)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,4.27}{14,8}.100\%\approx72,97\%\\\%m_{MgO}\approx27,03\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, Ta có: \(n_{MgO}=\dfrac{14,8-0,4.27}{40}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}+n_{MgO}=0,7\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2SO_4}=0,7.98=68,6\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{68,6}{10\%}=686\left(g\right)\)
c, Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Al}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{MgSO_4}=n_{MgO}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có: m dd sau pư = 14,8 + 686 - 0,6.2 = 699,6 (g)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{0,2.342}{699,6}.100\%\approx9,78\%\\C\%_{MgSO_4}=\dfrac{0,1.120}{699,6}.100\%\approx1,72\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có: \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{0,672}{22,4}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)
a. PTHH:
\(MgCO_3+H_2SO_4--->MgSO_4+H_2O+CO_2\)
\(MgSO_4+H_2SO_4--\times-->\)
b. Theo PT: \(n_{MgCO_3}=n_{CO_2}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{MgCO_3}=0,03.84=2,52\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{MgSO_4}=6-2,52=3,48\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\%_{m_{MgCO_3}}=\dfrac{2,52}{6}.100\%=42\%\)
\(\%_{m_{MgSO_4}}=100\%-42\%=58\%\)
c. Theo PT: \(n_{MgSO_4}=n_{CO_2}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{MgSO_4}=0,03.120=3,6\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{MgSO_{4_{thu.được.sau.phản.ứng}}}=3,6+3,48=7,08\left(g\right)\)
PTHH: \(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)
a_______a________a______a (mol)
\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\uparrow\)
b_______\(\dfrac{3}{2}\)b_________\(\dfrac{1}{2}\)b_____\(\dfrac{3}{2}\)b (mol)
a) Ta lập HPT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24a+27b=8,25\\a+\dfrac{3}{2}b=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\) Hệ có nghiệm âm
*Bạn xem lại đề !!!
a, PT: \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
\(Al_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2O\)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,1.27}{5,25}.100\%\approx51,43\%\\\%m_{Al_2O_3}\approx48,57\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, \(n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{5,25-0,1.27}{102}=0,025\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=3n_{Al}+6n_{Al_2O_3}=0,45\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,45.36,5}{29,2\%}=56,25\left(g\right)\)
c, \(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=0,225\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,225.98}{19,6\%}=112,5\left(g\right)\)
Tiếp bài của creeper nhé:
c. Ta có: \(n_{ZnO}=\dfrac{4,86}{81}=0,06\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT(1): \(n_{HCl}=2.n_{ZnO}=2.0,06=0,12\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT(2): \(n_{HCl}=2.n_{Zn}=2.0,1=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(n_{HCl}=0,12+0,2=0,32\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{HCl}=0,32.36,5=11,68\left(g\right)\)
Ta có: \(C_{\%_{HCl}}=\dfrac{11,68}{m_{dd_{HCl}}}.100\%=12\%\)
=> \(m_{dd_{HCl}}=\dfrac{292}{3}\left(g\right)\)
Theo đề, ta có:
\(D=\dfrac{\dfrac{292}{3}}{V_{dd_{HCl}}}=1,2\)(g/ml)
=> \(V_{dd_{HCl}}=81,1\left(ml\right)\)
PTHH\(Na_2CO_3+2HCl\rightarrow2NaCl+H_2O+CO_2\)
tl............1................2.............2.............1.............1..(mol
br 0,1.................0,2......................................0,1(mol)
NaCl không phản ứng đc vsHCl
b)\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(C_{MHCl}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,4}=0,5\left(M\right)\)(đổi 400ml=0,4(l))
c)\(Tacom_{Na_2CO_3}=0,1.106=10,6\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Na_2CO_3}=\dfrac{10,6}{20}.100=53\%\)
\(\Rightarrow\%mNaCl=100\%-53\%=47\%\)
PTHH:
\(Zn+H_2SO_4--->ZnSO_4+H_2\)
\(Cu+H_2SO_4--\times-->\)
a. Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Zn}=n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Zn}=0,1.65=6,5\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\%_{m_{Zn}}=\dfrac{6,5}{19,3}.100\%=33,7\%\)
\(\%_{m_{Cu}}=100\%-33,7\%=66,3\%\)
b. Theo PT: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{Zn}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Đổi 200ml = 0,2 lít
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,2}=0,5M\)
c. Ta có: \(V_{dd_{ZnSO_4}}=V_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}=0,2\left(lít\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{ZnSO_4}=n_{Zn}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{ZnSO_4}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,2}=0,5M\)
a) \(m_{CO_2}=\dfrac{0,448}{22,4}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: MgCO3 + H2SO4 --> MgSO4 + CO2 + H2O
_____0,02<------0,02<-----------------0,02
=> mMgCO3 = 0,02.84 = 1,68 (g)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%MgCO_3=\dfrac{1,68}{10,3}.100\%=16,31\%\\\%MgCl_2=\dfrac{10,3-1,68}{10,3}.100\%=83,69\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) mH2SO4 = 0,02.98 = 1,96 (g)
=> \(C\%\left(H_2SO_4\right)=\dfrac{1,96}{100}.100\%=1,96\%\)