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22) \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{2}}\)
\(=\frac{\left(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{2}\right)+\left(\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{2}\right)}{\left(\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{2}\right)\left(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{2}\right)}\)
\(=\frac{2\sqrt{5}}{\sqrt{5^2}-\sqrt{2^2}}\)
\(=\frac{2\sqrt{5}}{5-2}=\frac{2\sqrt{5}}{3}\)
a/ \(\sqrt{4a^2}=\sqrt{\left(2a\right)^2}=\left|2a\right|=2a\)
b/ \(\sqrt{\left(\frac{2}{5}\right)^2\left(x-2\right)^2}=\frac{2}{5}\left|x-2\right|=\frac{2}{5}\left(x-2\right)=\frac{2x}{5}-\frac{4}{5}\)
c/ \(\sqrt{5^2\left(3-a\right)^2}+3=5\left|3-a\right|+3=\left[{}\begin{matrix}18-5a\left(a\le3\right)\\5a-12\left(a\ge3\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
d/ \(=\frac{1}{2\left(x-5\right)}.6\left|x-5\right|=\frac{3\left|x-5\right|}{x-5}=\left[{}\begin{matrix}3\left(x>5\right)\\-3\left(x< 5\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\frac{3+\sqrt{5}}{2}\\b=\frac{3-\sqrt{5}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}ab=1\\a+b=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
Đặt \(S_n=a^n+b^n\)
\(S_1=a+b=3\)
Ta cần tính \(S_{1991}-3S_{1990}+S_{1989}\)
Xét: \(S_1.S_n=\left(a+b\right)\left(a^n+b^n\right)=a^{n+1}+b^{n+1}+a.b^n+a^nb\)
\(\Rightarrow S_1S_n=a^{n+1}+b^{n+1}+ab\left(a^{n-1}+b^{n-1}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow S_1S_n=a^{n+1}+b^{n+1}+a^{n-1}+b^{n-1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3S_n=S_{n+1}+S_{n-1}\)
Thay \(n=1990\Rightarrow3S_{1990}=S_{1991}+s_{1989}\)
\(\Rightarrow S_{1991}-3S_{1990}+S_{1989}=0\)
a)\(\sqrt{75}-\sqrt{5\frac{1}{3}}+\frac{9}{2}\sqrt{2\frac{2}{3}}+2\sqrt{27}=5\sqrt{3}-\frac{\sqrt{15}}{3}+3\sqrt{3}+6\sqrt{3}=14\sqrt{3}-\frac{\sqrt{15}}{3}\)
b) \(\sqrt{48}+\sqrt{5\frac{1}{3}}+2\sqrt{75}-5\sqrt{1\frac{1}{3}}=4\sqrt{3}+\frac{\sqrt{15}}{3}+10\sqrt{3}-\frac{5\sqrt{3}}{3}=\frac{12\sqrt{3}+30\sqrt{3}-5\sqrt{3}}{3}+\frac{\sqrt{15}}{3}=\frac{37\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{15}}{3}\)
c) \(\left(\sqrt{15}+2\sqrt{3}\right)^2+12\sqrt{5}=\left[\left(\sqrt{15}\right)^2+4\sqrt{45}+\left(2\sqrt{3}\right)^2\right]+12\sqrt{5}=15+12\sqrt{5}+12+12\sqrt{5}=27+24\sqrt{5}\)
d) \(\left(\sqrt{6}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}\right)=\sqrt{18}-\sqrt{12}+\sqrt{6}-2\sqrt{2}=3\sqrt{2}-2\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{6}-2\sqrt{2}=\sqrt{2}-2\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{6}\)
e) \(\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)^2-2\sqrt{3}+4=\left(\sqrt{3}\right)^2+2\sqrt{3}+1-2\sqrt{3}+4=3+2\sqrt{3}+1-2\sqrt{3}+4=8\)
f) \(\frac{1}{7+4\sqrt{3}}+\frac{1}{7-4\sqrt{3}}=\frac{7-4\sqrt{3}+7+4\sqrt{3}}{\left(7+4\sqrt{3}\right)\left(7-4\sqrt{3}\right)}=\frac{14}{1}=14\)
g) \(\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{2}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{2}}+1\right)\frac{1}{\left(\sqrt{2}+1\right)^2}=\left(\frac{\sqrt{5}+2-\sqrt{5}+2+5-2}{\left(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{2}\right)\left(\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{2}\right)}\right)\frac{1}{3+2\sqrt{2}}=\frac{7}{3}.\frac{1}{3+2\sqrt{2}}=\frac{7}{9+6\sqrt{2}}\)
\(F=\frac{5}{3-\sqrt{5}}-\frac{4}{3+\sqrt{5}}=\frac{5\left(3+\sqrt{5}\right)}{9-5}-\frac{4\left(3-\sqrt{5}\right)}{9-5}=\frac{15+5\sqrt{5}-12+4\sqrt{5}}{4}=\frac{3+9\sqrt{5}}{4}\)