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Chọn A.
Gọi thành phần phần trăm hai đồng vị lần lượt là a,b.
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=100\%\\35a+37b=35,5\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=75\%\\b=25\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
Khi đó \(\%^{35}Cl=75\%\)
\(\overline{M_{FeCl_3}}=55,85+3\cdot35,5=162,35\)
\(\%^{35}Cl_{\left(trongFeCl_3\right)}=\dfrac{75\%\cdot35,5}{162,35}\approx16,4\%\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Câu 2
\((1) MnO_2 + 4HCl \to MnCl_2 + Cl_2 + 2H_2O\\ (2) Cl_2 + H_2 \xrightarrow{as} 2HCl\\ (3) 3Cl_2 + 2Fe \xrightarrow{t^o} 2FeCl_3\\ (4) 2FeCl_3 + Fe \to 3FeCl_2\\ (5) 2NaOH + Cl_2 \to NaCl + NaClO + H_2O\)
\((1) 4Al + 3O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2Al_2O_3\\ (2) 2Fe + 3Cl_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2FeCl_3\\ (3) C + O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} CO_2\\ (4) 2KMnO_4 \xrightarrow{t^o} K_2MnO_4 + MnO_2 + O_2\\ (5) 4P + 5O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2P_2O_5\\ (6) 2KClO_3 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2KCl + 3O_2\\ (7) Fe + H_2SO_4 \to FeSO_4 + H_2\\ (8) Cu + 2H_2SO_4 \to CuSO_4 + SO_2 + 2H_2O\\ (9) 2Fe + 6H_2SO_4 \to Fe_2(SO_4)_3 + 3SO_2 + 6H_2O\\ (10) 2Al + 6H_2SO_4 \to Al_2(SO_4)_3 + 3SO_2 + 6H_2O\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
Zn + 2HCl ---> ZnCl2 + H2
0,1<-0,2<----------------0,1
\(n_{ZnO}=\dfrac{10,55-0,1.65}{81}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
ZnO + 2HCl ---> ZnCl2 + H2
0,05-->0,1
\(C_{M\left(HCl\right)}=\dfrac{0,1+0,2}{0,2}=1.5M\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Câu 7
a)
Gọi nCu = x
nFe = y
=> 64x + 56y = 18,4 (1)
Bảo toàn e
2x + 3y = 2nSO2 = 2.\(\dfrac{7,84}{22,4}\) = 2.0,35 = 0,7 (2)
Từ (1) + (2) => x = 0,2 , y = 0,1
=> mCu = 0,2 . 64 = 12,8g
%mCu = \(\dfrac{12,8}{18,4}.100\%=69,57\%\)
%mFe = 100 - 69,57 = 30,43%
b) Để hấp thụ hết SO2
=> \(\dfrac{nOH^-}{nSO_2}=1\)
=> nOH- = 0,35mol
=> nNaOH = 0,35 mol
=> Vdd NaOH = 0,35 : 2 = 0,175 lít = 175 ml
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a) Cl2 + 2NaOH --> NaClO + NaCl + H2O
Chất oxh: Cl2, chất khử: Cl2
Sự oxh | Cl0 -1e--> Cl+1 | x1 |
Sự khử | Cl0 +1e--> Cl-1 | x1 |
b) \(n_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{17,92}{22,4}=0,8\left(mol\right);n_{NaOH}=0,5.4=2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Cl2 + 2NaOH --> NaClO + NaCl + H2O
_____0,8---->1,6--------->0,8---->0,8
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C_{M\left(NaCl\right)}=\dfrac{0,8}{0,5}=1,6M\\C_{M\left(NaClO\right)}=\dfrac{0,8}{0,5}=1,6M\\C_{M\left(NaOH\right)}=\dfrac{2-1,6}{0,5}=0,8M\end{matrix}\right.\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
nH2SO4=0,045mol nKOH=0,03
PT: X + H2SO4 ==> XSO4 + H2 (1)
H2SO4 + 2KOH ==> K2SO4 + 2H2O (2)
Từ 1 --> nH2SO4 dư = 0,015
--> nX=nH2SO4 pứ= 0,045-0,015=0,03
MX=1,2:0,03=40 --> X là Ca
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a)
Fe không phản ứng với H2SO4 đặc nguội
\(n_{SO_2}=\dfrac{1,176}{22,4}=0,0525\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Cu + 2H2SO4 --> CuSO4 + SO2 + 2H2O
0,0525<-0,105<----0,0525<-0,0525
\(\%m_{Cu}=\dfrac{0,0525.64}{27}.100\%=12,44\%\)
\(\%m_{Fe}=100\%-12,44\%=87,56\%\)
b) \(C_{M\left(dd.H_2SO_4\right)}=\dfrac{0,105}{0,8}=0,13125M\)
c) nNaOH = 1,25.0,5 = 0,625 (mol)
PTHH: 2NaOH + CuSO4 --> Cu(OH)2 + Na2SO4
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,625}{2}>\dfrac{0,0525}{1}\) => NaOH dư, CuSO4 hết
PTHH: 2NaOH + CuSO4 --> Cu(OH)2 + Na2SO4
0,105<---0,0525------------------>0,0525
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C_{M\left(NaOH_{dư}\right)}=\dfrac{0,625-0,105}{0,5}=1,04M\\C_{M\left(Na_2SO_4\right)}=\dfrac{0,0525}{0,5}=0,105M\end{matrix}\right.\)
a, nH2 = \(\dfrac{\dfrac{1176}{1000}}{22,4}=0,0525\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Cu + 2H2SO4(đặc, nguội) ---> CuSO4 + SO2 + 2H2O
0,0525 0,105 0,0525 0,0525
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Cu}=0,0525.64=3,36\left(g\right)\\m_{Fe}=27-3,36=23,64\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Cu}=\dfrac{3,36}{27}=12,44\%\\\%m_{Fe}=100\%-12,44\%=87,56\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, \(C_{MddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,105}{\dfrac{800}{1000}}0,13125M\)
c, nNaOH = 1,25.\(\dfrac{500}{1000}\) = 0,625 (mol)
PTHH: CuSO4 + 2NaOH ---> Cu(OH)2 + Na2SO4
LTL: 0,0525 < \(\dfrac{0,625}{2}\) => NaOH dư
Theo pthh: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{NaOH\left(pư\right)}=2n_{CuSO_4}=2.0,0525=0,105\left(mol\right)\\n_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{Na_2SO_4}=n_{CuSO_4}=0,0525\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C_{MNaOH\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{0,625-0,105}{0,5}=1,04M\\C_{MNa_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,0525}{0,5}=0,105M\end{matrix}\right.\)