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\(a,PT\Leftrightarrow\left|x+3\right|=3x-6\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+3=3x-6\left(x\ge-3\right)\\x+3=6-3x\left(x< -3\right)\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{9}{2}\left(tm\right)\\x=\dfrac{3}{4}\left(ktm\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{9}{2}\\ b,PT\Leftrightarrow\left|x-1\right|=\left|2x-1\right|\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-1=2x-1\\1-x=2x-1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=\dfrac{2}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(c,ĐK:x\le\dfrac{2}{5}\\ PT\Leftrightarrow4-5x=25x^2-20x+4\\ \Leftrightarrow25x^2-15x=0\\ \Leftrightarrow5x\left(5x-3\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\left(tm\right)\\x=\dfrac{3}{5}\left(ktm\right)\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x=0\\ d,ĐK:x\le\dfrac{2}{5}\\ PT\Leftrightarrow4-5x=2-5x\\ \Leftrightarrow x\in\varnothing\)
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ĐKXĐ: \(x\in R\)
\(\sqrt{3x^2+6x+7}+\sqrt{5x^2+10x+14}=4-2x-x^2\)
=>\(\sqrt{3x^2+6x+7}+\sqrt{5x^2+10x+14}+x^2+2x-4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{3x^2+6x+7}+\sqrt{5x^2+10x+14}+x^2+2x+1-5=0\)
=>\(\sqrt{3x^2+6x+7}-2+\sqrt{5x^2+10x+14}-3+\left(x+1\right)^2=0\)
=>\(\dfrac{3x^2+6x+7-4}{\sqrt{3x^2+6x+7}+2}+\dfrac{5x^2+10x+14-9}{\sqrt{5x^2+10x+14}+3}+\left(x+1\right)^2=0\)
=>
\(\dfrac{3x^2+6x+3}{\sqrt{3x^2+6x+7}+2}+\dfrac{5x^2+10x+5}{\sqrt{5x^2+10x+14}+3}+\left(x+1\right)^2=0\)
=>\(\dfrac{3\left(x^2+2x+1\right)}{\sqrt{3x^2+6x+7}+2}+\dfrac{5\left(x^2+2x+1\right)}{\sqrt{5x^2+10x+14}+3}+\left(x+1\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{3\left(x+1\right)^2}{\sqrt{3x^2+6x+7}+2}+\dfrac{5\left(x+1\right)^2}{\sqrt{5x^2+10x+14}+3}+\left(x+1\right)^2=0\)
=>\(\left(x+1\right)^2\left(\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{3x^2+6x+7}+2}+\dfrac{5}{\sqrt{5x^2+10x+14}+3}+1\right)=0\)
=>\(\left(x+1\right)^2=0\)
=>x+1=0
=>x=-1(nhận)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Câu a:
ĐKXĐ: \(x\geq 1\)
\(\sqrt{x-1}-\sqrt{5x-1}=\sqrt{3x-2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{x-1}=\sqrt{3x-2}+\sqrt{5x-1}\)
\(\Rightarrow x-1=8x-3+2\sqrt{(3x-2)(5x-1)}\) (bình phương 2 vế)
\(\Leftrightarrow 7x-2+2\sqrt{(3x-2)(5x-1)}=0\)
(Vô lý với mọi \(x\geq 1\) )
Do đó PT vô nghiệm.
Câu b)
PT \(\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{3(x^2+2x+1)+4}+\sqrt{5(x^2+2x+1)+9}=5-(x^2+2x+1)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{3(x+1)^2+4}+\sqrt{5(x+1)^2+9}=5-(x+1)^2\)
Vì \((x+1)^2\geq 0, \forall x\) nên:
\(\sqrt{3(x+1)^2+4}\geq \sqrt{4}=2\)
\(\sqrt{5(x+1)^2+9}\geq \sqrt{9}=3\)
\(\Rightarrow \sqrt{3(x+1)^2+4}+\sqrt{5(x+1)^2+9}\geq 5(1)\)
Mặt khác ta cũng có: \(5-(x+1)^2\leq 5-0=5(2)\)
Từ \((1);(2)\Rightarrow \sqrt{3(x+1)^2+4}+\sqrt{5(x+1)^2+9}\geq 5\geq 5-(x+1)^2\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $(x+1)^2=0$ hay $x=-1$ (thỏa mãn)
Vậy pt có nghiệm $x=-1$
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge1\)
\(\sqrt{5x-1}=\sqrt{3x-2}+\sqrt{x-1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5x-1=3x-2+x-1+2\sqrt{\left(3x-2\right)\left(x-1\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+2=2\sqrt{\left(3x-2\right)\left(x-1\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+4x+4=4\left(3x-2\right)\left(x-1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow11x^2-24x+4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{2}{11}\left(loại\right)\\x=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge\dfrac{1}{5}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{3x+5}-\sqrt{2x+6}+\sqrt{5x-1}-2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x-1}{\sqrt{3x+5}+\sqrt{2x+6}}+\dfrac{5\left(x-1\right)}{\sqrt{5x-1}+2}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3x+5}+\sqrt{2x+6}}+\dfrac{5}{\sqrt{5x-1}+2}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=1\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(\sqrt{3x+1}+2\sqrt{x+3}=3\sqrt{5x-1}\)
=>\(\sqrt{3x+1}-2+2\sqrt{x+3}-4=3\sqrt{5x-1}-6\)
=>\(\dfrac{3x+1-4}{\sqrt{3x+1}+2}+2\left(\sqrt{x+3}-2\right)-3\left(\sqrt{5x-1}-2\right)=0\)
=>\(\dfrac{3\left(x-1\right)}{\sqrt{3x+1}+2}+2\cdot\dfrac{x+3-4}{\sqrt{x+3}+2}-3\cdot\dfrac{5x-1-4}{\sqrt{5x-1}+2}=0\)
=>\(\left(x-1\right)\left(\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{3x+1}+2}+\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{x+3}+2}-\dfrac{15}{\sqrt{5x-1}+2}\right)=0\)
=>x-1=0
=>x=1
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Đặt \(t=3x^2+5x+2\)
Do đó ta có:\(\sqrt{3x^2+5x+7}-\sqrt{3x^2+5^2+2}=1\)
\(\sqrt{t+5}-\sqrt{t}=1\)
\(\left(\sqrt{t+5}-\sqrt{t}\right)^2=1\)
\(t+5-2\sqrt{t\left(t+5\right)}+t=1\)
\(2t-2\sqrt{t\left(t+5\right)}+5=1\)
\(2t+4=2\sqrt{t\left(t+5\right)}\)
\(\left(t+2\right)^2=t\left(t+5\right)\)
\(4t+4=5t\)
\(\Rightarrow t=4\)
Tại t=4 ta được:\(3x^2+5x+2=4\)
\(3x^2+5x-2=0\)
\(3x^2+6x-x-2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(3x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}3x-1=0\\x+2=0\end{cases}\Rightarrow}\orbr{\begin{cases}x=\frac{1}{3}\\x=-2\end{cases}}\)