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![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a) trong 100 ml dung dịch HCl và H2SO4
CM[H+]=[Cl-]=0,02 M
[SO4 2-]=0,01M
[H+] =2.0,01=0,02 M
trong 100ml dung dịch KOH và Ba(OH)2
[K+]=[OH-]=0,01M
[Ba2+]=0,01M
[OH-]=0,02M
b)n(H+)=0,02+0,02=0,04mol
n(OH-)=0,01+0,02=0,03mol
khi trộn : H+ + OH- =>H2O
0,03<--0,03
=> nH+ dư=0,01mol
=> [H+]=0,05M
=> pH=-lg(0,05)=1,3
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=0,3.0,1=0,03\left(mol\right)\\ n_{HCl}=0,2.0,15=0,03\left(mol\right)\\ Ba\left(OH\right)_2+2HCl\rightarrow BaCl_2+2H_2O\\ Vì:\dfrac{n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2\left(đề\right)}}{n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2\left(PTHH\right)}}=\dfrac{0,03}{1}>\dfrac{n_{HCl\left(đề\right)}}{n_{HCl\left(PTHH\right)}}=\dfrac{0,03}{2}\\ \Rightarrow Ba\left(OH\right)_2dư\\ n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2\left(p.ứ\right)}=\dfrac{n_{HCl}}{2}=\dfrac{0,03}{2}=0,015\\ n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2\left(dư\right)}=0,03-0,015=0,015\left(mol\right)\\ \left[OH^-\right]=2.\left[Ba\left(OH\right)_2\left(dư\right)\right]=\dfrac{0,015}{0,3+0,2}=0,03\left(M\right)\\ \Rightarrow pH=14+log\left[OH^-\right]=14+log\left[0,03\right]\approx12,477\)
Nồng độ mol/lít các ion trong dd A:
\(\left[OH^-\left(dư\right)\right]=0,06\left(M\right)\left(nt\right)\\\left[Cl^-\right]=2.\left[BaCl_2\right]=2.\left(\dfrac{0,015}{0,5}\right)=0,06\left(M\right)\\ \left[Ba^{2+}\right]=0,03+ 0,03=0,06\left(M\right)\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a) Ta có: \(n_{Al\left(NO_3\right)_3}=\dfrac{4,26}{213}=0,02\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al^+}=0,02\left(mol\right)\\n_{NO_3^-}=0,06\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left[Al^+\right]=\dfrac{0,02}{0,1}=0,2\left(M\right)\\\left[NO_3^-\right]=\dfrac{0,06}{0,1}=0,6\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) Ta có: \(\left[Na^+\right]=0,1+0,02\cdot2+0,3=0,304\left(M\right)\)
c) Bạn xem lại đề !!
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a, \(n_{HCl}=0,2.0,1=0,02\left(mol\right)=n_{H^+}=n_{Cl^-}\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=0,2.0,15=0,03\left(mol\right)=n_{SO_4^{2-}}\) \(\Rightarrow n_{H^+}=2n_{H_2SO_4}=0,06\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\Sigma n_{H^+}=0,02+0,06=0,08\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=0,3.0,05=0,015\left(mol\right)=n_{Ba^{2+}}\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{OH^-}=2n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)
\(H^++OH^-\rightarrow H_2O\)
0,03___0,03 (mol) ⇒ nH+ dư = 0,05 (mol)
\(Ba^{2+}+SO_4^{2-}\rightarrow BaSO_4\)
0,015___0,015______0,015 (mol) ⇒ nSO42- dư = 0,015 (mol)
⇒ m = mBaSO4 = 0,015.233 = 3,495 (g)
\(\left[Cl^-\right]=\dfrac{0,02}{0,2+0,3}=0,04\left(M\right)\)
\(\left[H^+\right]=\dfrac{0,05}{0,2+0,3}=0,1\left(M\right)\)
\(\left[SO_4^{2-}\right]=\dfrac{0,015}{0,2+0,3}=0,03\left(M\right)\)
b, pH = -log[H+] = 1
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a) Ta có: \(n_{NaCl}=\dfrac{5,85}{58,5}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{NaCl}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,5}=0,2\left(M\right)=\left[Na^+\right]=\left[Cl^-\right]\)
b) Ta có: \(n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{34,2}{171}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,5}=0,4\left(M\right)\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left[Ba^{2+}\right]=0,4\left(M\right)\\\left[OH^-\right]=0,8\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
c) Ta có: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=0,025\cdot2=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,05}{0,125+0,025}\approx0,33\left(M\right)\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left[H^+\right]=0,66\left(M\right)\\\left[SO_4^{2-}\right]=0,33\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
1. 2 N H 4 + + S O 4 2 - + B a 2 + + 2 O H - → B a S O 4 ↓ + 2 N H 3 ↑ + 2 H 2 O
2. Số mol B a S O 4 : 17,475/233 = 0,075(mol)
Theo phản ứng, vì lấy dư dung dịch B a ( O H ) 2 nên S O 4 2 - chuyển hết vào kết tủa B a S O 4 và N H 4 + chuyển thành N H 3 . Do đó :
n S O 4 2 - = n B a S O 4 = 0,075 mol ;
n N H 4 + = 2. n S O 4 2 - = 2. 0,075 = 0,15 (mol).
Nồng độ mol của các ion N H 4 + và S O 4 2 - trong 75 ml dung dịch muối amoni sunfat :
[ N H 4 + ] = 2 (mol/l)
[ S O 4 2 - ] = 1 (mol/l)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(n_{HNO_3}=0.25\cdot2=0.5\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=0.25\cdot1=0.25\left(mol\right)\)
\(Ca\left(OH\right)_2+2HNO_3\rightarrow Ca\left(NO_3\right)_2+2H_2O\)
\(0.25...............0.5.................0.25\)
\(\left[Ca^{2+}\right]=\dfrac{0.25}{0.25+0.25}=0.5\left(M\right)\)
\(\left[NO_3^-\right]=\dfrac{0.25\cdot2}{0.25+0.25}=1\left(M\right)\)
2)
nKOH = 0.15*2=0.3 mol
nHCl = 0.25*3=0.75 mol
KOH + HCl --> KCl + H2O
Bđ: 0.3____0.45
Pư : 0.3____0.3____0.3
Kt: 0______0.15___0.3
DD sau phản ứng : 0.15 mol HCl dư , 0.3 mol KCl
CM H+= 0.15/0.25=0.6M
CM Cl- = 0.15/0.25=0.6 M
CM K+= 0.3/(0.15+0.25)=0.75M
CM Cl-= 0.3/(0.15+0.25)= 0.75M
Sao ko làm ion rút gọn cho gọn em ơi :v