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Giải các phương trình sau
a)\(x^2-2-x+\sqrt{2}=0\)
b) \((1-\sqrt{2})x^2-2(1+\sqrt{2})x+1+3\sqrt{2}=0\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a: \(x^2-2-x+\sqrt{2}=0\)
=>\(\left(x-\sqrt{2}\right)\left(x+\sqrt{2}\right)-\left(x-\sqrt{2}\right)=0\)
=>\(\left(x-\sqrt{2}\right)\left(x+\sqrt{2}-1\right)=0\)
=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\sqrt{2}\\x=-\sqrt{2}+1\end{matrix}\right.\)
b: \(\left(1-\sqrt{2}\right)x^2-2\left(1+\sqrt{2}\right)x+1+3\sqrt{2}=0\)
\(\Delta=\left(-2-2\sqrt{2}\right)^2-4\left(1-\sqrt{2}\right)\left(1+3\sqrt{2}\right)\)
\(=12+8\sqrt{2}+4\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right)\left(3\sqrt{2}+1\right)\)
\(=12+8\sqrt{2}+4\left(6+\sqrt{2}-3\sqrt{2}-1\right)\)
\(=12+8\sqrt{2}+24-8\sqrt{2}-4=32>0\)
Do đó: Phương trình có hai nghiệm phân biệt là:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x_1=\dfrac{2\left(1+\sqrt{2}\right)-4\sqrt{2}}{2\left(1-\sqrt{2}\right)}=1\\x_2=\dfrac{2\left(1+\sqrt{2}\right)+4\sqrt{2}}{2\left(1-\sqrt{2}\right)}=-7-4\sqrt{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
c: Ta có: \(\sqrt{x-1}+\sqrt{9x-9}-\sqrt{4x-4}=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\sqrt{x-1}=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-1=4\)
hay x=5
e: Ta có: \(\sqrt{4x^2-28x+49}-5=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|2x-7\right|=5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x-7=5\\2x-7=-5\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=6\\x=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
a. ĐKXĐ: $x\in\mathbb{R}$
PT $\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{(x-2)^2}=2-x$
$\Leftrightarrow |x-2|=2-x$
$\Leftrightarrow 2-x\geq 0$
$\Leftrightarrow x\leq 2$
b. ĐKXĐ: $x\geq 2$
PT $\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{4}.\sqrt{x-2}-\frac{1}{5}\sqrt{25}.\sqrt{x-2}=3\sqrt{x-2}-1$
$\Leftrightarrow 2\sqrt{x-2}-\sqrt{x-2}=3\sqrt{x-2}-1$
$\Leftrightarrow 1=2\sqrt{x-2}$
$\Leftrightarrow \frac{1}{2}=\sqrt{x-2}$
$\Leftrightarrow \frac{1}{4}=x-2$
$\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{9}{4}$ (tm)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
1) \(\sqrt[]{9\left(x-1\right)}=21\)
\(\Leftrightarrow9\left(x-1\right)=21^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow9\left(x-1\right)=441\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-1=49\Leftrightarrow x=50\)
2) \(\sqrt[]{1-x}+\sqrt[]{4-4x}-\dfrac{1}{3}\sqrt[]{16-16x}+5=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt[]{1-x}+\sqrt[]{4\left(1-x\right)}-\dfrac{1}{3}\sqrt[]{16\left(1-x\right)}+5=0\)
\(\)\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt[]{1-x}+2\sqrt[]{1-x}-\dfrac{4}{3}\sqrt[]{1-x}+5=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt[]{1-x}\left(1+3-\dfrac{4}{3}\right)+5=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt[]{1-x}.\dfrac{8}{3}=-5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt[]{1-x}=-\dfrac{15}{8}\)
mà \(\sqrt[]{1-x}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow pt.vô.nghiệm\)
3) \(\sqrt[]{2x}-\sqrt[]{50}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt[]{2x}=\sqrt[]{50}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x=50\Leftrightarrow x=25\)
1) \(\sqrt{9\left(x-1\right)}=21\) (ĐK: \(x\ge1\))
\(\Leftrightarrow3\sqrt{x-1}=21\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-1}=7\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-1=49\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=49+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=50\left(tm\right)\)
2) \(\sqrt{1-x}+\sqrt{4-4x}-\dfrac{1}{3}\sqrt{16-16x}+5=0\) (ĐK: \(x\le1\))
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{1-x}+2\sqrt{1-x}-\dfrac{4}{3}\sqrt{1-x}+5=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{5}{3}\sqrt{1-x}+5=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{5}{3}\sqrt{1-x}=-5\) (vô lý)
Phương trình vô nghiệm
3) \(\sqrt{2x}-\sqrt{50}=0\) (ĐK: \(x\ge0\))
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x}=\sqrt{50}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x=50\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{50}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=25\left(tm\right)\)
4) \(\sqrt{4x^2+4x+1}=6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(2x+1\right)^2}=6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|2x+1\right|=6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x+1=6\left(ĐK:x\ge-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)\\2x+1=-6\left(ĐK:x< -\dfrac{1}{2}\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x=5\\2x=-7\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{5}{2}\left(tm\right)\\x=-\dfrac{7}{2}\left(tm\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
5) \(\sqrt{\left(x-3\right)^2}=3-x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|x-3\right|=3-x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-3=3-x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+x=3+3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{6}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=3\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a)ĐK:\(\begin{cases}25x^2-9 \ge 0\\5x+3 \ge 0\\\end{cases}\)
`<=>` \(\begin{cases}(5x-3)(5x+3) \ge 0\\5x+3 \ge 0\\\end{cases}\)
`<=>` \(\begin{cases}\left[ \begin{array}{l}x\ge \dfrac35\\x \le -\dfrac35\end{array} \right.\\\end{cases}\)
`<=>` \(\left[ \begin{array}{l}x=-\dfrac35\\x \ge \dfrac35\end{array} \right.\)
`pt<=>\sqrt{5x+3}(\sqrt{5x-3}-2)=0`
`<=>` \(\left[ \begin{array}{l}5x+3=0\\\sqrt{5x-3}=2\end{array} \right.\)
`<=>` \(\left[ \begin{array}{l}x=-\dfrac35\\5x-3=4\end{array} \right.\)
`<=>` \(\left[ \begin{array}{l}x=-\dfrac35\\x=7/5\end{array} \right.\)
`b)sqrt{x-3}/sqrt{2x+1}=2`
ĐK:\(\begin{cases}x-3 \ge 0\\2x+1>0\\\end{cases}\)
`<=>x>=3`
`pt<=>sqrt{x-3}=2sqrt{2x+1}`
`<=>x-3=8x+4`
`<=>7x=7`
`<=>x=1(l)`
`c)sqrt{x^2-2x+1}+sqrt{x^2-4x+4}=3`
`<=>sqrt{(x-1)^2}+sqrt{(x-2)^2}=3`
`<=>|x-1|+|x-2|=3`
`**x>=2`
`pt<=>x-1+x-2=3`
`<=>2x=6`
`<=>x=3(tm)`
`**x<=1`
`pt<=>1-x+2-x=3`
`<=>3-x=3`
`<=>x=0(tm)`
`**1<=x<=2`
`pt<=>x-1+2-x=3`
`<=>=-1=3` vô lý
Vậy `S={0,3}`
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
1.
\(\sqrt{50}-3\sqrt{8}+\sqrt{32}=5\sqrt{2}-6\sqrt{2}+4\sqrt{2}=3\sqrt{2}\)
2.
a, ĐK: \(x\in R\)
\(pt\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(x-2\right)^2}=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|x-2\right|=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-2=1\\x-2=-1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\x=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, ĐK: \(x\ge3\)
\(pt\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-3}\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x-3}=0\\\sqrt{x}-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=3\left(tm\right)\\x=1\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a) \(3x-2\sqrt{x-1}=4\) (ĐK: x ≥ 1)
\(\Rightarrow3x-2\sqrt{x-1}-4=0\)
\(\Rightarrow3x-6-2\sqrt{x-1}+2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow3\left(x-2\right)-2\left(\sqrt{x-1}-1\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow3\left(x-2\right)-2.\dfrac{x-2}{\sqrt{x-1}+1}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left[3-\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{x-1}+1}\right]=0\)
*TH1: x = 2 (t/m)
*TH2: \(3-\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{x-1}+1}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow3=\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{x-1}+1}\)
\(\Rightarrow3\sqrt{x-1}+3=2\)
\(\Rightarrow3\sqrt{x-1}=-1\) (vô lí)
Vậy S = {2}
b) \(\sqrt{4x+1}-\sqrt{x+2}=\sqrt{3-x}\) (ĐK: \(-\dfrac{1}{4}\le x\le3\) )
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{4x+1}-3-\sqrt{x+2}+2-\sqrt{3-x}+1=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{4x-8}{\sqrt{4x+1}+3}-\dfrac{x-2}{\sqrt{x+2}+2}+\dfrac{x-2}{\sqrt{3-x}+1}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(\dfrac{4}{\sqrt{4x+1}+3}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x+2}+2}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3-x}+1}\right)=0\)
=> x = 2
\(a,3x-2\sqrt{x-1}=4\left(x\ge1\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow-2\sqrt{x-1}=4-3x\\ \Leftrightarrow4\left(x-1\right)=16-24x+9x^2\\ \Leftrightarrow9x^2-28x+20=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(9x-10\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2\left(tm\right)\\x=\dfrac{10}{9}\left(tm\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(b,\sqrt{4x+1}-\sqrt{x+2}=\sqrt{3-x}\left(-\dfrac{1}{4}\le x\le3\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow4x+1+x+2-2\sqrt{\left(4x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)}=3-x\\ \Leftrightarrow-2\sqrt{\left(4x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)}=2-6x\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{4x^2+9x+2}=3x-1\\ \Leftrightarrow4x^2+9x+2=9x^2-6x+1\\ \Leftrightarrow5x^2-15x-1=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\Delta=225+20=245\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{15-\sqrt{245}}{10}=\dfrac{15-7\sqrt{5}}{10}\left(ktm\right)\\x=\dfrac{15+\sqrt{245}}{10}=\dfrac{15+7\sqrt{5}}{10}\left(tm\right)\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{15+7\sqrt{5}}{10}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a: \(x^3+8x=5x^2+4\)
=>\(x^3-5x^2+8x-4=0\)
=>\(x^3-x^2-4x^2+4x+4x-4=0\)
=>\(x^2\left(x-1\right)-4x\left(x-1\right)+4\left(x-1\right)=0\)
=>\(\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2-4x+4\right)=0\)
=>\(\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)^2=0\)
=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-1=0\\\left(x-2\right)^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
2: \(x^3+3x^2=x+6\)
=>\(x^3+3x^2-x-6=0\)
=>\(x^3+2x^2+x^2+2x-3x-6=0\)
=>\(x^2\cdot\left(x+2\right)+x\left(x+2\right)-3\left(x+2\right)=0\)
=>\(\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2+x-3\right)=0\)
=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+2=0\\x^2+x-3=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-2\\x=\dfrac{-1+\sqrt{13}}{2}\\x=\dfrac{-1-\sqrt{13}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
3: ĐKXĐ: x>=0
\(2x+3\sqrt{x}=1\)
=>\(2x+3\sqrt{x}-1=0\)
=>\(x+\dfrac{3}{2}\sqrt{x}-\dfrac{1}{2}=0\)
=>\(\left(\sqrt{x}\right)^2+2\cdot\sqrt{x}\cdot\dfrac{3}{4}+\dfrac{9}{16}-\dfrac{17}{16}=0\)
=>\(\left(\sqrt{x}+\dfrac{3}{4}\right)^2=\dfrac{17}{16}\)
=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}+\dfrac{3}{4}=-\dfrac{\sqrt{17}}{4}\\\sqrt{x}+\dfrac{3}{4}=\dfrac{\sqrt{17}}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}=\dfrac{\sqrt{17}-3}{4}\left(nhận\right)\\\sqrt{x}=\dfrac{-\sqrt{17}-3}{4}\left(loại\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(x=\dfrac{13-3\sqrt{17}}{8}\left(nhận\right)\)
4: \(x^4+4x^2+1=3x^3+3x\)
=>\(x^4-3x^3+4x^2-3x+1=0\)
=>\(x^4-x^3-2x^3+2x^2+2x^2-2x-x+1=0\)
=>\(x^3\left(x-1\right)-2x^2\left(x-1\right)+2x\left(x-1\right)-\left(x-1\right)=0\)
=>\(\left(x-1\right)\left(x^3-2x^2+2x-1\right)=0\)
=>\(\left(x-1\right)\left(x^3-x^2-x^2+x+x-1\right)=0\)
=>\(\left(x-1\right)^2\cdot\left(x^2-x+1\right)=0\)
=>(x-1)^2=0
=>x-1=0
=>x=1
a.
\(x^3+8x=5x^2+4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3-5x^2+8x-4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^3-4x^2+4x\right)-\left(x^2-4x+4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x-2\right)^2-\left(x-2\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
b.
\(x^3+3x^2-x-6=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^3+x^2-3x\right)+\left(2x^2+2x-6\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x^2+x-3\right)+2\left(x^2+x-3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2+x-3\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-2\\x=\dfrac{-1\pm\sqrt{13}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a.\(2\sqrt{12x}-3\sqrt{3x}+4\sqrt{48x}=17\)
=>\(4\sqrt{3x}-3\sqrt{3x}+16\sqrt{3x}=17\)
=>\(17\sqrt{3x}=17\)
=>\(\sqrt{3x}=1\)
=>\(x=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
a) ĐKXĐ: \(x^2-1\ge0\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{x^2-1}=t\left(t\ge0\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow t=t^2\Rightarrow t\left(t-1\right)=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=0\\t=1\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x^2-1}=0\\\sqrt{x^2-1}=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\pm1\\x=\pm\sqrt{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge2\)
Ta có: \(\sqrt{x-2}+\sqrt{x-3}\ge0\) mà \(\sqrt{x-2}+\sqrt{x-3}=-5< 0\Rightarrow\) không có x thỏa
c) \(\sqrt{x^2+4x+4}+\left|x-4\right|=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left|x+2\right|+\left|x-4\right|=0\) mà \(\left|x+2\right|+\left|x-4\right|\ge0\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+2=0\\x-4=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\) không có x thỏa