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Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacôpxki:
\(123^2=\left(m\sqrt{123-n^2}+n\sqrt{123-m^2}\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow123^2\le\left(m^2+n^2\right)\left(123-n^2+123-m^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow123^2\le\left(m^2+n^2\right)\left(2.123-m^2-n^2\right)\)
Đặt \(m^2+n^2=x\)
\(\Rightarrow123^2\le x\left(2.123-x\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-2.x.123+123^2\le0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-123\right)^2\le0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-123=0\Rightarrow x=123\)
\(\sqrt{227-30\sqrt{2}}+\sqrt{123+22\sqrt{2}}\)
=\(\sqrt{225+2.15.\sqrt{2}+2}+\sqrt{121+2.11\sqrt{2}+2}\)
=\(\sqrt{\left(15+\sqrt{2}\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(11+\sqrt{2}\right)^2}\)
=\(15+\sqrt{2}+11+\sqrt{2}\)
=\(26+2\sqrt{2}\)
Câu 2:
2) Ta có: \(M=\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}-9}{x-5\sqrt{x}+6}-\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+3}{\sqrt{x}-2}\)
\(=\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}-9}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}-\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}-9-x+9}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{-x+2\sqrt{x}}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{-\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{-\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-3}\)
Câu 2 :
Gọi : vận tốc của người đi chậm là : x (km/h) ( x > 0 )
Vận tốc của người đi nhanh : x + 4 (km/h)
Vi : người đi chậm đến muộn hơn : 45 phút \(=\dfrac{3}{4}\left(h\right)\)
Khi đó :
\(\dfrac{36}{x}-\dfrac{36}{x+4}=\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[36\cdot\left(x+4\right)-36x\right]\cdot4=3x\cdot\left(x+4\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x^2+12x-144=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=12\left(n\right)\\x=16\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
a: \(M=7\sqrt{3}+7\sqrt{2}-7\sqrt{3}-6\sqrt{2}=\sqrt{2}\)
\(N=\dfrac{x+3\sqrt{x}+2+2x-4\sqrt{x}-5\sqrt{x}-2}{\left(x-4\right)}=\dfrac{3x-6\sqrt{x}}{x-4}=\dfrac{3\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+2}\)
b: Để N=M2 thì \(3\sqrt{x}=2\sqrt{x}+4\)
hay x=16
Lời giải:
$\frac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}+4}=\frac{\sqrt{x}+4-3}{\sqrt{x}+4}=1-\frac{3}{\sqrt{x}+4}$
Vì $\sqrt{x}\geq 0$ nên $\sqrt{x}+4\geq 4$
$\Rightarrow \frac{3}{\sqrt{x}+4}\leq \frac{3}{4}$
$\Rightarrow \frac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}+4}=1-\frac{3}{\sqrt{x}+4}\geq 1-\frac{3}{4}=\frac{1}{4}$
Vậy $M=\frac{1}{4}$
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$N=\frac{\sqrt{x}+5}{\sqrt{x}+2}=1+\frac{3}{\sqrt{x}+2}$
Do $\sqrt{x}\geq 0$ nên $\sqrt{x}+2\geq 2$
$\Rightarrow \frac{3}{\sqrt{x}+2}\leq \frac{3}{2}$
$\Rightarrow \frac{\sqrt{x}+5}{\sqrt{x}+2}\leq 1+\frac{3}{2}=\frac{5}{2}$
Vậy $N=\frac{5}{2}$
$\Rightarrow 2M+N =2.\frac{1}{4}+\frac{5}{2}=3$
Đáp án C.
a) \(ĐKXĐ:\hept{\begin{cases}x\ge0\\x\ne9\end{cases}}\)
\(M=\frac{2\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+3}+\frac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-3}+\frac{3-11\sqrt{x}}{9-x}\)
\(=\frac{2\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}+\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}+\frac{11\sqrt{x}-3}{x-9}\)
\(=\frac{2x-6\sqrt{x}}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}+\frac{x+4\sqrt{x}+3}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}+\frac{11\sqrt{x}-3}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}\)
\(=\frac{2x-6\sqrt{x}+x+4\sqrt{x}+3+11\sqrt{x}-3}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}\)
\(=\frac{3x+9\sqrt{x}}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}=\frac{3\sqrt{x}.\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}=\frac{3\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-3}\)
b) Ta có: \(x=\sqrt{\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{4-2\sqrt{3}}}=\sqrt{\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{3-2\sqrt{3}+1}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)^2}}=\sqrt{\sqrt{3}-\left|\sqrt{3}-1\right|}\)
\(=\sqrt{\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{3}+1}=\sqrt{1}=1\)( thỏa mãn ĐKXĐ )
Thay \(x=1\)vào M ta được:
\(M=\frac{3\sqrt{1}}{\sqrt{1}-3}=\frac{3}{1-3}=\frac{-3}{2}\)
c) \(M=\frac{3\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-3}=\frac{3\sqrt{x}-9+9}{\sqrt{x}-3}=\frac{3\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)+9}{\sqrt{x}-3}=3+\frac{9}{\sqrt{x}-3}\)
Vì \(x\inℕ\)\(\Rightarrow\)Để M là số tự nhiên thì \(\frac{9}{\sqrt{x}-3}\inℕ\)
\(\Rightarrow9⋮\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\)\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}-3\inƯ\left(9\right)\)(1)
Vì \(x\ge0\)\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}\ge0\)\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}-3\ge-3\)(2)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}-3\in\left\{-3;-1;1;3;9\right\}\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}\in\left\{0;2;4;6;12\right\}\)\(\Rightarrow x\in\left\{0;4;16;36;144\right\}\)( thỏa mãn ĐKXĐ )
Thử lại với \(x=4\)ta thấy M không là số tự nhiên
Vậy \(x\in\left\{0;16;36;144\right\}\)
\(\sqrt{227-30\sqrt{2}}+\sqrt{123+22\sqrt{2}}=\sqrt{225-30\sqrt{2}+2}+\sqrt{121+22\sqrt{2}+2}=\sqrt{15^2-15.2.\sqrt{2}+\left(\sqrt{2}\right)^2}+\sqrt{11^2+11.2\sqrt{2}+\left(\sqrt{2}\right)^2}=\sqrt{\left(15-\sqrt{2}\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(11+\sqrt{2}\right)^2}=15-\sqrt{2}+11+\sqrt{2}\left(do:15-\sqrt{2}>0;11+\sqrt{2}>0\right)=26\)
Lời giải:
a. ĐKXĐ: $x>0; x\neq 4$
\(M=\frac{x}{\sqrt{x}(\sqrt{x}-2)}-\frac{4\sqrt{x}-4}{\sqrt{x}(\sqrt{x}-2)}=\frac{x-(4\sqrt{x}-4)}{\sqrt{x}(\sqrt{x}-2)}=\frac{x-4\sqrt{x}+4}{\sqrt{x}(\sqrt{x}-2)}=\frac{(\sqrt{x}-2)^2}{\sqrt{x}(\sqrt{x}-2)}=\frac{\sqrt{x}-2}{\sqrt{x}}\)
b.
\(x=3+2\sqrt{2}=(\sqrt{2}+1)^2\Rightarrow \sqrt{x}=\sqrt{2}+1\)
\(M=\frac{\sqrt{x}-2}{\sqrt{x}}=\frac{\sqrt{2}+1-2}{\sqrt{2}+1}=3-2\sqrt{2}\)
c.
$M>0\Leftrightarrow \frac{\sqrt{x}-2}{\sqrt{x}}>0$
$\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{x}-2>0$
$\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{x}>2\Leftrightarrow x>4$
Kết hợp đkxđ suy ra $x>4$
Lời giải:
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxky và Cauchy ngược dấu ta có:
\((m\sqrt{123-n^2}+n\sqrt{123-m^2})^2\leq (m^2+n^2)(123-n^2+123-m^2)\leq \left(\frac{m^2+n^2+123-n^2+123-m^2}{2}\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (m\sqrt{123-n^2}+n\sqrt{123-m^2})^2\leq 123^2\)
\(\Rightarrow m\sqrt{123-n^2}+n\sqrt{123-m^2}\leq 123\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left\{\begin{matrix} \frac{m}{\sqrt{123-n^2}}=\frac{n}{\sqrt{123-m^2}}\\ m^2+n^2=123-n^2+123-m^2(1)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Từ (1) \(\Rightarrow m^2+n^2=123\)