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a) \(n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{20,4}{102}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 4Al + 3O2 --to--> 2Al2O3
0,4<--0,3<---------0,2
=> mAl = 0,4.27 = 10,8(g)
b) C1: VO2 = 0,3.22,4 = 6,72(l)
C2: Theo ĐLBTKL: mO2 = 20,4 - 10,8 = 9,6(g)
=> \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{9,6}{32}=0,3\left(mol\right)=>V_{O_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
c) Vkk = 6,72 : 20% = 33,6(l)
a. Ag không phản ứng nên ta có PTHH: \(2Mg+O_2\rightarrow^{t^o}2MgO\)
\(\rightarrow m_{O_2}=m_{hh}-m_{\mu\text{ối}}=18,8-15,6=3,2g\)
\(\rightarrow n_{O_2}=\frac{3,2}{32}=0,1mol\)
b. \(\rightarrow V_{O_2}=n.22,4=22,4.0,1=2,24l\)
\(\rightarrow V_{kk}=4,48.5=11,2l\)
c. Có \(n_{Mg}=2n_{O_2}=0,2l\)
\(\rightarrow m_{Mg}=0,2.24=4,8g\)
\(\rightarrow\%m_{Mg}=\frac{4,8.100}{15,6}\approx30,77\%\)
\(\rightarrow\%m_{Ag}=100\%-30,77\%=69,23\%\)
a, \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Al_2O_3\)
Theo PT: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{3}{4}n_{Al}=0,15\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=0,15.24,79=3,7185\left(l\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{kk}=\dfrac{V_{O_2}}{20\%}=18,5925\left(l\right)\)
b, Theo PT: \(n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Al}=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{Al_2O_3}=0,1.102=10,2\left(g\right)\)
PT: \(3Fe+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Fe_3O_4\)
_____0,9___0,6______0,3 (mol)
a, \(V_{O_2}=0,6.22,4=13,44\left(l\right)\)
b, \(m_{Fe}=0,9.56=50,4\left(g\right)\)
c, \(V_{kk}=\dfrac{V_{O_2}}{20\%}=67,2\left(l\right)\)
\(n_{P_2O_5}=\dfrac{21,3}{142}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 4P + 5O2 --to--> 2P2O5
0,3 0,375 0,15
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_P=0,3.31=9,3\left(g\right)\\V_{O_2}=0,375.22,4=8,4\left(l\right)\\V_{kk}=8,4.5=42\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
PTHH: 2KClO3 --to--> 2KCl + 3O2
0,25 0,375
=> mKClO3 = 0,25.122,5 = 30,625 (g)
\(nP_2O_5=\dfrac{21,3}{142}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(pthh:4P+5O_2-t^o->2P_2O_5\)
0,3 0,375 0,15
=> \(m_P=0,3.31=9,3\left(g\right)\)
=>\(V_{O_2}=0,375.22,4=8,4\left(L\right)=>V_{KK}=8,4:20\%=42\left(L\right)\)
\(pthh:2KMnO_4-t^o->K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\)
0,75 0,75
=> mKMnO4 = 0,75 . 158 = 118,5 (G)
\(m_{Al}=27,8.19,2\%=5,4\left(g\right)\\ m_{Fe}=27,8-5,4=22,4\left(g\right)\\ \rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=\dfrac{22,4}{56}=0,4\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
PTHH:
4Al + 3O2 --to--> 2Al2O3
0,2-->0,15------->0,1
3Fe + 2O2 --to--> Fe3O4
0,4-->4/15--------->2/15
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}V_{kk}=\left(0,15+\dfrac{4}{15}\right).22,4.5=\dfrac{140}{3}\left(l\right)\\m_{Cran}=0,1.102+\dfrac{2}{15}.232=\dfrac{617}{15}\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
mAl=27,8.19,42%=5,4g
⇒nAl=\(\dfrac{5,4}{27}\)=0,2mol
⇒nFe=\(\dfrac{27,8-5,4}{56}\)=0,4mol
4Al+3O2to→2Al2O34
3Fe+2O2to→Fe3O4
⇒nO2=\(\dfrac{3}{4}\)nAl+\(\dfrac{2}{3}\)nFe=\(\dfrac{5}{12}\)mol
⇒Vkk=\(\dfrac{5}{12}\).22,4.5=46,67l
b,
mrắn=27,8+mO2=27,8+\(\dfrac{5}{12}\)32=41,1g
a)
4Al + 3O2 --to--> 2Al2O3
2Mg + O2 --to--> 2MgO
b) Gọi số mol Al, Mg là a, b (mol)
=> 27a + 24b = 7,8 (1)
PTHH: 4Al + 3O2 --to--> 2Al2O3
a--->0,75a----->0,5a
2Mg + O2 --to--> 2MgO
b--->0,5b------->b
=> 102.0,5a + 40b = 14,2
=> 51a + 40b = 14,2 (2)
(1)(2) => a = 0,2 (mol); b = 0,1 (mol)
nO2 = 0,75a + 0,5b = 0,2 (mol)
=> VO2 = 0,2.22,4 = 4,48 (l)
=> Vkk = 4,48 : 20% = 22,4 (l)
c)
mAl = 0,2.27 = 5,4 (g)
mMg = 0,1.24 = 2,4 (g)
a)
4Al + 3O2 --to--> 2Al2O3
2Mg + O2 --to--> 2MgO
b) Gọi số mol Al, Mg là a, b (mol)
=> 27a + 24b = 7,8 (1)
PTHH: 4Al + 3O2 --to--> 2Al2O3
a--->0,75a----->0,5a
2Mg + O2 --to--> 2MgO
b--->0,5b------->b
=> 102.0,5a + 40b = 14,2
=> 51a + 40b = 14,2 (2)
(1)(2) => a = 0,2 (mol); b = 0,1 (mol)
nO2 = 0,75a + 0,5b = 0,2 (mol)
=> VO2 = 0,2.22,4 = 4,48 (l)
=> Vkk = 4,48 : 20% = 22,4 (l)
c)
mAl = 0,2.27 = 5,4 (g)
mMg = 0,1.24 = 2,4 (g)
\(n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{10,2}{102}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:4Al+3O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2Al_2O_3\\ n_{Al}=\dfrac{4}{2}.n_{Al_2O_3}=2.0,1=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow x=m_{Al}=27.0,2=5,4\left(g\right)\\ b,n_{O_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}.0,1=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ V_{O_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,15.24,79=3,7185\left(l\right)\\ V_{kk\left(đktc\right)}=\dfrac{100}{20}.3,7185=18,5925\left(l\right)\)
a) \(n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{10,2}{102}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 4Al + 3O2 --to--> 2Al2O3
0,2<---0,15<------0,1
=> X = 0,2.27 = 5,4 (g)
b) VO2 = 0,15.24,79 = 3,7185 (l)
=> Vkk = 3,7185:20% = 18,5925(l)