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![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a, \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2O}=\dfrac{3,6}{18}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Vì: nH2O > nCO2 → X là ankan.
Ta có: nX = 0,2 - 0,15 = 0,05 (mol)
Gọi CTPT của X là CnH2n+2
\(\Rightarrow n=\dfrac{n_{CO_2}}{n_X}=3\)
→ CTPT của X là C3H8.
CTCT: CH3-CH2-CH3. Tên gọi: propan.
b, - Thu 2 sản phẩm thế monoclo.
PT: \(CH_3-CH_2-CH_3+Cl_2\underrightarrow{as}\left[{}\begin{matrix}CH_2Cl-CH_2-CH_3\\CH_3-CHCl-CH_3\end{matrix}\right.\) \(+HCl\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(n_{CO_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_C=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ n_{H_2O}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_H=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ n_O=\dfrac{4,4-\left(0,2.12+0,4.1\right)}{16}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ĐặtCTPTandehitlà:C_xH_yO_z\\ Tacó:x:y:z=0,2:0,4:0,1=2:4:1\\ VậyCTPTandehitlà:C_2H_4O\left(CH_3CHO\right) \)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
nCO2=8,96/22,4=0,4 mol
=> nC=nCO2=0,4 mol
mC=0,4.12=4,8g
=> mH=5,8-4,8=1g
nH=1 mol -> nH2O=0,5
nH=0,5 mol
Pt: CnH2n+2 + (3n+1/2)O2-> nCO2 + (n+1)H2O
0,4 0,5 mol
=> n/0,4=n+1/0,5 -> n=4
Vậy cthh cần tìm là C4H10
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a) CTHH: CnH2n+2
\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
Bảo toàn C: n.nCnH2n+2 = 0,15
=> \(n_{C_nH_{2n+2}}=\dfrac{0,15}{n}\)
PTHH: CnH2n+2 + \(\dfrac{3n+1}{2}\)O2 --to--> nCO2 + (n+1)H2O
_____\(\dfrac{0,15}{n}\)--->\(\dfrac{0,15}{n}.\dfrac{3n+1}{2}\)
=> \(\dfrac{0,15}{n}.\dfrac{3n+1}{2}=\dfrac{5,32}{22,4}=0,2375\)
=> n = 6
CTHH: C6H14
PTHH: 2C6H14 + 19O2 --to--> 12CO2 + 14H2O
______0,025<---------------------0,15----->0,175
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{C_6H_{14}}=0,025.86=2,15\left(g\right)\\m_{H_2O}=0,175.18=3,15\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) CTCT
PTHH: CH3-CH2-CH(CH3)-CH2-CH3 + Br2 --> CH3-CH2-CBr(CH3)-CH2-CH3 + HBr
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
1)
\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
=> nC = 0,2 (mol)
Số nguyên tử C = \(\dfrac{0,2}{0,1}=2\) (nguyên tử)
\(n_{H_2O}=\dfrac{3,6}{18}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
=> nH = 0,4 (mol)
Số nguyên tử H = \(\dfrac{0,4}{0,1}=4\) (nguyên tử)
CTPT: C2H4
CTCT: \(CH_2=CH_2\) (etilen)
2)
a) Khí thoát ra là C2H4
\(\%V_{C_2H_4}=\dfrac{0,84}{3,36}.100\%=25\%\)
b)
PTHH: \(CH\equiv CH+2AgNO_3+2NH_3\rightarrow CAg\equiv CAg\downarrow+2NH_4NO_3\)
\(n_{C_2H_2}=\dfrac{3,36-0,84}{22,4}=0,1125\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(n_{C_2Ag_2}=0,1125\left(mol\right)\)
=> m = 0,1125.240 = 27 (g)
1)
\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
=> nC = 0,2 (mol)
Số nguyên tử C = \(\dfrac{0,2}{0,1}=2\) (nguyên tử)
\(n_{H_2O}=\dfrac{3,6}{18}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
=> nH = 0,4 (mol)
Số nguyên tử H = \(\dfrac{0,4}{0,1}=4\) (nguyên tử)
CTPT: C2H4
CTCT: \(CH_2=CH_2\) (etilen)
2)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(n_{H_2O} = \dfrac{9}{18} = 0,5(mol)\\ n_{CO_2} = \dfrac{8,96}{22,4} = 0,4(mol)\\ \Rightarrow n_X = n_{H_2O} - n_{CO_2}= 0,5 - 0,4 = 0,1(mol)\\ X\ :\ C_nH_{2n+2}(n \geq 1)\\ n = \dfrac{n_{CO_2}}{n_X} = \dfrac{0,4}{0,1} = 4\\ \Rightarrow CTPT\ X\ : C_4H_{10}\)
CTCT :
\(CH_3-CH_2-CH_2-CH_3 : butan\\ CH_3-CH(CH_3)-CH_3 : 2-metylpropan\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
X : CnH2n+2
\(n_{CO_2} = \dfrac{5,6}{22,4} = 0,25(mol)\\ \Rightarrow n_X = \dfrac{0,25}{n}(mol)\\ \Rightarrow M_X = 14n + 2 = \dfrac{3,6}{\dfrac{0,25}{n}} = 14,4n\\ \Rightarrow n = 5\)
Vậy CTPT của X: C5H12
CTCT :
\(CH_3-CH_2-CH_2-CH_2-CH_3\ : pentan\\ CH_3-CH(CH_3)-CH_2-CH_3 : 2-metylbutan\\ CH_3-C(CH_3)_2-CH_3 : 2,2-đimetylpropan\\ \)
a)
\(n_{CO_2} = \dfrac{3,36}{22,4} = 0,15(mol)\\ n_{H_2O} = \dfrac{3,6}{18} = 0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow n_A = 0,2 - 0,15 = 0,05(mol)\)
Số nguyên tử Cacbon = \(\dfrac{n_{CO_2}}{n_A} = \dfrac{0,15}{0,05} = 3\)
Vậy A là \(C_3H_8\)
b) a = 0,05.44 = 2,2(gam)
c)
\(CH_3-CH_2-CH_3 + Cl_2 \xrightarrow{as} CH_3-CHCl-CH_3 + HCl\\ CH_3-CH_2-CH_3 + Cl_2 \xrightarrow{as} CH_2Cl-CH_2-CH_3 + HCl\)