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Gọi x,y là số mol của Al , Mg
a.2Al + 3H2SO4 ----> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
x _______________________ 3/2x
4Mg + 5H2SO4 ---> 4MgSO4 + H2
y______________________ 1/4y
b. Số mol của H2 là
\(^nh2=\)\(\dfrac{V}{22,4}\) = \(\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}\) = 0,4 (mol)
\(\dfrac{3}{2}\)x + \(\dfrac{1}{4}\)y = 0,4 ⇒ x = 0,195
27x + 24y =15,6 y= 0,43
\(^mAl=\) 0,195 . 27 = 5,265 (g)
\(^mMg=\) 0,43 . 24 = 10,32 (g)
%\(^mAl\) = \(\dfrac{5,256.100\%}{15,6}\)= 33,.75%
\(^{\%m}Mg=\)100% - 33,75% = 66,25%
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{5.6}{22.4}=0.25\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{10.08}{22.4}=0.45\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{Fe}=a\left(mol\right),n_{Al}=b\left(mol\right)\)
\(3Fe+2O_2\underrightarrow{^{^{t^0}}}Fe_3O_4\)
\(a.......\dfrac{2a}{3}\)
\(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{^{^{t^0}}}2Al_2O_3\)
\(b.......\dfrac{3b}{4}\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{2a}{3}+\dfrac{3b}{4}=0.25\left(mol\right)\left(1\right)\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
\(n_{H_2}=a+1.5b=0.45\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)
\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right):a=0.15,b=0.2\)
\(m_{Fe}=0.15\cdot56=8.4\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Al}=0.2\cdot27=5.4\left(g\right)\)
\(\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{8.4}{8.4+5.4}\cdot100\%=60.8\%\)
\(\%m_{Al}=100-60.8=39.2\%\)
Gọi số mol Fe là x
số mol Mg là y
Số mol oxi là:
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{0,56}{22,4}=0,025\left(mol\right)\)
\(3Fe+2O_2\rightarrow Fe_3O_4\\ x.....\dfrac{2}{3}x\)
\(2Mg+O_2\rightarrow2MgO\\ y.....\dfrac{y}{2}\)
Ta có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56x+24y=1,92\\\dfrac{2}{3}x+\dfrac{y}{2}=0,025\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56x+24y=1,92\\84\left(\dfrac{2}{3}x+\dfrac{y}{2}\right)=2,1\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56x+24y=1,92\\56x+42y=2,1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow18y=0.18\Leftrightarrow y=0,01\left(mol\right)\)
Khối lượng magie trong hỗn hợp là:
\(m_{Mg}=0,01.24=0,24\left(g\right)\)
\(\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,24}{1,92}.100=12.5\%\Rightarrow\%m_{Fe}=87,5\%\)
Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=x\left(mol\right)\\x_{Ca}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24x+40y=17,6\\x=2y\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,4\\y=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)
a)\(m_{Mg}=0,4\cdot24=9,6g\)
\(m_{Ca}=0,2\cdot40=8g\)
b)\(2Mg+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2MgO\)
\(2Ca+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2CaO\)
Từ hai pt: \(\Rightarrow\Sigma n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Mg}+\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Ca}=\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot0,4+\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot0,2=0,3mol\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{O_2}=0,3\cdot32=9,6g\)
\(V_{O_2}=0,3\cdot22,4=6,72l\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{kk}=5V_{O_2}=5\cdot6,72=33,6l\)
a)
Có \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24.n_{Mg}+40.n_{Ca}=17,6\\n_{Mg}=2.n_{Ca}\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Ca}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{Mg}=0,4\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Ca}=0,2.40=8\left(g\right)\\m_{Mg}=0,4.24=9,6\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
b)
PTHH: 2Ca + O2 --to--> 2CaO
0,2-->0,1
2Mg + O2 --to--> 2MgO
0,4--->0,2
=> \(V_{O_2}=\left(0,1+0,2\right).22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
\(V_{kk}=6,72.5=33,6\left(l\right)\)
PTHH: \(2Mg+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2MgO\) (1)
\(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Al_2O_3\) (2)
a) Gọi số mol của Mg là a (mol) \(\Rightarrow n_{Al}=\dfrac{2}{3}a\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow24a+27\cdot\dfrac{2}{3}a=6,3\) \(\Rightarrow a=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{MgO}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al_2O_3}=0,05\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{MgO}=0,15\cdot40=6\left(g\right)\\m_{Al_2O_3}=0,05\cdot102=5,1\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) Theo các PTHH: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{O_2\left(1\right)}=0,075\left(mol\right)\\n_{O_2\left(2\right)}=0,075\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\Sigma n_{O_2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=0,15\cdot22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\)
\(m_{tăng}=m_{O_2}=7.2\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{7.2}{32}=0.225\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{kk}=5V_{O_2}=5\cdot0.225\cdot22.4=25.2\left(l\right)\)
\(Đặt:n_{Mg}a\left(mol\right),n_{Cu}=b\left(mol\right),n_{Al}=c\left(mol\right)\)
\(Mg+\dfrac{1}{2}O_2\underrightarrow{t^0}MgO\)
\(Cu+\dfrac{1}{2}O_2\underrightarrow{t^0}CuO\)
\(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^0}2Al_2O_3\)
\(TC:n_{O_2}=0.5a=0.5b=0.75c=\dfrac{0.225}{3}=0.075\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0.15\\b=0.15\\c=0.1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Mg}=0.15\cdot24=3.6\left(g\right)\\m_{Cu}=0.15\cdot64=9.6\left(g\right)\\m_{Al}=0.1\cdot27=2.7\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Gọi số mol Al, Na trong a gam hỗn hợp là x, y (mol)
=> 27x + 23y = a (1)
PTHH: 4Al + 3O2 --to--> 2Al2O3
x---------------->0,5x
4Na + O2 --to--> 2Na2O
y---------------->0,5y
=> 102.0,5x + 62.0,5y = 1,64.a
=> 51x + 31y = 1,64a (2)
(1)(2) => 51x + 31y = 1,64(27x + 23y)
=> 6,72x = 6,72y
=> x = y
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{27x}{27x+23y}.100\%=54\%\\\%m_{Na}=\dfrac{23y}{27x+23y}.100\%=46\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{H2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
Pt : \(2Zn+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2ZnO|\)
2 1 2
a 0,5b 0,2
\(2Mg+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2MgO|\)
2 1 2
b 0,5b 0,1
a) Gọi a là số mol của Zn
b là số mol của Mg
\(m_{Zn}+m_{Mg}=15,4\left(g\right)\)
⇒ \(n_{Zn}.M_{Zn}+n_{Mg}.M_{Mg}=15,4g\)
⇒ 65a + 24b = 15,4g (1)
Theo phương trình : 0,5a + 0,5b = 0,15 (2)
65a + 24b = 15,4g
0,5a + 0,5b = 0,15
⇒ \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,2\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(m_{Zn}=0,2.65=13\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Mg}=01.24=2,4\left(g\right)\)
b) Có : \(n_{ZnO}=\dfrac{0,2.2}{2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{ZnO}=0,2.81=16,2\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{MgO}=\dfrac{0,1.2}{2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{MgO}=0,1.40=4\left(g\right)\)
Chúc bạn học tốt
Mình xin lỗi bạn nhé , bạn sửa chỗ ' nH2 ' thành ' nO2 ' giúp mình
a+b) 2Zn+O2--->2ZnO
x------1/2x--------x
4Al+3O2---->2Al2O3
y--------0,75y----0,5y
Ta có
n O2=8,96/22,4=0,4(mol)
Ta có hệ pt
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}65x+27y=23,8\\0,5x+0,75y=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,2\\y=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\)
%m Zn=0,2.65/23,8.100%=55%
%m Al=100-55=45%
c)m ZnO=0,2.81=16,2(g)
m Al2O3=102.0,2=20,4(g)
%m ZnO=\(\frac{16,2}{16,2+10,4}.100\%=44\%\)
%m Al2O3=100-44=64%