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![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a)
Dung dịch X gồm $Ca(OH)_2,Ba(OH)_2$ làm đổi màu quỳ tím chuyển màu xanh.
b)
$Ca + 2H_2O \to Ca(OH)_2 + H_2$
$Ba + 2H_2O \to Ba(OH)_2 + H_2$
Gọi $n_{Ca} = a ; n_{Ba} = b$
Ta có :
$m_{hh} = 40a + 137b = 17,7(gam)$
$n_{H_2} = a + b = 0,2(mol)$
Suy ra a = b = 0,1
$\%m_{Ca} = \dfrac{0,1.40}{17,7}.100\% = 22,6\%$
$\%m_{Ba} = 100\%-22,6\% = 77,4\%$
c)
$n_{Ca(OH)_2} = n_{Ba(OH)_2} = a = b = 0,1(mol)$
$m_{Ca(OH)_2} = 0,1.74 = 7,4(gam)$
$m_{Ba(OH)_2} = 0,1.171 = 17,1(gam)$
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(a,n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2mol\\
Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\
n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=0,2mol\\
m_{Fe}=0,2.56=11,2g\\
m_{Cu}=25-11,2=13,8g\\
b,\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{11,2}{25}\cdot100=44,8\%\\
\%m_{Cu}=100-44,8=55,2\%\)
c, Gọi CTHH của sắt là \(Fe_xO_y\)
\(Fe_xO_y+yH_2\xrightarrow[t^0]{}xFe+yH_2O\\ \Rightarrow n_{Fe_xO_y}=n_{H_2}:y\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{11,6}{56x+16y}=\dfrac{0,2}{y}\\ \Leftrightarrow11,6y=11,2x+3,2y\\ \Leftrightarrow11,6y-3,2y=11,2x\\ \Leftrightarrow8,4y=11,2x\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x}{y}=\dfrac{8,4}{11,2}=\dfrac{3}{4}\\ \Rightarrow x=3;y=4\\ \Rightarrow CTHH:Fe_3O_4\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2
\(a,\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,2.56}{20}.100\%=56\%\)
\(\%m_{Cu}=100\%-56\%=44\%\)
\(b,C_{M\left(H_2SO_4\right)}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,1}=2\left(M\right)\)
\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
\(1\) \(1\) \(1\)
\(0,2\) \(0,2\) \(0,2\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{V}{22,4}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{Fe}=n.M=0,2.56=11,2\left(g\right)\)
\(^0/_0Fe=\dfrac{11,2}{20}.100^0/_0=56^0/_0\)
\(^0/_0Cu=100^0/_0-56^0/_0=44^0/_0\)
\(C_{M_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{n}{V_{dd}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,1}=2M\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a) PTHH: 2Al + 3H2SO4 --> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
b) \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,672}{22,4}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Al + 3H2SO4 --> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
_____0,02<---0,03<---------------------0,03
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%Al=\dfrac{0,02.27}{2,16}.100\%=25\%\\\%Cu=100\%-25\%=75\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
c) mH2SO4 = 0,03.98 = 2,94 (g)
=> \(C\%\left(H_2SO_4\right)=\dfrac{2,94}{200}.100\%=1,47\%\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,224}{22,4}=0,01\left(mol\right)\)
Pt : \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2|\)
1 2 1 1
0,01 0,02 0,01
a) \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,01.1}{1}=0,01\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{Fe}=0,01.56=0,56\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Cu}=1,2-0,56=0,64\left(g\right)\)
0/0Fe = \(\dfrac{0,56.100}{1,2}=46,67\)0/0
0/0Cu = \(\dfrac{0,64.100}{1,2}=53,33\)0/0
b) \(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,01.2}{1}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{HCl}=0,02.36,5=0,73\left(g\right)\)
\(C_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,73.100}{10}=7,3\)0/0
Chúc bạn học tốt
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a) Do Cu không tác dụng với dd HCl nên được đem đi đốt trong không khí thu được CuO (Chất rắn Y)
nCuO=\(\dfrac{2,75}{80}=\text{0,034375}\) (mol)
2Cu + O2 -----to----> 2CuO
0,034375------------->0,034375(mol)
=> m Cu=0,034375.64 = 2,2(g)
=>mMg+Al =10 - 2,2 = 7,8(g)
Gọi a,b lần lượt là số mol của Mg,Al:
Mg+2HCl \(\rightarrow\) MgCl2+H2
a------2a------------------>a(mol)
2Al+6HCl \(\rightarrow\) 2AlCl3+3H2
b------3b----------------->1,5b(mol)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+1,5b=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}\\24a+27b=7,8\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> a=0,1 , b=0,2
\(\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,1.24}{10}.100=24\%\)
\(\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,2.27}{10}.100=54\%\)
\(\%m_{Cu}=\dfrac{2,2}{10}.100=22\%\)
b) \(n_{HCl}=2a+3b=2.0,1+3.0,2=0,8\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{HCl}=0,8.1=0,8\left(l\right)\)
c)\(n_{HCl}=0,8\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{Cl^-}=0,8\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{muói}=m_{kl}+m_{Cl^-}=7,8+0,8.35,5=36,2\left(g\right)\)