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Gọi n là hóa trị của M
Phản ứng xảy ra:
4M+nO2→2M2On
Giả sử số mol M là 1 mol.
→nM2On=1/2nM=0,5 mol
→mM=m=1M(M)=M(M)gam
mM2On=0,5.(2MM+16MO)=0,5(2MM+16n)=MM+8n=1,25m
→MM+8n=1,25MM→MM=32n→n=2→MM=64→M:Cu(Đồng)
Hòa tan oxit
CuO+H2SO4→CuSO4+H2O
Ta có:
mH2SO4=200.19,6%=39,2 gam
→nH2SO4=39,298=0,4 mol = nCuO=nCuSO4
→mCuO=0,4.(64+16)=32 gam;mCuSO4=0,4.(64+96)=64 gam
Áp dụng định luật bảo toàn khối lượng:
mddX=mCuO+mddH2SO4=200+32=232 gam
→C%CuSO4=64232=27,5862%
chúc bạn học tốt
Gọi n là hóa trị của M Phản ứng xảy ra: 4M+nO2→2M2On
Giả sử số mol M là 1 mol.
→nM2On=1/2nM=0,5 mol →mM=m=1M(M)=M(M)gam
mM2On=0,5.(2MM+16MO)=0,5(2MM+16n)=MM+8n=1,25m →MM+8n=1,25MM→MM=32n→n=2→MM=64→M:Cu(Đồng)
a, PT: \(R_2O_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow R_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2O\)
Ta có: \(m_{H_2SO_4}=168.35\%=58,8\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{58,8}{98}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{R_2O_3}=\dfrac{1}{3}n_{H_2SO_4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow M_{R_2O_3}=\dfrac{32}{0,2}=160=2M_R+16.3\Rightarrow M_R=56\left(g/mol\right)\)
→ R là Fe.
b, Ta có: m dd sau pư = mFe2O3 + m dd H2SO4 = 32 + 168 = 200 (g)
Ta có: \(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{32}{160}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=n_{Fe_2O_3}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{0,2.400}{200}.100\%=40\%\)
c, Ta có: \(n_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3.10H_2O}=n_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3.10H_2O}=0,2.580=116\left(g\right)\)
mO = 5,96 - 4,04 = 1,92 (g)
=> \(n_O=\dfrac{1,92}{16}=0,12\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(n_{H_2O}=0,12\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(n_{HCl}=0,24\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,24}{2}=0,12\left(l\right)\)
PTHH: \(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)
\(H_2+\dfrac{1}{2}O_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}H_2O\)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,896}{22,4}=0,04\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe}=0,04\left(mol\right)=n_{H_2SO_4}\\n_{O_2}=0,02\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe}=0,04\cdot56=2,24\left(g\right)\\C_{M_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,04}{0,5}=0,08\left(M\right)\\V_{O_2}=0,02\cdot22,4=0,448\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bài 2:
\(PTHH:Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\ n_{H_2}=\dfrac{10,08}{22,4}=0,45\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=0,45\left(mol\right);n_{HCl}=2.0,45=0,9\left(mol\right)\\ a,m_{Fe}=0,45.56=25,2\left(g\right)\\ b,C_{MddHCl}=\dfrac{0,9}{0,15}=6\left(M\right)\)
nCH3COOH=48/60=0,8 mol
2CH3COOH + Fe --> (CH3COO)2Fe + H2
0,8 0,4 0,4 mol
=>m(CH3COO)2Fe=0,4*174=69,6 g
2H2 +O2 --> 2H2O
0,4 0,2 mol
=>VO2=0,2*22,4=4,48 lít
=> V không khí =4,48*5=22,4 lít
PT: \(2CH_3COOH+Fe\rightarrow\left(CH_3COO\right)_2Fe+H_2\)
a, Ta có: \(n_{CH_3COOH}=\dfrac{4,8}{60}=0,08\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{\left(CH_3COO\right)_2Fe}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{CH_3COOH}=0,04\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{\left(CH_3COO\right)_2Fe}=0,04.174=6,96\left(g\right)\)
b, Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{CH_3COOH}=0,04\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(2H_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2H_2O\)
___0,04__0,02 (mol)
\(\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=0,02.22,4=0,448\left(l\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{kk}=0,448.5=2,24\left(l\right)\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
a, PT: \(4M+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2M_2O_3\)
Ta có: \(n_M=\dfrac{10,8}{M_M}\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{M_2O_3}=\dfrac{20,4}{2M_M+16.3}\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_M=2n_{M_2O_3}\Rightarrow\dfrac{10,8}{M_M}=2.\dfrac{20,4}{2M_M+16.3}\)
\(\Rightarrow M_M=27\left(g/mol\right)\)
→ M là Nhôm (Al)
b, Ta có: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{10,8}{27}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{3}{4}n_{Al}=0,3\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{kk}=\dfrac{V_{O_2}}{20\%}=33,6\left(l\right)\)
c, PT: \(Al_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2O\)
\(n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Al}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=6n_{Al_2O_3}=1,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{1,2}{2}=0,6\left(l\right)\)
d, PT: \(Al_2O_3+2NaOH\rightarrow2NaAlO_2+H_2O\)
Theo PT: \(n_{NaOH}=2n_{Al_2O_3}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{NaOH}=0,4.40=16\left(g\right)\Rightarrow m_{ddNaOH}=\dfrac{16}{25\%}=64\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{ddNaOH}=\dfrac{64}{1,25}=51,2\left(ml\right)\)