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\( \dfrac{ 1 }{ \sqrt{ x \phantom{\tiny{!}}} -3 } + \dfrac{ 4 }{ \sqrt{ x \phantom{\tiny{!}}} +3 } - \dfrac{ 9- \sqrt{ x \phantom{\tiny{!}}} }{ x-9 } \)(ĐKXĐ: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x>=0\\x< >9\end{matrix}\right.\))
\(=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}-3}+\dfrac{4}{\sqrt{x}+3}+\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-9}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+3+4\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)+\sqrt{x}-9}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\cdot\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}-6+4\sqrt{x}-12}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}=\dfrac{6\sqrt{x}-18}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}\)
\(=6\cdot\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}=\dfrac{6}{\sqrt{x}+3}\)
Lời giải:
Xét tử thức:
\(\frac{x-\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-1}-\frac{\sqrt{x}+1}{x+\sqrt{x}}=\frac{\sqrt{x}(\sqrt{x}-1)}{\sqrt{x}-1}-\frac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}(\sqrt{x}+1)}=\sqrt{x}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}=\frac{x-1}{\sqrt{x}}\)
\(\Rightarrow C=\frac{x-1}{\sqrt{x}}: \frac{\sqrt{x}+1}{x}=\frac{(\sqrt{x}-1)(\sqrt{x}+1)}{\sqrt{x}}.\frac{x}{\sqrt{x}+1}=\sqrt{x}(\sqrt{x}-1)\)
\( \left( \dfrac{ 1 }{ \sqrt{ x \phantom{\tiny{!}}} -1 } - \dfrac{ 1 }{ \sqrt{ x \phantom{\tiny{!}}} } \right) \left( \dfrac{ \sqrt{ x \phantom{\tiny{!}}} +1 }{ \sqrt{ x \phantom{\tiny{!}}} -2 } - \dfrac{ \sqrt{ x \phantom{\tiny{!}}} +2 }{ \sqrt{ x \phantom{\tiny{!}}} -1 } \right) \)
\(=\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}-\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}\right)\left(\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}-\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}\left(\dfrac{x-1}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}-\dfrac{x-4}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}.\dfrac{3}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2}\)
Ta có: \(\sqrt{48-2\sqrt{135}}-\sqrt{45}+\sqrt{18}\)
\(=\sqrt{45-2\cdot\sqrt{45}\cdot\sqrt{3}+3}-\sqrt{45}+\sqrt{18}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{45}-\sqrt{3}\right)^2}-\sqrt{45}+\sqrt{18}\)
\(=\sqrt{45}-\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{45}+\sqrt{18}\)
\(=\sqrt{18}-\sqrt{3}\)
a) Ta có: \(P=\left[\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{y}}\right)\cdot\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}+\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right]:\dfrac{\sqrt{x^3}+y\sqrt{x}+x\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{y^3}}{\sqrt{x^3y}+\sqrt{xy^3}}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{xy}}+\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right):\dfrac{x\sqrt{x}+y\sqrt{x}+x\sqrt{y}+y\sqrt{y}}{x\sqrt{xy}+y\sqrt{xy}}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{x+2\sqrt{xy}+y}{xy}\right):\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)}{\sqrt{xy}\left(x+y\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)^2}{xy}\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{xy}}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}{\sqrt{xy}}\)
a) Đk:\(x>0;y>0\)
\(P=\left[\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}{\sqrt{x}.\sqrt{y}}.\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}+\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right]:\dfrac{x\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)+y\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)}{x\sqrt{xy}+y\sqrt{xy}}\)
\(=\left[\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{xy}}+\dfrac{x+y}{xy}\right]:\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)}{\sqrt{xy}\left(x+y\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{2\sqrt{xy}+x+y}{xy}:\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)}{\sqrt{xy}}\)\(=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)^2}{xy}.\dfrac{\sqrt{xy}}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}{\sqrt{xy}}\)
b) \(xy=16\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{16}{y}\)
\(P=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}{\sqrt{xy}}=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{y}}=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{\dfrac{16}{y}}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{y}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{y}}{4}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{y}}\)
Áp dụng AM-GM có:
\(\dfrac{\sqrt{y}}{4}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{y}}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{\sqrt{y}}{4}.\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{y}}}=1\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(y=4\Rightarrow x=4\)
Vậy x=y=4 thì P đạt GTNN là 1
