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1 You sent me a present. Thank you very much for it. (Thank you very much/or...)
Thank you very much for present which you sent me
2 She was dancing with a student. He had a slight limp. (two ways)
She was dancing with a student who had a slight limp.
3 I am looking after some children. They are terribly spoilt, (two ways)
I am looking after some children who are terribly spoilt
4 The bed has no mattress. I sleep on this bed. (The bed 1. . .)
The bad, which i sleep on, has no matter.
5 Romeo and Juliet were lovers. Their parents hated each other.
Romeo and Juliet, whose parents hated each other , were lovers.
6 There wasn't any directory in the telephone box. I was phoning from this box.
I was phoning from the bọx which was no drecting in.
7 This is Mrs Jones. Her son won the championship last year.
This is Mrs Jones whose son won the championship last year.
8 I was sitting in a chair. It suddenly collapsed. (The chair . . .)
I was sitting in a chair which suddenly collapsed.
9 Mr Smith said he was too busy to speak to me. I had come specially to see him.
I had comespecially to see Mr. Smith, who was too busy to speak to me.
10 The man was sitting at the desk. I had come to see this man.
The man, whom I had come to see, was sitting at the desk.
11 I missed the train. I usually catch this train. And I had to travel on the next. This was a slow train. (Make into one sentence.)
I missed the train, which I usually catch. And I had to travel on the next train which was very slow.
12 His girl friend turned out to be an enemy spy. He trusted her absolutely.
His girl friend whom he trusted absolutely turned out to be enemy spy.
13 The car had bad brakes. We were in this car. And The man didn't know the way. This man was driving. (Make into one sentence.)
We were in this car which had had brakes and the man who was driving didn't know the way.
14 This is the story of a man. His wife suddenly loses her memory.
This is the story of a man whose wife suddenly loses her memory
15 We'll have to get across the frontier. This will be difficult.
We'll have to get across the frontier, which will be difficult
16 A man brought in a small girl. Her hand had been cut by flying glass.
A man brought in a small girl whose hand had been cut by flying glass
17 The car crashed into a queue of people. Four of them were killed.
The car crashed into a queue of people, four of whom were killed
18 The roads were crowded with refugees. Many of them were wounded.
The roads were crowded with refugees, many of whom were wounded
19 I was waiting for a man. He didn't turn up. (The man. . .)
The man for whom i was waiting didn't turn up
20 Tom came to the party in patched jeans. This surprised the other guests. Most of the other guests were wearing evening dress.
Tom came to the party in patched jeans, which surprised the other guests, most of whom were wearing evening dress
21 The firm is sending me to York. I work for this firm. (The firm. . .)
The firm which i work for is sending me to York
22 The Smiths were given rooms in the hotel. Their house had been destroyed in the explosion.
The Smiths, whose house had been destroyed in the explosion, were given room in the hotel.
23 I saw several houses. Most of them were quite unsuitable.
I saw several houses, most of which were quite unsuitable.
24 He wanted to come at 2 a.m. This didn't suit me at all.
He wanted to come at 2 a.m, which didn’t suit me at all.
25 This is a story of a group of boys. Their plane crashed on an uninhabited island.
This is a story a group of boys whose plane crashed on a uninhabited island.
Câu 1: Join these sentences using relative clause
1. Look at the girl.She is wearing a white dress
=> Look at the girl who is wearing a white dress
2, That is the picture of his town. He grew up in that town
=> That is the picture of his town in which he grew up
3. Mr.Quang wil be here soon. He will be able to help us
=> Mr.Quang, who will be able to help us, will be here soon
4. Nhung has some tests. Her health hasn't been good recently.
=> Nhung, whose health hasn't been good recently, has some tests
5. Viet is one of my closest friends. I have known him for 9 years
=> Viet, whom I have known for 9 years, is one of my closest friends
6. The storm caused a lot of damage. Nobody had been expecting the storm
=> Nobody had been expecting the storm which caused a lot of damage
7. This is Mrs Jone. Her son won the championship last year.
=> This is Mrs Jone, whose son won the championship last year
8. The car had had brakes. We were in this car
=> The car which we were in had had brakes
9. The man was sitting at the desk. I had come to see this man
=> I had come to see the man who was sitting at the desk
10. I saw several bouses. Most of them were quite unsuitable
=> I saw several houses, most of which were quite unsuitable
11. Tom came to the party in patched jeans. This surprised other guests
=> Tom came to the party in patched jeans, which surprised other guests
12. This is a story of a man. His wife suddenly loses her memory
=> This is a story of a man whose wife suddenly loses her memory
13. The company is sending me to Newyork. I work for this company
=> The company which I work for is sending me to Newyork
14. They gave me four cakes. One of them was spoiled
=> They gave me four cakes, one of which was spoiled
15. This bed looks very old. It belongs to Mr.Pike
=> This bed, which belongs to Mr.Pike, looks very old
16. Romeo and Juliet were lovers. Their parents haed each pther
=> Romeo and Juliet, whose parents hated each other, were lovers
17. Jam has now sold the old car. She was given it by her parents
=> Jam has now sold the old car which she was given by her parents
18. The house is for sale. It is next to ours
=> The house which is next to ours is for sale
19. Most of the forests have old farm house. He is rebuilding it
==> Most of the forests have old farm house which he is rebuilding
Combine each pair of sentences, using present participle (V-ing) or past participle (V-ed)
1. The baby is crying for her mother. She is sitting in an armchair.
=> The baby sitting in an armchair is crying for her mother.
2. The boy was taken to the hospital. He was injured in the accident.
=> The boy injured in the accident was taken to the hospital.
3. The road is very narrow. It joins the two villages.
=> The road joining the two villages is very narrow.
4. Do you know the woman? The woman is talking to Tom.
=> Do you know the woman talking to Tom?
5. The window has been repaired. It was broken last night.
=> The window broken last night has been repaired.
6. The taxi broke down. It was taking us to the airport.
=> The taxi taking us to the airport broke down.
7. A brigde has been declared unsafe. It was built only two years ago.
=> A bridge built only two years ago has been declared unsafe.
8. Most of the goods are exported. They are made in this factory.
=> Most of the goods made in this factory are exported.
9. A new factory has just opened in the town. The factory employs 500 people.
=> A new factory employing 500 people has just opened in the town.
10. ''Romeo and Juliet'' is the best tragedy I have ever seen. I was written by Shakespeare.
=> ''Romeo and Juliet'' written by Shakespeare is the best tragedy I have ever seen.
VI. Combine each pair of sentences, using present participle (V-ing) or past participle (V-ed)
1. The baby is crying for her mother. She is sitting in an armchair.
--> The baby sitting in an armchair is crying for her mother.
2. The boy was taken to the hospital. He was injured in the accident.
--> The boy injured in the accident was taken to the hospital.
3. The road is very narrow. It joins the two villages.
--> The road joining the two villages is very narrow.
4. Do you know the woman? The woman is talking to Tom.
--> Do you know the woman talking to Tom?
5. The window has been repaired. It was broken last night.
--> The window broken last night has been repaired.
6. The taxi broke down. It was taking us to the airport.
--> The taxi taking us to the airport broke down.
7. A brigde has been declared unsafe. It was built only two years ago.
--> A bridge built only two years ago has been declared unsafe.
8. Most of the goods are exported. They are made in this factory.
--> Most of the goods made in this factory are exported.
9. A new factory has just opened in the town. The factory employs 500 people.
--> A new factory employing 500 people has just opened in the town.
10. ''Romeo and Juliet'' is the best tragedy I have ever seen. I was written by Shakespeare.
--> ''Romeo and Juliet'' written by Shakespeare is the best tragedy I have ever seen.
1 Tom had been driving all day. He was tired and wanted to stop.
Tom, who had been driving all day was tired and wanted to stop.
2 Ann had been sleeping in the back of the car. She felt quite fresh and wanted to go on.
Ann, who had been sleeping in the back of the car, felt quite fresh and wanted to go on.
3 Paul wanted to take the mountain road. His tyres were nearly new.
Paul, whose tyres were nearly new, wanted to take the mountain road.
4 Jack's tyres were very old. He wanted to stick to the tarred road.
jack, whose tyres were very old,wanted to stick to the tarred road.
5 Mary didn't know anything about mountains. She thought it would be quite safe to climb alone.
marry, who didn't know anythingabout mountains, thought it would be quite safe to climb alone.
6 He gave orders to the manager. The manager passed them on to the foreman.
He gave orders to the manager who passed them on to the foreman.
7 She said that the men were thieves. This turned out to be true.
She said that the men were thieves, turned out to be true.
8 The matter was reported to the Chief of Police. He ordered us all to be arrested.
The matter was reported to the Chief of Police who ordered us all to be arrested.
9 In prison they fed us on dry bread. Most of it was mouldy.
In prison they fed us on dry bread, Most of which was mouldy.
10 We slept in the same room as a handcuffed prisoner. His handcuffs rattled every time he moved.
We slept in the same room as a handcuffed prisoner whose handcuffs rattled every time he moved.
11 We lit a fire. It soon dried out our clothes.
We lit a fire which soon dried out our clothes.
12 They rowed across the Atlantic. This had never been done before.
They rowed across the Atlantic which had never been done before
13 The lorry crashed into a bus-load of schoolchildren. Six of them were slightly injured.
The lorry crashed into a bus-load of schoolchildren. Six of whom were slightly injured.
14 She refuses to use machines. This makes her work more arduous.
She refuses to use machines which makes her work more arduous.
15 I met Mary. She asked me to give you this.
I met Mary who asked me to give you this.
16 The women prayed aloud all night. This kept us awake
The women prayed aloud all night which kept us awake
. 17 The river bed is uneven and you may be in shallow water one moment and in deep water the next. This makes it unsafe for non-swimmers.
The river bed is uneven and you may be in shallow water one moment and in deep water the next which makes it unsafe for non-swimmers.
18 Mary said that there should be a notice up warning people. Mary's children couldn't swim.
Mary whose children couldn't swim, said that there should be a notice up warning people.
19 Ann said that there were far too many notices. Ann's children could swim very well.
ann, whose children could swim very well, said that there were far too many notices.
20 He paid me £5 for cleaning ten windows. Most of them hadn't been cleaned for at least a year.
He paid me £5 for cleaning ten windows. Most of which hadn't been cleaned for at least a year.
21 Jack, the goalkeeper, and Tom, one of the backs, were injured in last Saturday's match. Jack's injuries were very slight. He is being allowed to play in today's match. This is a good thing because the team hasn't got another goalkeeper. (Combine the last three sentences only.)
Jack, whose injuries were very slight, is being allowed to play, which is a good thing because the team hasn't got another goalkeeper.
22 But Tom's leg is still in bandages. He will have to watch the match from the stand.
Tom, whose leg is still in bandages, will have to watch the match from the stand.
23 Mr White didn't get a seat on his train this morning. This put him in a bad temper, and caused him to be very rude to his junior partner. The junior partner in turn was rude to the chief clerk; and so on all the way down to the office boy.
Mr. White didn't get a seat on the train this morning, which put him in a bad temper and caused him to be very rude to his junior clerk.
24 On Monday Tom's boss suddenly asked for a report on the previous week's figures. Tom had a hangover. He felt too sick to work fast. (Combine the last two sentences only.)
Tom, who had a hangover, felt too sick to work fast.
25 His boss didn't drink. He saw what was the matter and wasn't sympathetic.
His boss, who didn’t drink, saw what was the matter and wasn't sympathetic.
26 In the afternoon he rang Tom and asked why the report still hadn't arrived. The report should have been on his desk by 2 o'clock.
The report, which should have been on his desk by 2.00, still hadn’t arrived.
27 Tom's headache was now much worse. He just put the receiver down without answering. This was just as well, as if he'd said anything he would have been very rude.
Tom, whose headache was now much worse, put down the receiver without answering, which was just as well, as if he'd said anything he would have been very rude.
28 Fortunately Ann, the typist, came to Tom's assistance. Ann rather liked Tom.
Ann, who liked Tom, came to Tom's assistance
29 Even so the report took three hours. It should have taken an hour and a half.
the report, which should have taken an hour and a half, took three hours
30 I went to Munich. I had always wanted to visit Munich.
to Munich, which I had always wanted to visit
1. Nam's parents were here last week and give us a present.
Nam's parents, who were here last week, give us a present.
2.I lent you a book. It was written by a friend of mine. She lives in France
The book I lent you was written by a friend of mine, who lives in France.
3.I used to own a dog. People came to the door. The dog never barked at them
The dog which I used to own never barked at people who came to the door.
4. I bought my car from a woman. She lives in a house, You can see the house over there
The woman I bought my car from lives in a house which you can see over there.
5.My friend Bill has decided to buy a motorbike. His car was stolen last week
My friend Bill, whose car was stolen last week, has decided to buy a motorbike.
6.I bought a new car. It cost me a lot of money
The new car which I bought cost me a lot of money.
7.I just talked to the girl. I can never remember her name
I just talked to the girl whom I can never remember the mane/whose name I can never remember.
8.The librarian wants to speak to a man. We borrowed his car yesterday
The librarian wants to speak to the man whom we borrowed his car yesterday/whose car we borrowed yesterday.
9.My friend Albert has decided yo buy a motorbike. His car was stolen
My friend Albert, whose car was stolen, has decided to buy a motorbike.
10.Carol is a vegetarian. I cooked a meal for her last week
Carol, whom I cook a meal for last week, is a vegetarian.
11.I was sitting next to a boy in the exam. He told me the answer
The boy I was sitting next to in the exam told me the answer.
12.I bought a new computer. I costs me a lot of money
The new computer which I bought costs me a lot of money.
13.My neighbours have three children. The children make a lot of noise. My neighbours never apologise
My neighbours have three children who /whose three children make a lot of noise never apologise.
14.Do you know the woman? We are sharing a flat with her son
Do you know the woman whose son we are sharing the flat with (whom we are sharing the flat with her son)?
15.The ship hit an iceberg and shark. Warning messages had been sent to it. The ship ignored these
The ship ,which ignored the warning messages had been sent to, hit an iceberg and shark
16..The postman realized I was on holiday. You had sent me a parcel. The postman left in next door.
The postman who realised I was on holiday, left the parcel you had sent me nextdoor
17. We went to a beach on the first day of our holiday. It was covered in seaweed. This smelled a lot
The beach we went to on the first day of our holiday was covered in seaweed, which smelled a lot.
18.I lost my wallet lastweek. It was found by a workman. He was digging a hole in the street outside our house.
The wallet which I lost last week was found by a workman, who was digging a hole in the street outside our house.
19. A woman's jewels were stolen. A police officer was staying in the same hotel. The woman was interviwed by him
The woman whose jewels were stolen was interviwed by a police officer who was staying in the same hotel.
20.A goal was scored by a teenager. He had come on as substitute. This goal won the match
The goal which won the match was scored by a teenager who had come on as substitute.
II.Combine the two sentences,using relative pronouns :
1.The radio has suddenly stopped working. It is not very old.
The radio which has suddenly stopped working is not very old
2.The people were very nice. We visited them yesterday.
The people whom we visited yesterday were very nice.
3.The girl decied to travel by train. She afraid of airplanes.
the girl who afraid of airplanes decided to travel by train
4.I like listening to music. Music can help me relax after a hard working day.
I like listening to music that can help me relax after a hard working day.
5.Whales and dolphins both make sounds. These sounds are similar to a language.
Whales and dolphins both make sounds which are similar to a language.
6.A woman spoke to me. She was very helpful.
A man who was very helpful spoke to me.
7.The girl next to me. She is my close friend.
the girl who is my close friend next to me
8.I always admire Mr Tuan. He always gives me a lot of useful pieces of advice.
I always admire Mr Tuan who always gives me a lot of useful pieces of advice.
9.Minu is my favorite dog. It looks after my house very well.
minu is my favorite dog that looks after my house very well.
10.My grandmother often tells me many good stories. My gradmother loves me a lot.
my grandmother who loves me a lot often tells me many good stories.
11.The man is my father. I respect his opinions most.
the man whom I respect his opinions most is my father
12.That man is an artist. I don't remember the man's name.
That man whose name I don't remember is an artist
13. This is Mrs White. Her son won the championship last year.
this is mrs white, whose son won the championship last year
1. The boy (injuring/injured) in the accident was taken to the hospital.
2. The boy (swimming/swum) in the river is the fisher's son.
3. The window (breaking/broken) in the storm last night has been repaired.
4. The girl ( teaching/taught) English is Lan's sister.
5. The man (working/worked) in the garden is my grandfather.
6. The car (making/made) in Japan was very expensive.
7. The house (building/built) of wood belongs to my uncle.
8. The picture (taking/take) by his brother won the first prize in the art contest.
9. The girl (sitting/sat) next to me is intelligent.
10. The book (writing/written) by Mr Jones is about places of interest in Vietnam.
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