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Nếu :\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=2va\)
a + b +c =abc
Thi ta co \(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}=2\)
Bài 2 :
Ta có : \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+2\left(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ca}\right)=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+2\cdot\frac{a+b+c}{abc}=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+2\cdot1=4\)
( Do \(a+b+c=abc\) )
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}=2\) (đpcm)
P/s : Cho hỏi bài 1 có a,b,c > 0 không ?
Khuyến mãi thêm bài 1 :))
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có :
\(\frac{a^2}{b^2}+\frac{b^2}{c^2}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{a^2}{b^2}\cdot\frac{b^2}{c^2}}=\frac{2a}{c}\) (1)
Tương tự ta có :
\(\frac{b^2}{c^2}+\frac{c^2}{a^2}\ge\frac{2b}{a}\)(2), \(\frac{c^2}{a^2}+\frac{a^2}{b^2}\ge\frac{2c}{b}\) (3)
Cộng các vế của BĐT (1) (2) và (3) và chia 2 ta có :
\(\frac{a^2}{b^2}+\frac{b^2}{c^2}+\frac{c^2}{a^2}\ge\frac{c}{b}+\frac{b}{a}+\frac{a}{c}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
\(\text{Ta có: }\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2=\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+\frac{2}{ab}+\frac{2}{bc}+\frac{2}{ac}\)
\(=\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+2.\left(\frac{c}{abc}+\frac{a}{abc}+\frac{b}{abc}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+2.\left(\frac{a+b+c}{abc}\right)\)
Mà \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=2\text{ và }a+b+c=abc\)nên:
\(2^2=\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+2.\frac{abc}{abc}\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}=4-2=2\)
Ta có :
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=2\)
<=> \(\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2=4\)
<=> \(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+\frac{2}{ab}+\frac{2}{ac}+\frac{2}{bc}=4\)
<=> \(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+\frac{2c}{abc}+\frac{2b}{abc}+\frac{2a}{abc}=4\)
<=> \(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+\frac{2a+2b+2c}{abc}=4\)
<=> \(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+\frac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{abc}=4\)
<=> \(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+\frac{2abc}{abc}=4\)
<=> \(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+2=4\)
<=> \(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}=4-2=2\)
Ta có: \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2=2^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+2\left(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ca}\right)=2^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+2.\frac{a+b+c}{abc}=2^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+2.\frac{abc}{abc}=2^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+2=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}=2\)
đpcm
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2=2^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)^2+2\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\frac{1}{c}+\left(\frac{1}{c}\right)^2=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{1}{a}\right)^2+2\frac{1}{a}.\frac{1}{b}+\left(\frac{1}{b}\right)^2+2\left(\frac{1}{ac}+\frac{1}{bc}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{c}\right)^2=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{1}{a}\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{b}\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{c}\right)^2+2\frac{1}{ab}+2\left(\frac{1}{ac}+\frac{1}{bc}\right)=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+2\left(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{ac}+\frac{1}{bc}\right)=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+2\left(\frac{a}{abc}+\frac{b}{abc}+\frac{c}{abc}\right)=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+2\left(\frac{a+b+c}{abc}\right)=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+2\left(\frac{a+b+c}{a+b+c}\right)=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+2=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}=4-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}=2\)
Ờm thì đại khái như vầy , dùng thêm hằng cao cấp mới chơi được =))
Link : Bảy hằng đẳng thức đáng nhớ – Wikipedia tiếng Việt
Dùng hằng mở rộng số 4
Ta có :
\(\frac{a}{x}+\frac{b}{y}+\frac{c}{z}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ayz+bxz+cxy=0\) (1)
Lại có :
\(\left(\frac{a}{x}+\frac{b}{y}+\frac{c}{z}\right)^2=\frac{a^2}{x^2}+\frac{b^2}{y^2}+\frac{c^2}{z^2}+2.\left(\frac{xy}{ab}+\frac{yz}{bc}+\frac{zx}{ca}\right)=1^2=1\) (chỗ này dùng cái skill mở rộng)
<=> \(\frac{a^2}{x^2}+\frac{b^2}{y^2}+\frac{c^2}{z^2}+2.\left(\frac{xyc}{abc}+\frac{ayz}{abc}+\frac{bzx}{abc}\right)=1\)
<=> \(\frac{a^2}{x^2}+\frac{b^2}{y^2}+\frac{c^2}{z^2}+2.\frac{ayz+bxz+cxy}{abc}=1\)
Thay 1 vào
=> \(\frac{a^2}{x^2}+\frac{b^2}{y^2}+\frac{c^2}{z^2}=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a+b+c}{abc}=\frac{1}{9}\Leftrightarrow\frac{2}{ab}+\frac{2}{bc}+\frac{2}{ac}=\frac{2}{9}\)
Lại có \(\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2=1\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+\frac{2}{ab}+\frac{2}{bc}+\frac{2}{ac}=1\)
Vậy 1/a^2+1/b^2+1/c^2=1-2/9=7/9 ( Sê đài )