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Ta có :
\(\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)^2=\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}+\dfrac{1}{z^2}+2\left(\dfrac{1}{xy}+\dfrac{1}{yz}+\dfrac{1}{xz}\right)\)\(=\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}+\dfrac{1}{z^2}+2\left(\dfrac{z+x+y}{xyz}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}+\dfrac{1}{z^2}+2\left(\dfrac{0}{xyz}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}+\dfrac{1}{z^2}\)
2: Ta có: \(\dfrac{a^2}{b+c}+\dfrac{b^2}{c+a}+\dfrac{c^2}{a+b}=\dfrac{a\left(a+b+c\right)}{b+c}+\dfrac{b\left(a+b+c\right)}{c+a}+\dfrac{c\left(a+b+c\right)}{a+b}-a-b-c=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\dfrac{a}{b+c}+\dfrac{b}{c+a}+\dfrac{c}{a+b}\right)=a+b+c-a-b-c=0\)
1: Sửa đề: Cho \(x,y,z\ne0\) và \(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{2}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}=\dfrac{2}{2x+y+2z}\).
CM:....
Đặt 2x = x', 2z = z'.
Ta có: \(\dfrac{2}{x'}+\dfrac{2}{y}+\dfrac{2}{z'}=\dfrac{2}{x'+y+z'}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{x'}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z'}=\dfrac{1}{x'+y+z'}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{x'}-\dfrac{1}{x'+y+z'}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z'}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{y+z'}{x'\left(x'+y+z'\right)}+\dfrac{y+z'}{yz'}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(y+z'\right)\left(yz'+x'^2+x'y+x'z'\right)}{x'yz'\left(x'+y+z'\right)}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(x'+y\right)\left(y+z'\right)\left(z'+x'\right)}{x'yz'\left(x'+y+z'\right)}=0\Leftrightarrow\left(2x+y\right)\left(y+2z\right)\left(2z+2x\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left(2x+y\right)\left(y+2z\right)\left(z+x\right)=0\left(đpcm\right)\)
\(x+y+z=xyz\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{xy}+\dfrac{1}{yz}+\dfrac{1}{zx}=1\)
\(\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}+\dfrac{1}{z^2}=\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)^2-2\left(\dfrac{1}{xy}+\dfrac{1}{yz}+\dfrac{1}{zx}\right)=2^2-2.1=2\) (đpcm)
Ta thấy \(\dfrac{x^2}{a^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{z^2}{c^2}\ge\dfrac{x^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}+\dfrac{z^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}=\dfrac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}\).
Mà đẳng thức xảy ra nên ta phải có x = y = z = 0 (Do \(a^2,b^2,c^2>0\)).
Thay vào đẳng thức cần cm ta có đpcm.
Bài này trên diễn đàn có nhiều thực chưa có bài thực sự đúng
\(\dfrac{x}{y+z}+\dfrac{y}{z+x}+\dfrac{z}{x+y}=1\) (1)
đk: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y\ne0\\x+z\ne0\\y+z\ne0\end{matrix}\right.\) Nếu x+y+z=0\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=-z\\x+z=-y\\y+z=-x\end{matrix}\right.\)(*)
Thay (*) vào (1)
\(\dfrac{x}{-x}+\dfrac{y}{-y}+\dfrac{z}{-z}=-3\) kết luận: \(x+y+z\ne0\)
Nhân 2 vế (1) với x+y+z khác 0 ta có\(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{x}{y+z}+\dfrac{y}{z+x}+\dfrac{z}{x+y}\right)\left(x+y+z\right)=\left(x+y+z\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{x^2}{y+z}+\dfrac{y^2}{z+x}+\dfrac{z^2}{x+y}\right)+\left(y+z\right).\dfrac{y}{x+z}+\left(x+y\right).\dfrac{z}{x+y}+\left(x+z\right)\dfrac{x}{y+z}=\left(x+y+z\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{x^2}{y+z}+\dfrac{y^2}{z+x}+\dfrac{z^2}{x+y}\right)+\left(x+y+z\right)=\left(x+y+z\right)\)\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x^2}{y+z}+\dfrac{y^2}{z+x}+\dfrac{z^2}{x+y}=0\)
Vẫn lỗi:
\(.....\\ \left(x+z\right)\dfrac{x}{y+z}+\left(z+x\right)\dfrac{y}{z+x}+\left(x+y\right)\dfrac{z}{x+y}\)
....
+) \(\dfrac{a}{x}+\dfrac{b}{y}+\dfrac{c}{z}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{ayz}{xyz}+\dfrac{bxz}{xyz}+\dfrac{cxy}{xyz}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{ayz+bxz+cxy}{xyz}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow ayz+bxz+cxy=0\)
+) \(\dfrac{x}{a}+\dfrac{y}{b}+\dfrac{z}{c}=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\dfrac{x}{a}+\dfrac{y}{b}+\dfrac{z}{c}\right)^2=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x^2}{a^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{z^2}{c^2}+2\dfrac{xy}{ab}+2\dfrac{xz}{ac}+2\dfrac{yz}{bc}=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x^2}{a^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{z^2}{c^2}+2\left(\dfrac{xy}{ab}+\dfrac{xz}{ac}+\dfrac{yz}{bc}\right)=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x^2}{a^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{z^2}{c^2}+2\left(\dfrac{cxy}{abc}+\dfrac{bxz}{abc}+\dfrac{ayz}{abc}\right)=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x^2}{a^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{z^2}{c^2}+2\left(\dfrac{ayz+bxz+cxy}{abc}\right)=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x^2}{a^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{z^2}{c^2}+2\left(\dfrac{0}{abc}\right)=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x^2}{a^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{z^2}{c^2}+0=1\) \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x^2}{a^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{z^2}{c^2}=1\left(đpcm\right)\)