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1 Mary said: " Are you hungry Quynh"
=> Mary asked Quynh if she was hungry
2 Peter sais when will you get back from New YorkJohn?
=> Peter asked John when he would get back from New York
3 Peter said how long does it take to get to New York John?
=> Peter asked John how long it took to get to New York
4 Tom said can you swim lam?
=> Tom asked Lam if she/he could swim
5The hunter said do you hear the roar of a lion Joe
=> The hunter asked Joe if she heared the roar of a lion
6 Mary said is your new baby a boy or a girl Mrs Jane
=> Mary asked Mrs Jane whether her new baby a boy or a girl
7 Favis said may I borrow your car Emily
=> Favis asked Emily if he might borrow her car
chuyển câu sau thành câu gián tiếp:
a, the tourists said to the guider:" how do you impove your english? "
=> The tourists asked the guider how he improved his English
b, my mother said to me:" why do you come to school late?"
=> My mother asked me why I came to school late
c, she said to him:"what will we do tomorrrow?"
=> She asked him what they would do the following day
a, The tourists told the guider how he/she improved his/her english.
b, My mother told me why I came to school late.
c, She told him what they would do the next day.
viết thành câu gián tiếp
- My mother said to me, “Why are you so lazy and naughty?” ---> My mother said to me why I so lazy and naughty.
- “What is your new English teacher like?” John asked his friend. ---> John asked his friend what John friend's new English teacher was.
- The doctor asked the woman, “How often do you go swimming?” --->The doctor asked the woman how often she went swimming
- ”Where will you spend your vacation this summer, Peter?” said Mary. --->Mary asked Peter where he would spend his vacation that summer.
- Mr Harry asked me, “Why are you often late for school?” --->Mr Harry asked me why I was often late for school
- “ What do I have to do this situation?” said the lady to the policeman. --->The lady said to the policeman what she had to do that situation
- The police said to the children, “ Why are you playing soccer here?” --->The police said to the chidren why they were playing soccer there
- “ Who teaches English this year?” said Mary to John. --->Mary said to John who teached English that year
- Mrs Brown said,” Where are you working now, Mr Smith?” ---> Mrs Brown asked Mr Smith where she was working then
- She asked me, “ Do you like English?” --->She asked me if I liked English
- My brother said to my mother,” I ‘ll be able to speak English as fluently as you do soon.” --->My brother said to my mother he would be able to speak English as fluently as you do soon
- ” Why are you looking at me like that?” said the girl to the boy. --->The girl asked the boy why he was looking at her like that
- Mr Pike asked his daughter, “ How are you feeling now?” -->Mr Pike asked his daughter how she was feeling then
- He said, “I’m hungry now. -->He said he was hungry then
- “What do you want me to help you now?” she said to her son. --->She said to her son what he wanted her to help his then
- “ You have to explain all these things, son,” said Miss Brown. --->Miss Brown said to his son he had to explain all those things
- The teacher said to the school girl,” What subject do you like best?” --->The teacher said to the school girl what subject she liked best.
- The man said to the boy, “ You are wasting your valuable time on these computer games.” --->The man said to the boyhe was wasting his valuable time on those computer games
- “What are you going to buy for your sister on her birthday this time, David? said Ann. --->Ann asked David what he was going to buy for his sister on her birthday that time
- The girl said to me, “ My brother and I will come to see you tomorrow evening.”
The teacher asked the boy when he invented those things.
The alien asked me how many hands I had
1.The teacher asked the boy :"when đi you invent these things?"
=>The teacher asked the boy when did you invent these things?
2.The alien asked me:"How many hands do you have? "
=> The alien asked me how many hands I have?"
bạn đọc vào đây để tìm nhé
I. Khái niệm:
Lời nói trực tiếp (direct speech) là sự lặp lại chính xác những từ của người nói.
Lời nói gián tiếp (indirect/reported speech) là lời tường thuật lại ý của người nói, đôi khi không cần phải dùng đúng những từ của người nói.
II.3 nguyên tắc cần nhớ khi chuyển từ câu trực tiếp sang gián tiếp:
Đổi ngôi, đổi tân ngữ
Lùi thì
Đổi cụm từ chỉ thời gian, nơi chốn
Cụ thể như sau:
Rule (Quy tắc) | Direct speech (Trực tiếp) | Reported speech (Gián tiếp) |
1. Tenses (Thì) | Present simple (V/Vs/es) | Past simple (Ved) |
Present progressive (is/am/are+Ving) | Past progressive (was/were+Ving) | |
Present perfect (have/has+VpII) | Past perfect (had+VPII) | |
Past simple (Ved) | Past perfect (had +VpII) | |
Past progressive (was/were +Ving) | Past progressive/ | |
Past perfect | Past perfect | |
Future simple (will +V) | Future in the past (would +V) | |
Near future (is/am/are +going to+V) | Was/were +going to +V | |
2. Modal verbs | Can | Could |
3. Adverb of place | This | That |
These | Those | |
Here | There | |
4. Adverb of time | Now | Then |
Today | That day | |
Yesterday | The day before/ the previous day | |
The day before yesterday | Two days before | |
Tomorrow | The day after/the next (following) day | |
The day after tomorrow | Two days after/ in two days’ time | |
Ago | Before | |
This week | That week | |
Last week | The week before/ the previous week | |
Last night | The night before | |
Next week | The week after/ the following week | |
5.Subject/Object | I / me | She, he /Her, him |
We /our | They/ them | |
You/you | I, we/ me, us |
III. Cách chuyển câu trực tiếp sang câu gián tiếp
1.Câu trực tiếp ở dạng câu kể/tường thuật:
Câu gián tiếp:
S + | said | that + | Clause |
VD:
“I’m going to visit Japan next month”, she said. → She said that she was going to visit Japan the following month.
“He picked me up yesterday”, Lan said to me. → Lan said to me that he had picked her up the day before.
2.Câu trực tiếp ở dạng câu hỏi
Câu hỏi Yes/No question
Câu hỏi Yes/No question là câu hỏi mà người nghe sẽ phải lựa chọn trả lời Yes/No cho mỗi câu hỏi.
Câu gián tiếp:
S + | asked | if | + Clause |
VD:
“Do you love English?”, the teacher asked. → The teacher asked me if/whether I loved English.
“Have you done your homeworked yet?”, they asked. → They asked me if/whether I had done my homework yet.
Lưu ý: Nếu trong câu trực tiếp có từ “OR NOT” thì câu gián tiếp bắt buộc phải dùng WHETHER
“Does she roses or not?”, he wondered. → He wondered whether she d roses or not.
Câu hỏi Wh-questions
Câu hỏi Wh-questions là câu hỏi bắt đầu bằng từ hỏi Wh- (What, Where, When, Which, Why, How…)
Câu gián tiếp:
S + | asked | + Clause (Wh-word + S + V(thì)) |
VD:
“Where do you live, Nam?”, asked she. → She asked Nam where he lived.
3. Câu trực tiếp ở dạng câu mệnh lệnh (Vinf/ Don’t + Vinf, please)
Câu gián tiếp:
S + | asked/told/ordered/advised/wanted/warned | + sb + (not) to Vinf |
VD:
“Open the book page 117, please”,the teacher said. → The teacher asked us to open the book page 117.
“Don’t touch that dog”, he said. → He asked/told me not to touch that dog.
1."i am very tired." tom said
Tom said he was very tired
2."what are you going to do?"
He asked me what I was going to do
3."i will take you to my house next week." He said to mary
He told Mary he would take her to his house the next week
4."are you sorry for what you did?" the mother said to her son
The mother asked her son if he was sorry for what he had done
5."do you want to buy any second-hand clothes?" she asked me.
She asked me if I wanted to buy any second-hand clothes
6."we can go to the airport by taxi." they said
They said they could go to the airport by taxi
7."who did you see at the party?" he asked.
He asked me who I had seen at the party
8."are you hungry,Margaret?" Mary said.
Mary asked Marganet if he was hungry
9."Can you answer this question?" the teacher said to me.
The teacher asked me if I could answer that question
10."write these lessons carefully." my mother said.
My mother told me to write those lessons carefully
11."does he go to work by bus?" i asked his mother.
I asked his mother if he went to school by bus
12."david didn't arrive until 10 o'clock." he said to me.
He told me that David hadn't arrived until 10 o' clock
13."is the food good?" my mother said.
My mother asked me if the food was good
14." i am doing my homework now,mom." the son said.
The son told his mom he was doing his homework then
15."does he teach music?" she said.
She asked me if he taught music
16." i don't think your father likes me." he said to me.
He told me he didn't think my father liked him
17."how far is it from here to school?" he said.
He asked how far it was from there to school
18."can your brother swim?" minh asked Hong.
Minh asked Hong if her brother could swim
19."where shall we meet tonight?" she said.
She asked where they should meet that night
20."where do you buy most of your clothes?" she asked.
She asked me where I bought most of my clothes
21."can i borrow your leather jacket?"he asked.
He asked me if he could borrow my leather jacket
22."were you living in London when you met Celia?" she asked.
She asked me if I had been living in London when I had met Celia
23." i won't be here next week." she explained
She explained she wouldn't be there the next weel
24.."we're going to paint the living room yellow." she announced.
She announced they were going to pain the living room yellow
25." i haven't ever been on a plane before." she said.
She said she hadn't ever been on a plane before
26.Emily said:"our teacher will go to Leipzig tomorrow."
Emily said their teacher would go to Leiqzig the day after
27.helen said:" i was writing a letter yesterday."
Helen said he had been writing a letter the day before
28.robert said:" my father flew to Dallas last year."
Robert said his father had flown to Dallas the year before
29. Lisa said to me:" Tim went to the stadium an hour ago."
Lisa told me Tim had gone to the stadium an hour before
30." Patricia said:" my mother will celebrate her birthday next week."
Patricia said her mother would celebrate her birthday the next week
31.Michael said to me:" i am going to read a book this week."
Michael told me he was going to read a book that week
32.Jason and Victoria said to me :" we will do our best in the exams tomorrow."
Jason and Victoria told me they would do their best in the exam the day after
33.Andrew remarkked:"We didn't eat fish two days ago."
Andrew remarked they hadn't eat fish two days before
34.Alice complained:"i spent all my pocket money on Monday."
Alice complained she had spent all her pockey money on Monday
35.David to me:" John had already gone at six."
David told me John had already gone at six
1. He asked me if I liked sport
2. I asked Tam if he wanted to visit the Big Ben
3. I asked the tourists if they were from Australia
4. I asked Thu if she would go to Ha Noi the following month
5. Richard asked Jane what she was planning to do the next day
1 .what do you want , my boy ?
=> She asked her son what he wanted.
2.who will come to the pictures with me ?
=> She asked us who would come to the pictures with her.
3 is your new baby a boy or a girl,Mrs Brown ?
=> She asked Mrs Brown if her new baby was a boy or a girl.
4 .May I borrow your bicycle ,Nam ?
=> She asked Nam if she could borrow his bicycle.
5.When will you get back from Peking, Mr.Counsellor ?
=> She asked Mr. Counsellor when he would get back from Peking.