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![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
1/
\(\left(1\right)=\left(a^3+b^3\right)+\left(a^3-b^3\right)=2a^3\)
2/
\(\left(2\right)=a^3+b^3=\left(a+b\right).\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)\)
\(\left(2\right)=\left(a+b\right).\left[\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+ab\right]=\left(a+b\right)\left[\left(a-b\right)^2+ab\right]\)
3/
\(\left(3\right)=\left(ac\right)^2+\left(ad\right)^2+\left(bc\right)^2+\left(bd\right)^2\)
\(\left(3\right)=\left[\left(ac\right)^2+2acbd+\left(bd\right)^2\right]+\left[\left(ad\right)^2-2adbc+\left(bc\right)^2\right]\)(do t/c giao hoán trong phép nhân => 2acbd=2adbc)
\(\left(3\right)=\left(ac+bd\right)^2+\left(ad-bc\right)^2\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Lời giải :
a) \(VP=\left(a+b\right)\left[\left(a-b\right)^2+ab\right]\)
\(=\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2-2ab+b^2+ab\right)\)
\(=\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)\)
\(=a^3+b^3=VT\)( đpcm )
b) \(VT=\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(c^2+d^2\right)\)
\(=a^2c^2+a^2d^2+b^2c^2+b^2d^2\)
\(=a^2c^2+2abcd+b^2d^2+a^2d^2-2abcd+b^2c^2\)
\(=\left(ac+bd\right)^2+\left(ad-bc\right)^2=VP\)( đpcm )
a)CM \(a^3+b^3=\left(a+b\right)\left[\left(a-b\right)^2+ab\right]\)
VT = \(a^3+b^3=\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)\)
VP = \(\left(a+b\right)\left[\left(a-b\right)^2+ab\right]=\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2-2ab+b^2+ab\right)=\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)\)
Ta thấy VP = VT
=> \(a^3+b^3=\left(a+b\right)\left[\left(a-b\right)^2+ab\right]\)
b) CM \(\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(c^2+d^2\right)=\left(ac+bd\right)^2+\left(ad-bc\right)^2\)
VT = \(\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(c^2+d^2\right)=a^2c^2+a^2d^2+b^2c^2+b^2d^2\)
VP = \(\left(ac+bd\right)^2+\left(ad-bc\right)^2=ac^2+2acbd+bd^2+ad^2-2abcd+bc^2=ac^2+ad^2+bd^2+bc^2\)Ta thấy VP = VT
=> \(\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(c^2+d^2\right)=\left(ac+bd\right)^2+\left(ad-bc\right)^2\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
2/ Ta có \(\left(a+b+c+d\right)^2\ge\frac{8}{3}\left(ab+ac+ad+bc+bd+cd\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2+2\left(ab+ac+ad+bc+bd+cd\right)\ge\frac{8}{3}\left(ab+ac+ad+bc+bd+cd\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2\right)+6\left(ab+ac+ad+bc+bd+cd\right)\ge8\left(ab+ac+ad+bc+bd+cd\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(a^2-2ac+c^2\right)+\left(a^2-2ad+d^2\right)+\left(b^2-2bc+c^2\right)+\left(b^2-2bd+d^2\right)+\left(c^2-2cd+d^2\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(a-c\right)^2+\left(a-d\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(b-d\right)^2+\left(c-d\right)^2\ge0\)(luôn đúng)
Vậy bđt ban đầu được chứng minh.
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(a,\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)+\left(a-b\right)\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)\)\(=\left(a^3+b^3\right)+\left(a^3-b^3\right)=2a^3\Rightarrowđpcm\)
\(b,\left(a+b\right)\left[\left(a-b\right)^2+ab\right]=\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2-2ab+b^2+ab\right)=\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)\)\(=\left(a^3+b^3\right)\Rightarrowđpcm\)
\(c,\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(c^2+d^2\right)=a^2c^2+a^2d^2+b^2c^2+b^2d^2=\left(a^2c^2+2abcd+b^2d^2\right)+\left(a^2d^2-2abcd+b^2c^2\right)\)\(=\left(ac+bd\right)^2+\left(ad-bc\right)^2\Rightarrowđpcm\)
a) (a+b)(a2-ab+b2)+(a-b)(a2+ab+b2)
= a3+b3+a3-b3 = 2a3
b) a3+b3
= (a+b)(a2-ab+b2)
= (a+b)(a2- 2ab+b2)+ab
= (a+b)(a2-b2)+ab
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a: \(\left(ac+bd\right)^2+\left(ad-bc\right)^2\)
\(=a^2c^2+b^2d^2+2bacd+a^2d^2+b^2c^2-2bacd\)
\(=a^2\left(c^2+d^2\right)+b^2\left(c^2+d^2\right)\)
\(=\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(c^2+d^2\right)\)
b: \(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2=2ba+2ac+2bc\)
=>\(\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(b^2-2bc+c^2\right)+\left(a^2-2ac+c^2\right)=0\)
=>(a-b)^2+(b-c)^2+(a-c)^2=0
=>a=b=c
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
b)
VP=(a+b)[(a-b)2+ab]
=(a+b)(a2-2ab+b2+ab)
=(a+b)(a2-ab+b2)
=a3+b3=VT
Vậy x3+y3=(a+b)[(a-b)2+ab]
c)
VP=(ac+bd)2+(ad-bc)2
=a2c2+2abcd+b2d2+a2d2-2abcd+b2c2
=a2c2+b2d2+a2d2+b2c2
=(a2c2+a2d2)+(b2d2+b2c2)
=a2.(c2+d2)+b2.(c2+d2)
=(a2+b2)(c2+d2)
Vậy (a2+b2)(c2+d2)=(ac+bd)2+(ad-bc)2
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Bài 2 :
a) Ta có : \(P=x^2-2x+5\)
\(=x^2-2x+1+4\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)^2+4\)
Vì \(\left(x-1\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)
Nên : \(P=\left(x-1\right)^2+4\ge4\forall x\)
Vậy GTNN của P là 4 khi x = 1
a/
Đẳng thức <=> (ac)² + (ad)² + (bc)² + (bd)² = (ac)² + (ad)² + (bc)² + (bd) + 2ac.bd - 2ad.bc
<=> 2.ad.bc - 2.ad.bc = 0
<=> 0 = 0 ( đúng ) => đẳng thức đã cho đúng
b/
Đẳng thức <=> 2a² + 2b² + 2c² = 2ab + 2bc + 2ac
<=> a² - 2ab + b² + b² - 2bc + c² + c² - 2ac + a² = 0
<=> ( a - b)² + ( b - c)² + ( c - a)² = 0
<=> (a - b)² = 0 và (b - c)² = 0 và (c - a)² = 0
<=> a - b = 0 và b - c = 0 và c - a = 0
<=> a = b, b = c, c = a => a = b = c
(vì tổng 3 số hk âm = 0 khi mỗi số điều = 0)
c/ từ giả thuyết => a + b = -c,
ta có:
a³ + b³ + c³ -3abc = ( a + b)³ - 3ab( a + b) + c³ -3abc = -c³ + 3abc + c³ - 3abc = 0
( vì a³ + b³ = ( a + b)( a² - ab + b²) = (a + b)( (a + b)² - 3ab ) = ( a + b)³ - 3ab( a + b)
=> ĐPCM