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Đặt :
\(A=\dfrac{3}{9.14}+\dfrac{3}{14.19}+........+\dfrac{3}{\left(5n-1\right)\left(5n+4\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{5}{3}A=\dfrac{5}{9.14}+\dfrac{5}{14.19}+........+\dfrac{5}{\left(5n-1\right)\left(5n+4\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{5}{3}A=\dfrac{1}{9}-\dfrac{1}{14}+\dfrac{1}{14}-\dfrac{1}{19}+...........+\dfrac{1}{5n-1}-\dfrac{1}{5n+4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{5}{3}A=\dfrac{1}{9}-\dfrac{1}{5n+4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\left(\dfrac{1}{9}-\dfrac{1}{5n+4}\right):\dfrac{5}{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\left(\dfrac{1}{9}-\dfrac{1}{5n+4}\right).\dfrac{3}{5}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\dfrac{1}{9}.\dfrac{3}{5}-\dfrac{1}{5n+4}.\dfrac{3}{5}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\dfrac{1}{15}-\dfrac{1}{5n+4}.\dfrac{3}{5}< \dfrac{1}{15}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A< \dfrac{1}{15}\left(đpcm\right)\)
\(1^2+2^2+3^2+.......+n^2=1\times\left(2-1\right)+2\times\left(3-1\right)+.......+n\left(\left(n+1\right)-1\right)\)=\(\left(1.2+2.3+3.4+......+n\left(n+1\right)\right)-\left(1+2+3+.....+n\right)\)=\(\frac{n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)-0.1.2}{3}-\frac{n\left(n+1\right)}{2}=\frac{n\left(n+1\right)\left(2n+1\right)}{6}\)
sử dụng qui nạp:
1² + 2² + 3² + 4² + ...+ n² = \(\frac{n\left(n+1\right)\left(2n+1\right)}{6}\) (*)
(*) đúng khi n= 1
giả sử (*) đúng với n= k, ta có:
1² + 2² + 3² + 4² + ...+ k² = \(\frac{k\left(k+1\right)\left(2k+1\right)}{6}\) (1)
ta cm (*) đúng với n = k +1, thật vậy từ (1) cho ta:
1² + 2² + 3² + 4² + ...+ k² + (k + 1)² = \(\frac{k\left(k+1\right)\left(2k+1\right)}{6}\) + (k + 1)²
= (k+1)\(\left(\frac{k\left(2k+1\right)}{6}+\left(k+1\right)\right)\)= (k + 1)\(\frac{2k^2+k+6k+6}{6}\)
= (k + 1)\(\frac{2k^2+7k+6}{6}\) = (k + 1)\(\frac{2k^2+4k+3k+6}{6}\)
= (k + 1)\(\frac{2k\left(k+2\right)+3\left(k+2\right)}{6}\) = (k + 1)\(\frac{\left(k+2\right)\left(2k+3\right)}{6}\)
vậy (*) đúng với n = k + 1, theo nguyên lý qui nạp (*) đúng với mọi n thuộc N*
\(\left(\frac{1}{4.9}+\frac{1}{9.14}+\frac{1}{14.19}+....+\frac{1}{44.49}\right)\cdot\frac{1-3-5-7-....-49}{89}\)
\(\text{Đặt }:\left(\frac{1}{4.9}+\frac{1}{9.14}+\frac{1}{14.19}+...+\frac{1}{44.49}\right)\)là \(A\)
\(\frac{1-3-5-7-...-49}{89}\)là \(B\);ta có :
\(A=\frac{1}{5}\cdot\left(\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{9}+\frac{1}{9}-\frac{1}{14}+...+\frac{1}{44}-\frac{1}{49}\right)\)
\(A=\frac{1}{5}\cdot\left(\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{49}\right)=\frac{1}{5}\cdot\frac{45}{196}=\frac{9}{196}\)
\(B=\frac{1-3-5-7-....-49}{89}=\frac{1-\left(3+5+7+...+49\right)}{89}\)
Tổng của \(3+5+7+...+49\)là:
\(\frac{\left(3+49\right).24}{2}=624\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1-624}{89}=\frac{-623}{89}=-7\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\frac{1}{4.9}+\frac{1}{9.14}+...+\frac{1}{44.49}\right)\cdot\frac{1-3-5-7-...-49}{89}=A.B=\frac{9}{196}\cdot-7=-\frac{9}{28}\)
mk ko viết lại đề đâu
=\(\frac{1}{5}\left(\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{9}+\frac{1}{9}-\frac{1}{14}+...+\frac{1}{44}-\frac{1}{49}\right)\)\(.\frac{1-\left(3+5+...+49\right)}{89}\)
=\(\frac{1}{5}\left(\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{49}\right).\frac{\left(1-\frac{\left(49+3\right).24}{2}\right)}{89}\)
=\(\frac{1}{5}.\frac{45}{196}.\frac{1-\left(\frac{52.24}{2}\right)}{89}\)
=\(\frac{9}{196}.\left(1-\frac{624}{89}\right)=\frac{9}{196}.\left(\frac{-623}{89}\right)\)
=\(\frac{-9}{28}\)
Ta thấy: 1+ 2/ n^2+3n = n^2+3n+2 / n(n+3) =(n+1)(n+2) /n(n+3)
Áp dụng công thức trên,ta có:
A= (1+2/4 )(1+ 2/10)(1+2/18).....(1+2/ n^2+3n)
=(1+2 /1x4)( 1+2 /2x5)(1+2 /3x6).....[ (n+1)(n+2)/ n(n+3)]
=(2x3 /1x4)(3x4 /2x5)(4x5 /3x6).....[ (n+1)(n+2) /n(n+3)]
= 3x(n+1 /n+3)
Vì n+1 /n+3 <1 với mọi n thuộc N nên 3x(n+1 /n+3) <3
Vậy A<3
\(\left(1-\frac{1}{2}\right)\left(1-\frac{1}{3}\right)\left(1-\frac{1}{4}\right)...\left(1-\frac{1}{n+1}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}.\frac{2}{3}.\frac{3}{4}...\frac{n}{n+1}\)
\(=\frac{1}{n+1}\)
\(1+\frac{1}{2}.\left(1+2\right)+\frac{1}{3}.\left(1+2+3\right)...+\frac{1}{20}.\left(1+2+3+...+20\right)\)
\(=1+\frac{1}{2}.2.3:2+\frac{1}{3}.3.4:2+\frac{1}{4}.4.5:2+...+\frac{1}{20}.20.21:2\)
\(=\frac{2}{2}+\frac{3}{2}+\frac{4}{2}+\frac{5}{2}+...+\frac{21}{2}\)
\(=\frac{2+3+4+5+...+21}{2}=115\)
\(S=\left(\frac{1}{4\cdot9}+\frac{1}{9\cdot14}+\frac{1}{14\cdot19}+...+\frac{1}{44\cdot49}\right)\cdot\frac{1-3-5-7-...-49}{89}\\ S=\frac{1}{5}\left(\frac{5}{4\cdot9}+\frac{5}{9\cdot14}+\frac{5}{14\cdot19}+...+\frac{5}{44\cdot49}\right)\cdot\frac{1-\left(3+5+7+...+49\right)}{89}\\ S=\frac{1}{5}\left(\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{9}+\frac{1}{9}-\frac{1}{14}+\frac{1}{14}-\frac{1}{19}+....+\frac{1}{44}-\frac{1}{49}\right)\cdot\frac{1-\frac{\left(49+3\right)\cdot24}{2}}{89}\\ S=\frac{1}{5}\left(\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{49}\right)\cdot\left(-7\right)\\ S=\frac{1}{5}\cdot\frac{45}{196}\cdot\left(-7\right)\\ S=\frac{-9}{28}\)
\(\frac{3}{9}\)- \(\frac{3}{14}\)+ \(\frac{3}{14}-\frac{3}{19}+\frac{3}{19}-\frac{3}{24}+...+\frac{3}{5n-1}-\frac{3}{5n-4}=\frac{3}{9}-\frac{3}{5n-4}=\frac{3\left(5n-4\right)}{9\left(5n-4\right)}-\frac{27}{9\left(5n-4\right)}=\frac{15n-12-27}{45n-36}=\frac{15n-39}{45n-36}\)
\(\frac{15n-39}{45n-36};\frac{1}{5}\)
so sanh
\(\frac{\left(15n-39\right)5}{\left(45n-36\right)5}=\frac{75n-195}{225n-180}\)
\(\frac{1}{5}=\frac{45n-36}{5\left(45n-36\right)}=\frac{45n-36}{225n-180}\)
vì 75n-195 < 45n-36 suy ra dãy số trên bé hơn 1/5