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Sửa đề: \(\dfrac{2}{xy}:\left(\dfrac{1}{x}-\dfrac{1}{y}\right)^2:\dfrac{x^2+y^2}{\left(x-y\right)^2}=\dfrac{2xy}{x^2+y^2}\)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{2}{xy}:\left(\dfrac{1}{x}-\dfrac{1}{y}\right)^2:\dfrac{x^2+y^2}{\left(x-y\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{2}{xy}:\left(\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}-\dfrac{2}{xy}\right):\dfrac{x^2+y^2}{\left(x-y\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{2}{xy}:\left(\dfrac{x^2+y^2}{x^2y^2}-\dfrac{2xy}{x^2y^2}\right):\dfrac{x^2+y^2}{\left(x-y\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{2}{xy}:\dfrac{x^2-2xy+y^2}{\left(xy\right)^2}:\dfrac{x^2+y^2}{\left(x-y\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{2}{xy}\cdot\dfrac{\left(xy\right)^2}{\left(x-y\right)^2}:\dfrac{x^2+y^2}{\left(x-y\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{2xy}{\left(x-y\right)^2}:\dfrac{x^2+y^2}{\left(x-y\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{2xy}{\left(x-y\right)^2}\cdot\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)^2}{x^2+y^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{2xy}{x^2+y^2}\)
Thật đấy ạ, nãy giờ ngồi nháp mãi vẫn không hiểu sao đề bắt chứng minh nó bằng 1 được:(
BĐT cần chứng minh tương đương:
\(x^4+y^4\ge x^3y+xy^3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^4-x^3y+y^4-xy^3\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3\left(x-y\right)-y^3\left(x-y\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)\left(x^3-y^3\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
Vậy BĐT đã cho đúng
Ta có bất đẳng thức $a^2+b^2 \geq \dfrac{(a+b)^2}{2}
$⇔2.(a^2+b^2) \geq (a+b)^2$
$⇔(a-b)^2 \geq 0$ (đúng)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức trên cho $\dfrac{x}{y}$ và $\dfrac{y}{x}$ có:
$\dfrac{x^2}{y^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{x^2} $
$\geq \dfrac{(\dfrac{x}{y}+\dfrac{y}{x})^2}{2}$
Hay $2.\dfrac{x^2}{y^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{x^2} \geq (\dfrac{x}{y}+\dfrac{y}{x})^2$
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy (Cô-si) có:
$\dfrac{x}{y}+\dfrac{y}{x} \geq 2.\sqrt[]{\dfrac{x}{y}.\dfrac{y}{x}}=2$
Nên $(\dfrac{x}{y}+\dfrac{y}{x}).(\dfrac{x}{y}+\dfrac{y}{x}) \geq 2.(\dfrac{x}{y}+\dfrac{y}{x})$
Hay $ (\dfrac{x}{y}+\dfrac{y}{x})^2 \geq 2.(\dfrac{x}{y}+\dfrac{y}{x})$
Suy ra $2.\dfrac{x^2}{y^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{x^2} \geq 2.(\dfrac{x}{y}+\dfrac{y}{x})$
Hay $\dfrac{x^2}{y^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{x^2} \geq (\dfrac{x}{y}+\dfrac{y}{x})(đpcm)$
Dấu $=$ xảy ra $⇔x=y$
a,\(\frac{x^2+y^2-xy}{x^2-y^2}:\frac{x^3+y^3}{x^2+y^2-2xy} =\frac{x^2+y^2-xy}{(x-y)(x+y)}\frac{(x+y)^2}{(x+y) (x^2-xy+y^2)}=\frac{1}{x-y} \)
b,\(\frac{x^3y+xy^3}{x^4y}:(x^2+y^2)=\frac{xy(x^2+y^2)}{x^4y(x^2+y^2)}=\frac{1}{x^3} \)
c,\(\frac{x^2-xy}{y}:\frac{x^2-xy}{xy+y}:\frac{x^2-1}{x^2+y} =\frac{x(x-y)y(x+y)(x^2+y)}{yx(x-y)(x^2-1)} =\frac{(x^2+y)(x+y)}{x^2-1} \)
d,\(\frac{x^2+y}{y}:(\frac{z}{x^2}:\frac{xy}{x^2y})=\frac{x^2+y}{ y}:(\frac{z}{x^2}\frac{x^2y}{xy})=\frac{x^2+y}{y}\frac{z}{x} \)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{y}{x-y}-\dfrac{x^3-xy^2}{x^2+y^2}\cdot\left(\dfrac{x}{x^2-2xy+y^2}-\dfrac{y}{x^2-y^2}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{y}{x-y}-\dfrac{x\left(x^2-y^2\right)}{x^2+y^2}\cdot\left(\dfrac{x\left(x+y\right)}{\left(x-y\right)^2\cdot\left(x+y\right)}-\dfrac{y\cdot\left(x-y\right)}{\left(x-y\right)^2\cdot\left(x+y\right)}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{y}{x-y}-\dfrac{x\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}{x^2+y^2}\cdot\dfrac{x^2+xy-xy+y^2}{\left(x-y\right)^2\left(x+y\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{y}{x-y}-\dfrac{x\cdot\left(x^2+y^2\right)}{\left(x^2+y^2\right)\cdot\left(x-y\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{y}{x-y}-\dfrac{x}{x-y}\)
\(=\dfrac{y-x}{x-y}=\dfrac{-\left(x-y\right)}{x-y}=-1\)
\(a,\dfrac{1}{3x-3y}=\dfrac{x-y}{3\left(x-y\right)^2};\dfrac{1}{x^2-2xy+y^2}=\dfrac{3}{3\left(x-y\right)^2}\\ b,\dfrac{3}{x^2-3x}=\dfrac{6}{2x\left(x-3\right)};\dfrac{5}{2x-6}=\dfrac{5x}{2x\left(x-3\right)}\\ c,\dfrac{x}{x+3}=\dfrac{x^2-3x}{\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)};\dfrac{1}{3-x}=\dfrac{-x-3}{\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)};\dfrac{1}{x^2-9}=\dfrac{1}{\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)}\)
\(d,\dfrac{1}{x^2+xy}=\dfrac{xy-y^2}{xy\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y\right)};\dfrac{1}{xy-y^2}=\dfrac{x^2+xy}{xy\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)};\dfrac{2}{y^2-x^2}=\dfrac{-2xy}{xy\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}\)
a)\(\dfrac{2x^2-10xy}{2xy}+\dfrac{5y-x}{y}+\dfrac{x+2y}{x}\)
\(=\dfrac{2x\left(x-5y\right)}{2xy}+\dfrac{5y-x}{y}+\dfrac{x+2y}{x}\)
\(=\dfrac{x-5y}{y}+\dfrac{5y-x}{y}+\dfrac{x+2y}{x}\)
\(=\dfrac{x\left(x-5y\right)+x\left(5y-x\right)+y\left(x+2y\right)}{xy}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2-5xy+5xy-x^2+xy+2y^2}{xy}\)
\(=\dfrac{y\left(x+2y\right)}{xy}\)
b) \(\dfrac{x+1}{2x-2}+\dfrac{x^2+3}{2-2x^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{x+1}{2x-2}-\dfrac{x^2+3}{2x^2-2}\)
\(=\dfrac{x+1}{2\left(x-1\right)}-\dfrac{x^2+3}{2\left(x^2-1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x+1}{2\left(x-1\right)}-\dfrac{x^2+3}{2\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}\) MTC: \(2\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x+1\right)\left(x+1\right)}{2\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}-\dfrac{x^2+3}{2\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x+1\right)\left(x+1\right)-\left(x^2+3\right)}{2\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x+1\right)^2-x^2-3}{2\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}\)
e) \(\dfrac{2x^2-xy}{x-y}+\dfrac{xy+y^2}{y-x}+\dfrac{2y^2-x^2}{x-y}\)
\(=\dfrac{2x^2-xy}{x-y}-\dfrac{xy+y^2}{x-y}+\dfrac{2y^2-x^2}{x-y}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(2x^2-xy\right)-\left(xy+y^2\right)+\left(2y^2-x^2\right)}{x-y}\)
\(=\dfrac{2x^2-xy-xy-y^2+2y^2-x^2}{x-y}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2-2xy+y^2}{x-y}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)^2}{x-y}\)
\(=x-y\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{x\left(x+y\right)}{x^2\left(x+y\right)+y^2\left(x+y\right)}+\dfrac{y}{x^2+y^2}\right):\left(\dfrac{1}{x-y}-\dfrac{2xy}{x^2\left(x-y\right)+y^2\left(x-y\right)}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{x+y}{x^2+y^2}:\left(\dfrac{1}{x-y}-\dfrac{2xy}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{x+y}{x^2+y^2}:\dfrac{x^2+y^2-2xy}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x+y}{x^2+y^2}\cdot\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)}{\left(x-y\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{x+y}{x-y}\)