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Bài 1:
b) Ta có: \(\left(2n-3\right)\left(2n+3\right)-4n\left(n-9\right)\)
\(=4n^2-9-4n^2+36n\)
\(=36n-9⋮9\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(n^4+2n^3+2n^2+2n+1=\left(n^4+2n^3+n^2\right)+\left(n^2+2n+1\right)=\left(n^2+1\right)\left(n+1\right)^2\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Câu hỏi của Nghĩa Nguyễn - Toán lớp 9 - Học toán với OnlineMath
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Lời giải:
Ta có: \(4+(2n-1)^4=[(2n-1)^2+2]^2-[2(2n-1)]^2\)
\(=[(2n-1)^2+2-2(2n-1)][(2n-1)^2+2+2(2n-1)]\)
\(\Rightarrow \frac{2n-1}{4+(2n-1)^4}=\frac{2n-1}{[(2n-1)^2+2-2(2n-1)][(2n-1)^2+2+2(2n-1)]}\)
\(=\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{(2n-1)^2+2-2(2n-1)}-\frac{1}{(2n-1)^2+2+2(2n-1)}\right)\)
Do đó:
\(\frac{1}{4+1^4}=\frac{1}{4}(1-\frac{1}{5})\)
\(\frac{3}{4+3^4}=\frac{1}{4}(\frac{1}{5}-\frac{1}{17})\)
\(\frac{5}{4+5^4}=\frac{1}{4}(\frac{1}{17}-\frac{1}{37})\)
......
Do đó:
\(\frac{1}{4+1^4}+\frac{3}{4+3^4}+...+\frac{2n-1}{4+(2n-1)^4}=\frac{1}{4}(1-\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5}-\frac{1}{17}+...+\frac{1}{(2n-1)^2+2-2(2n-1)}-\frac{1}{(2n-1)^2+2+2(2n-1)})\)
\(=\frac{1}{4}(1-\frac{1}{(2n-1)^2+2+2(2n-1)})=\frac{1}{4}(1-\frac{1}{(2n-1+1)^2+1})\)
\(=\frac{1}{4}(1-\frac{1}{4n^2+1})=\frac{n^2}{4n^2+1}\)
Ta có đpcm.
n=1 ; \(\dfrac{1}{4+1^4}=\dfrac{1}{5}=\dfrac{1^2}{4.^2+1}=\dfrac{1}{5};dung\)
giả sử n =k đúng \(\Leftrightarrow S=\dfrac{1}{4+1^4}+...+\dfrac{2k-1}{4+\left(2k-1\right)^4}=\dfrac{k^2}{4k^2+1}\) (*)
cần c/m đúng n =k+1 ;
c/m
với n=k+1
\(S=\left(\dfrac{1}{4+1^4}+...+\dfrac{2k-1}{4+\left(2k-1\right)^4}\right)+\dfrac{2\left(k+1\right)-1}{4+\left(2\left(k+1\right)-1\right)^4}\)
từ (*) =>\(S=\dfrac{k^2}{4k^2+1}+\dfrac{2\left(k+1\right)-1}{4+\left(2\left(k+1\right)-1\right)^4}\)
\(k+1=t\Leftrightarrow k=t-1\)
\(S=\dfrac{t^2-2t+1}{4\left(t^2-2t+1\right)+1}+\dfrac{2t-1}{4+\left(2t-1\right)^4}\)
\(S=\dfrac{t^2-2t+2}{4t^2-8t+5}+\dfrac{2t-1}{\left(4t^2+1\right)\left(4t^2-8t+5\right)}=\dfrac{\left(t^2-2t+1\right)\left(4t^2+1\right)+2t-1}{\left(4t^2+1\right)\left(4t^2-8t+5\right)}\)\(S=\dfrac{t^2\left(4t^2-8t+5\right)}{\left(4t^2+1\right)\left(4t^2-8t+5\right)}=\dfrac{t^2}{\left(4t^2+1\right)}=\dfrac{\left(k+1\right)^2}{4\left(k+1\right)^2+1}\)
Vậy tổng trên đúng với k +1
theo Quy nạp ta có dpcm
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a) 2n^3 + 2n^2 - 2n^3 - 2n^2 + 6n = 6n chia hết 6
b) 3n - 2n^2 - ( n + 4n^2 - 1 - 4n ) - 1
= 3n - 2n^2 - n - 4n^2 + 1 + 4n -1
= 6n - 6n^2 chia hết 6
c) m^3 + 8 - m^3 + m^2 - 9 - m^2 - 18
= - 19
Bài 1:
\(2n^2\left(n+1\right)-2n\left(n^2+n-3\right)\)
\(=2n\left(n^2+n-n^2-n+3\right)\)
\(=6n\)\(⋮\)\(6\)
Bài 2:
\(n\left(3-2n\right)-\left(n-1\right)\left(1+4n\right)-1\)
\(=3n-2n^2-\left(n+4n^2-1-4n\right)-1\)
\(=6n-6n^2=6\left(n-n^2\right)\)\(⋮\)\(6\)
Bài 3:
\(\left(m^2-2m+4\right)\left(m+2\right)-m^3+\left(m+3\right)\left(m-3\right)-m^2-18\)
\(=m^3+8-m^3+m^2-9-m^2-18\)
\(=-19\)
\(\Rightarrow\)đpcm
-Với n=1, ta thấy bthức đúng.
-Với n=k, có: \(\frac{1}{4+1^4}+\frac{3}{4+3^4}+...+\frac{2k-1}{4+\left(2k-1\right)^4}=\frac{k^2}{4k^2+1}=\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{4}.\frac{1}{4k^2+1}\)
-Giả sử bthức đúng với n=k+1, có:
\(\left(\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{4}.\frac{1}{4\left(k+1\right)^2+1}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{4}.\frac{1}{4k^2+1}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{4k^2+1}-\frac{1}{4\left(k+1\right)^2+1}\right)\)
\(=\frac{2k+1}{\left(4k^2+1\right)\left(4\left(k+1\right)^2+1\right)}=\frac{2k+1}{4+\left(2k+1\right)^4}\)
Vậy ta có đpcm.