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Điều kiện: \(x\ge2012;y\ge2013;z\ge2014\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy, ta có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{\sqrt{x-2012}-1}{x-2012}=\dfrac{\sqrt{4\left(x-2012\right)}-2}{2\left(x-2012\right)}\le\dfrac{\dfrac{4+x-2012}{2}-2}{2\left(x-2012\right)}=\dfrac{1}{4}\\\dfrac{\sqrt{y-2013}-1}{y-2013}=\dfrac{\sqrt{4\left(y-2013\right)}-2}{2\left(y-2013\right)}\le\dfrac{\dfrac{4+y-2013}{2}-2}{2\left(y-2013\right)}=\dfrac{1}{4}\\\dfrac{\sqrt{z-2014}-1}{z-2014}=\dfrac{\sqrt{4\left(z-2014\right)}-2}{2\left(z-2014\right)}\le\dfrac{\dfrac{4+z-2014}{2}-2}{2\left(z-2014\right)}=\dfrac{1}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Cộng vế theo vế, ta được:
\(\dfrac{\sqrt{x-2012}-1}{x-2012}+\dfrac{\sqrt{y-2013}-1}{y-2013}+\dfrac{\sqrt{z-2014}-1}{z-2014}\le\dfrac{3}{4}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(x=2016;y=2017;z=2018\)
Vậy....
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{1}{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}+n\sqrt{n+1}}=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n\left(n+1\right)}\left(\sqrt{n}+\sqrt{n+1}\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}}{\sqrt{n\left(n+1\right)}}=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\)
Thế vô bài toán ta được
\(A=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{1}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+...+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2012}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2013}}=1-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2013}}\)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{1}{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}+n\sqrt{n+1}}=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n\left(n+1\right)}\left(\sqrt{n}+\sqrt{n+1}\right)}=\dfrac{\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}}{\sqrt{n.\left(n+1\right)}}=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\)
Sau đó thế vô bài toán và làm tiếp như bác ctv là ta hoàn thành bài toán!
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
ĐKXĐ : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ge2011\\y\ge2012\\z\ge2013\end{matrix}\right.\)
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\sqrt{x-2011}\ge0\\b=\sqrt{y-2012}\ge0\\c=\sqrt{z-2013}\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\) ta có :
\(\frac{a-1}{a^2}+\frac{b-1}{b^2}+\frac{c-1}{c^2}=\frac{3}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}-\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{b^2}-\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{c^2}-\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{4}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{1}{a}-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{b}-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{c}-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=2\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2015\\y=2016\\z=2017\end{matrix}\right.\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(M=\dfrac{1}{1+\sqrt{2}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}}+...+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2012}+\sqrt{2013}}\)
\(=\sqrt{2}-1+\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}+...+\sqrt{2013}-\sqrt{2012}\)
\(=\sqrt{2013}-1\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Ta có :\(\frac{2012}{\sqrt{2013}}+\frac{2013}{\sqrt{2012}}=\frac{2013-1}{\sqrt{2013}}+\frac{2012+1}{\sqrt{2012}}\)
=>\(\frac{2013}{\sqrt{2013}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2013}}+\frac{2012}{\sqrt{2012}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2012}}\)
=>\(\sqrt{2013}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2013}}+\sqrt{2012}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2012}}\)
Mà \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2012}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2013}}>0\)
Vậy \(\sqrt{2012}+\sqrt{2013}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2012}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2013}}>\sqrt{2012}+\sqrt{2013}\)
Hay \(\frac{2012}{\sqrt{2013}}+\frac{2013}{\sqrt{2012}}>\sqrt{2012}+\sqrt{2013}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(S=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{1.2012}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2.2011}}+...+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2012.1}}>\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{1+2012}{2}}+\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{2+2011}{2}}+...+\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{2012+1}{2}}=\dfrac{2012}{\dfrac{2013}{2}}=\dfrac{4024}{2013}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
ĐKXĐ: \(x-2013\ge0\Leftrightarrow x\ge2013\)
Ta có:
\(A=\sqrt{x-2013-2\sqrt{x-2013}+1}+\sqrt{x-2013-90\sqrt{x-2013}+2025}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x-2013}-1\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x-2013}-45\right)^2}\)
\(=\left|\sqrt{x-2013}-1\right|+\left|\sqrt{x-2013}-45\right|\)
\(=\left|\sqrt{x-2013}-1\right|+\left|45-\sqrt{x-2013}\right|\)
\(\ge\left|\sqrt{x-2013}-1+45-\sqrt{x-2013}\right|\)
\(=\left|-1+45\right|=\left|44\right|=44\)
Vậy GTNN của A là 44, đạt được khi và chỉ khi \(\left(\sqrt{x-2013}-1\right)\left(45-\sqrt{x-2013}\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1\le\sqrt{x-2013}\le45\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1\le x-2013\le2025\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2014\le x\le4038\left(tm\right)\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{2012}=a;\sqrt{2013}=b\)
Theo đề, ta có: \(\dfrac{a^2}{b}+\dfrac{b^2}{a}-\left(a+b\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{a^3+b^3}{ab}-\dfrac{ab\left(a+b\right)}{ab}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)-ab\left(a+b\right)}{ab}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^3-4ab\left(a+b\right)}{ab}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)\left(a-b\right)^2}{ab}>0\)(đpcm)