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\(B=\frac{a+b}{c}+\frac{b+c}{a}+\frac{c+a}{b}=\frac{a}{c}+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{b}{a}+\frac{c}{a}+\frac{c}{b}+\frac{a}{b}\)
\(B=\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\right)+\left(\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{b}\right)+\left(\frac{a}{c}+\frac{c}{a}\right)\)
Ta cần CM \(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\ge2\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si:\(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{a}{b}.\frac{b}{a}}\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\ge2\)
Tương tự,ta cũng có:\(\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{b}\ge2;\frac{a}{c}+\frac{c}{a}\ge2\)
\(\Rightarrow B\ge2+2+2=6\left(đpcm\right)\)
(*) t chỉ ms lớp 7 thôi nên cũng ko chắc đúng ko nhé!
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(B=\frac{a}{c}+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{b}{a}+\frac{c}{a}+\frac{c}{b}+\frac{a}{b}=\frac{a}{c}+\frac{c}{a}+\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{b}\ge2+2+2=6 \)
\(A=1+\frac{a}{b}+1+\frac{b}{a}=2+\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\ge2+2=4\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Ta có: \(A=\left(a+b\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)=a\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)+b\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)=1+\frac{a}{b}+1+\frac{b}{a}\)
=> \(A=2+\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\)
Ta lại có: \(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{a}{b}.\frac{b}{a}}=2\)
=> \(A=2+\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\ge2+2=4\)
=> \(A\ge4\) => đpcm
Xét A , ta thấy
\(A=\left(a+b\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)=a\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)+b\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\)
\(A=1+\frac{a}{b}+1+\frac{b}{a}=2+\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức trung bình cộng , trung bình nhân , ta có :
\(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\ge2.\sqrt{\frac{a}{b}.\frac{b}{a}}=2\)
\(\Rightarrow A=2+\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\ge2+2=4\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Bài 2:
A = (a+b)(1/a+1/b)
Có: \(a+b\ge2\sqrt{ab}\)
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{1}{ab}}\)
=> \(\left(a+b\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\ge2\sqrt{ab}.2\sqrt{\frac{1}{ab}}=4\)
=> ĐPCM
1.b)
Pt (1) : 4(n + 1) + 3n - 6 < 19
<=> 4n + 4 + 3n - 6 < 19
<=> 7n - 2 < 19
<=> 7n - 2 - 19 < 0
<=> 7n - 21 < 0
<=> n < 3
Pt (2) : (n - 3)^2 - (n + 4)(n - 4) ≤ 43
<=> n^2 - 6n + 9 - n^2 + 16 ≤ 43
<=> -6n + 25 ≤ 43
<=> -6n ≤ 18
<=> n ≥ -3
Vì n < 3 và n ≥ -3 => -3 ≤ n ≤ 3.
Vậy S = {x ∈ R ; -3 ≤ n ≤ 3}
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức có:
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge\frac{16}{a+a+b+c}=\frac{16}{2a+b+c}\)<=> \(\frac{2}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge\frac{16}{2a+b+c}\)
Tương tự: \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{2}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge\frac{16}{a+2b+c}\) và \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{2}{c}\ge\frac{16}{a+b+2c}\)
Cộng 2 vế với nhau ta được:
\(\frac{2}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{2}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{2}{c}\ge\frac{16}{2a+b+c}+\frac{16}{a+2b+c}+\frac{16}{a+b+2c}\)
<=> \(\frac{4}{a}+\frac{4}{b}+\frac{4}{c}\ge16\left(\frac{1}{2a+b+c}+\frac{1}{a+2b+c}+\frac{1}{a+b+2c}\right)\)
=> \(\frac{1}{2a+b+c}+\frac{1}{a+2b+c}+\frac{1}{a+b+2c}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
1) Trước hết ta đi chứng minh BĐT : \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\) với \(a,b>0\) (1)
Thật vậy : BĐT (1) \(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a+b}{ab}-\frac{4}{a+b}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2-4ab}{ab\left(a+b\right)}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{ab\left(a+b\right)}\ge0\) ( luôn đúng )
Vì vậy BĐT (1) đúng.
Áp dụng vào bài toán ta có:
\(\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{4}{a+b}+\frac{4}{b+c}+\frac{4}{a+c}\right)\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{4}\cdot\left[2.\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\right]=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
Vậy ta có điều phải chứng minh !
Bài 1 :
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức \(\frac{1}{a+b}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\) với a , b > 0
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{a+b}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\\\frac{1}{b+c}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\\\frac{1}{a+c}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\end{cases}}\)
Cộng theo từng vế
\(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{a+c}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{c+a}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{2}{a}+\frac{2}{b}+\frac{2}{c}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{c+a}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)( đpcm)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Bạn tham khảo:
https://hoc24.vn/hoi-dap/question/862431.html
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\(\frac{\left(b+c\right)}{a}+\frac{\left(c+a\right)}{b}+\frac{\left(a+b\right)}{c}\)
\(=\frac{b}{a}+\frac{c}{a}+\frac{c}{b}+\frac{a}{b}+\frac{a}{c}+\frac{b}{c}\)
\(=\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\right)+\left(\frac{a}{c}+\frac{c}{a}\right)+\left(\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{b}\right)\)
mà \(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\ge2\)(dễ chứng minh)
chứng minh tương tự ta có
\(\frac{\left(b+c\right)}{a}+\frac{\left(c+a\right)}{b}+\frac{\left(a+b\right)}{c}\)\(\ge\)6
\(\left(\frac{\left(b+c\right)}{a}+\frac{\left(c+a\right)}{b}+\frac{\left(a+b\right)}{c}\right)^2\ge6^2=36\)(2) (a>0; b>0; c>0)
tiếp theo chứng minh
\(36\ge4\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\left(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\right)\)
\(18\ge2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\left(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\right)\)
\(18a^2+18b^2+18c^2\ge2ab+2bc+2ca\)
\(16\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)+\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(a^2-2ac+c^2\right)+\left(b^2-2bc+c^2\right)\ge0\)
\(16\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)+\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0\) (bất đẳng thức luôn đúng )
suy ra bất đẳng thức
\(36\ge4\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\left(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\right)\)luôn đúng (2)
từ (1) và (2) suy ra
\(\left(\frac{\left(b+c\right)}{a}+\frac{\left(c+a\right)}{b}+\frac{\left(a+b\right)}{c}\right)^2\ge\text{}\text{36}\ge\)\(4\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\left(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\right)\)
Diện tích hình chữ nhật là 5,8 mét vuông chiều dài là là 7,8 m tính chu vi hình chữ nhật
\(A=\left(a+b\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\ge4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a+b}{ab}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2\ge4ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+2ab+b^2-4ab\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-2ab+b^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\)( luôn đúng )
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b\)