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Áp dụng bđt Cô-si: \(a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2\)\(\ge4\sqrt[4]{a^2.b^2.c^2.d^2}\)\(=4\sqrt[4]{\left(abcd\right)^2}=4\sqrt[4]{1^2}=4;\)
\(a\left(b+c\right)+b\left(c+d\right)+d\left(c+a\right)=ab+ac+bc+bd+dc+da\)
\(\ge6\sqrt[6]{ab.ac.bc.bd.dc.da}=6\sqrt[6]{\left(abcd\right)^3}=6\sqrt[6]{1^3}=6\)
=>\(a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2\)\(a\left(b+c\right)+b\left(c+d\right)+d\left(c+a\right)\ge4+6=10\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a=b=c=d=1
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a) Xét tứ giác ABCD có
\(\widehat{A}+\widehat{B}+\widehat{C}+\widehat{D}=360^0\)(Định lí tổng bốn góc trong một tứ giác)
mà \(\dfrac{\widehat{A}}{1}=\dfrac{\widehat{B}}{2}=\dfrac{\widehat{C}}{3}=\dfrac{\widehat{D}}{4}\)
nên Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta được:
\(\dfrac{\widehat{A}}{1}=\dfrac{\widehat{B}}{2}=\dfrac{\widehat{C}}{3}=\dfrac{\widehat{D}}{4}=\dfrac{\widehat{A}+\widehat{B}+\widehat{C}+\widehat{D}}{1+2+3+4}=\dfrac{360^0}{10}=36^0\)
Do đó: \(\widehat{A}=36^0;\widehat{B}=72^0;\widehat{C}=108^0;\widehat{D}=144^0\)
Ta có: \(\widehat{B}+\widehat{C}=180^0\)
mà hai góc này là hai góc trong cùng phía
nên AB//CD(dấu hiệu nhận biết hai đường thẳng song song)
hay ABCD là hình thang
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abcd = 1 \(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}ab=\frac{1}{cd}\\ac=\frac{1}{bd}\\bc=\frac{1}{ad}\end{cases}}\)
Áp dụng bđt AM-GM ta có:
A = \(a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2+a\left(b+c\right)+b\left(c+d\right)+d\left(c+a\right)\)\(=\left(a^2+b^2+ab\right)+\left(c^2+d^2+cd\right)+ac+bc+bd+ad\)
\(=\left(a^2+b^2+ab\right)+\left(c^2+d^2+cd\right)+\left(\frac{1}{bd}+bd\right)+\left(\frac{1}{ad}+ad\right)\)
\(\ge3\sqrt{a^2.b^2.ab}+3\sqrt{c^2.d^2.cd}+2\sqrt{\frac{1}{bd}.bd}+2\sqrt{\frac{1}{ad}.ad}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A\ge3ab+3cd+2+2\)\(=\frac{3}{cd}+3cd+4\ge2\sqrt{\frac{3}{cd}.3cd}+4=6+4=10\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a = b = c = d = 1
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Ta có:
3a+2b-c-d=1 (1)
2a+2b-c+2d=2 (2)
4a-2b-2c+d=3 (3)
8a+b-6c+d=4 (4)
(1)+(2)+(3)-(4) vế theo vế ta được:
a+b+c+d=1+2+3-4=2
Vâp a+b+c+d=2
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\(abcd=1;ab=\frac{1}{cd};ad=\frac{1}{bc};ac=\frac{1}{bd}\)
Ta có : \(a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2+a\left(b+c\right)+b\left(c+d\right)+d\left(c+a\right)\)
\(=a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2+ab+ac+bc+bd+dc+ad\)
\(=a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2+\frac{1}{cd}+cd+\frac{1}{bd}+bd+\frac{1}{bc}+bc\)
\(\ge4\sqrt[4]{abcd}+2\sqrt{\frac{1}{cd}.cd}+2\sqrt{\frac{1}{bd}.bd}+2\sqrt{\frac{1}{bc}.bc}\)(Cauchy)
\(=4+2+2+2=10\)(đpcm)
Dấu"=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)
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\(1.\left(a-1\right)^2+\left(b-1\right)^2+\left(c-1\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+3\ge2\left(a+b+c\right)\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
\(2.\left(\frac{a}{2}-b\right)^2+\left(\frac{a}{2}-c\right)^2+\left(\frac{a}{2}-d\right)^2+\frac{a^2}{4}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2\ge a\left(b+c+d\right)\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=0\)
\(3.\left(\frac{a}{2}-b\right)^2+\left(\frac{a}{2}-c\right)^2+\left(\frac{a}{2}-d\right)^2+\left(\frac{a}{2}-e\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2+e^2\ge a\left(b+c+d+e\right)\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\frac{a}{2}=b=c=d=e\)
4. Ta có: \(\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\Rightarrow a^2+b^2\ge2ab\)
\(\left(c-d\right)^2\ge0\Rightarrow c^2+d^2\ge2cd\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2\ge2ab+2cd\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2+ab+cd\ge3ab+3cd\)
Ta lại có:\(\left(\sqrt{ab}-\sqrt{cd}\right)^2\ge0\Rightarrow ab+cd\ge2\sqrt{abcd}=2\)
\(\Rightarrow3\left(ab+cd\right)\ge6\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2+ab+cd\ge3\left(ab+cd\right)\ge6\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}a=b\\c=d\\ab=cd\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=d\)