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Ta có:
\(\dfrac{x}{yz}+\dfrac{y}{zx}+\dfrac{z}{xy}=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{x}{yz}+\dfrac{y}{zx}+\dfrac{x}{yz}+\dfrac{z}{xy}+\dfrac{y}{zx}+\dfrac{z}{xy}\right)\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{2}{z}+\dfrac{2}{y}+\dfrac{2}{x}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)+\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\left(x^2+\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{x}\right)+\dfrac{1}{2}\left(y^2+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)+\dfrac{1}{2}\left(z^2+\dfrac{1}{z}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{x^2}{x^2}}+\dfrac{3}{2}\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{y^2}{y^2}}+\dfrac{3}{2}\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{z^2}{z^2}}=\dfrac{9}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=1\)
Áp dụng BĐT BSC:
\(F=\dfrac{1}{2x+y+z}+\dfrac{1}{x+2y+z}+\dfrac{1}{x+y+2z}\)
\(\le\dfrac{1}{16}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)+\dfrac{1}{16}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)+\dfrac{1}{16}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{16}\left(\dfrac{4}{x}+\dfrac{4}{y}+\dfrac{4}{z}\right)=\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)=\dfrac{1}{4}.4=1\)
\(maxF=1\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=\dfrac{3}{4}\)
1) Áp dụng bđt Cauchy cho 3 số dương ta có
\(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{x}+x^3\ge4\sqrt[4]{\dfrac{1}{x}.\dfrac{1}{x}.\dfrac{1}{x}.x^3}=4\) (1)
\(\dfrac{3}{y^2}+y^2\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{3}{y^2}.y^2}=2\sqrt{3}\) (2)
\(\dfrac{3}{z^3}+z=\dfrac{3}{z^3}+\dfrac{z}{3}+\dfrac{z}{3}+\dfrac{z}{3}\ge4\sqrt[4]{\dfrac{3}{z^3}.\dfrac{z}{3}.\dfrac{z}{3}.\dfrac{z}{3}}=4\sqrt{3}\) (3)
Cộng (1);(2);(3) theo vế ta được
\(\left(\dfrac{3}{x}+\dfrac{3}{y^2}+\dfrac{3}{z^3}\right)+\left(x^3+y^2+z\right)\ge4+2\sqrt{3}+4\sqrt{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}+\dfrac{1}{z^3}\right)\ge3+4\sqrt{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P\ge\dfrac{3+4\sqrt{3}}{3}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x}=x^3\\\dfrac{3}{y^2}=y^2\\\dfrac{3}{z^3}=\dfrac{z}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=\sqrt[4]{3}\\z=\sqrt{3}\end{matrix}\right.\) (thỏa mãn giả thiết ban đầu)
2) Ta có \(4\sqrt{ab}=2.\sqrt{a}.2\sqrt{b}\le a+4b\)
Dấu"=" khi a = 4b
nên \(\dfrac{8}{7a+4b+4\sqrt{ab}}\ge\dfrac{8}{7a+4b+a+4b}=\dfrac{1}{a+b}\)
Khi đó \(P\ge\dfrac{1}{a+b}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a+b}}+\sqrt{a+b}\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{a+b}=t>0\) ta được
\(P\ge\dfrac{1}{t^2}-\dfrac{1}{t}+t=\left(\dfrac{1}{t^2}-\dfrac{2}{t}+1\right)+\dfrac{1}{t}+t-1\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{1}{t}-1\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{t}+t-1\)
Có \(\dfrac{1}{t}+t\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{t}.t}=2\) (BĐT Cauchy cho 2 số dương)
nên \(P=\left(\dfrac{1}{t}-1\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{t}+t-1\ge\left(\dfrac{1}{t}-1\right)^2+1\ge1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{t}-1=0\\t=\dfrac{1}{t}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow t=1\)(tm)
khi đó a + b = 1
mà a = 4b nên \(a=\dfrac{4}{5};b=\dfrac{1}{5}\)
Vậy MinP = 1 khi \(a=\dfrac{4}{5};b=\dfrac{1}{5}\)
Ta xét BĐT phụ: \(1+x^3+y^3\ge xy\left(x+y+z\right)\)
\(x^3+y^3\ge xy\left(x+y\right)+xyz-1\)
\(x^3+y^3-xy\left(x+y\right)\ge0\)
\(\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)-xy\left(x+y\right)\ge0\)
\(\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\)( Luôn đúng, vậy BĐT phụ đúng)
\(\sum\dfrac{\sqrt{1+x^3+y^3}}{xy}\ge\sum\dfrac{\sqrt{xy\left(x+y+z\right)}}{xy}=\sqrt{x+y+z}.\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{xy}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{yz}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{xz}}\right)\ge\sqrt{3\sqrt[3]{xyz}}.\left(3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x^2y^2z^2}}}\right)=3\sqrt{3}\)
GTNN của P là \(3\sqrt{3}\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=1\)
Bạn tham khảo:
cho x,y,z >0 thỏa mãn \(2\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}}\). CMR: \(\dfrac{3yz}{x}+\dfrac{4zx}{y}+\dfrac{5xy}{z}\ge... - Hoc24
+,3 = x + y + z \(\ge\) \(3\sqrt[3]{xyz}\Rightarrow xyz\le1\)
+, P \(\ge\) \(3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{1}{xyz\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)\left(z+1\right)}}\ge\dfrac{3}{\sqrt[3]{\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)\left(z+1\right)}}\ge\dfrac{3}{\dfrac{x+y+z+3}{3}}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(P\ge\dfrac{\sqrt{3\sqrt[3]{x^3y^3}}}{xy}+\dfrac{\sqrt{3\sqrt[3]{y^3z^3}}}{yz}+\dfrac{\sqrt{3\sqrt[3]{z^3x^3}}}{zx}\)
\(P\ge\sqrt{3}\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{xy}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{yz}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{zx}}\right)\ge\sqrt{3}.3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{xy.yz.zx}}}=3\sqrt{3}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=1\)
Ta có bất đẳng thức sau \(x^3+y^3\ge xy\left(x+y\right)\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0.\)
Do đó:
\(P=\sum\dfrac{\sqrt{1+x^3+y^3}}{xy}\ge\sum\dfrac{\sqrt{xyz+xy\left(x+y\right)}}{xy}\)
\(=\sqrt{x+y+z}\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{xy}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{yz}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{zx}}\right)\ge\sqrt{3\sqrt[3]{xyz}}\cdot3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{xy}}\cdot\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{yz}}\cdot\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{zx}}}=3\sqrt{3}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi $x=y=z=1.$
Áp dụng BĐT cauchy:
\(\dfrac{1}{xy}+\dfrac{1}{yz}+\dfrac{1}{zx}\ge\dfrac{9}{xy+yz+zx}\)
\(M\ge\dfrac{1}{x^2+y^2+z^2}+\dfrac{9}{xy+yz+xz}=\dfrac{1}{x^2+y^2+z^2}+\dfrac{4}{2\left(xy+yz+xz\right)}+\dfrac{7}{xy+yz+zx}\)Áp dụng BĐT cauchy-schwarz:
\(\dfrac{1}{x^2+y^2+z^2}+\dfrac{4}{2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}\ge\dfrac{\left(1+2\right)^2}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}=9\)
và \(\dfrac{7}{xy+yz+xz}\ge\dfrac{7}{\dfrac{1}{3}\left(x+y+z\right)^2}=21\)
\(\Rightarrow M\ge9+21=30\)
dấu = xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
cô si cho đễ hiểu đi bn , cần gì phải cauchy s,. làm gì cho mệt
Làm biến nghĩ nên làm cosi cho nó nhanh nhá:
Theo đề bài thì
\(3\sqrt[3]{xyz}\le x+y+z\le1\)
\(\Rightarrow xyz\le\dfrac{1}{27}\)
Ta có:
\(x+\dfrac{1}{y}=x+\dfrac{1}{9y}+\dfrac{1}{9y}+...+\dfrac{1}{9y}\ge10\sqrt[10]{\dfrac{x}{9^9y^9}}\left(1\right)\)
Tương tự ta có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y+\dfrac{1}{z}\ge10\sqrt[10]{\dfrac{y}{9^9z^9}}\left(2\right)\\z+\dfrac{1}{x}\ge10\sqrt[10]{\dfrac{z}{9^9x^9}}\left(3\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Từ (1), (2), (3) ta có:
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)\left(y+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)\left(z+\dfrac{1}{x}\right)\ge1000\sqrt[10]{\dfrac{1}{9^{27}\left(xyz\right)^8}}=1000\sqrt[10]{\dfrac{27^8}{9^{27}}}=\dfrac{1000}{27}\)