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\(y^2+z^2-x^2=y^2+\left(z-x\right)\left(z+x\right)=y^2+y\left(x-z\right)=y\left(x+y-z\right)=-2yz\)
\(\Rightarrow P=-\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{x^2}{yz}+\frac{y^2}{zx}+\frac{z^2}{xy}\right)=-\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{x^3+y^3+z^3}{xyz}\right)\)
Mặt khác \(x^3+y^3+z^3=x^3+y^3+3xy\left(x+y\right)+z^3-3xy\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)^3+z^3-3xy\left(-z\right)=\left(x+y\right)^3+\left(-x-y\right)^3+3xyz=3xyz\)
\(\Rightarrow P=-\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{3xyz}{xyz}\right)=-\frac{3}{2}\)
Ta có \(\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2=\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}+\frac{2}{xyz}\left(x+y+z\right)=\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}+\frac{1}{xyz}=4\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=2\)(vì \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}>0\))
Mặt khác, ta có : \(\frac{1}{x+y+z}=2\) .
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=\frac{1}{x+y+z}\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\left(\frac{1}{z}-\frac{1}{x+y+z}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x+y}{xy}+\frac{x+y}{z\left(x+y+z\right)}=0\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left(\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{z\left(x+y+z\right)}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}{xyz\left(x+y+z\right)}=0\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)=0\)
=> x+y = 0 hoặc y + z = 0 hoặc z + x = 0
Từ đó suy ra P = 0 (lí do vì x,y,z là các số mũ lẻ)
\(a=\frac{1}{x};b=\frac{1}{y};c=\frac{1}{z}\Rightarrow ab+bc+ca=1\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\frac{2a}{\sqrt{1+a^2}}+\frac{2b}{\sqrt{1+b^2}}+\frac{2c}{\sqrt{1+c^2}}\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM: \(P=\frac{2a}{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}+\frac{b}{\sqrt{\left(b+c\right)\left(b+a\right)}}+\frac{c}{\sqrt{\left(c+a\right)\left(c+b\right)}}\)
\(\le a\left(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{a+c}\right)+b\left(\frac{1}{4\left(a+b\right)}+\frac{1}{a-b}\right)-c\left(\frac{1}{4\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{1}{a-c}\right)=\frac{9}{4}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(\left(x;y;z\right)=\left(\frac{\sqrt{15}}{7};\sqrt{15};\sqrt{15}\right)\)
Cay, đánh xong rồi tự nhiên bấm hủy :v
Ta có:\(x+y+z=xyz\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{yz}+\frac{1}{zx}=1\)
Đặt \(\left(\frac{1}{x};\frac{1}{y};\frac{1}{z}\right)\rightarrow\left(a;b;c\right)\Rightarrow ab+bc+ca=1\)
Khi đó:
\(A=\frac{a^2\left(1+2b\right)}{b}+\frac{b^2\left(1+2c\right)}{c}+\frac{c^2\left(1+2a\right)}{a}\)
\(=\frac{a^2}{b}+\frac{b^2}{c}+\frac{c^2}{a}+2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\)
\(\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{a+b+c}+2\cdot\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}\)
\(=a+b+c+\frac{2\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}\)
\(\ge\sqrt{3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}+\frac{6\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{3}\)
\(=2+\sqrt{3}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra tại \(x=y=z=\sqrt{3}\)
zZz Cool Kid_new zZz. Sai đề rồi bạn êii !
Nếu bạn đặt như vậy thì
\(A=\frac{y-2}{x^2}+\frac{z-2}{y^2}+\frac{x-2}{z^2}\)
\(=\frac{a^2\left(1-2b\right)}{b}+\frac{b^2\left(1-2c\right)}{c}+\frac{c^2\left(1-2a\right)}{a}\)
\(=\frac{a^2}{b}+\frac{b^2}{c}+\frac{c^2}{a}-2.\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cô si ta có:
\(x+y\ge2\sqrt{xy}=2\cdot\frac{1}{\sqrt{z}};y+z\ge2\sqrt{yz}=2\cdot\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}};z+x\ge2\sqrt{xz}=2\cdot\frac{1}{\sqrt{y}}.\)( vì xyz=1)
=> P\(\ge\)\(\frac{2x\sqrt{x}}{y\sqrt{y}+2z\sqrt{z}}\)+ \(\frac{2y\sqrt{y}}{z\sqrt{z}+2x\sqrt{x}}+\frac{2z\sqrt{z}}{x\sqrt{x}+2y\sqrt{y}}\)
Đặt \(\hept{\begin{cases}a=y\sqrt{y}+2z\sqrt{z}\\b=z\sqrt{z}+2x\sqrt{x}\\c=x\sqrt{x}+2y\sqrt{y}\end{cases}\left(a;b;c\ge0\right)}\)<=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}4a+b=2c+9z\sqrt{z}\\4b+c=2a+9x\sqrt{x}\\4c+a=2b+9y\sqrt{y}\end{cases}}\)
<=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}z\sqrt{z}=\frac{4a+b-2c}{9}\\x\sqrt{x}=\frac{4b+c-2a}{9}\\y\sqrt{y}=\frac{4c+a-2b}{9}\end{cases}}\)
Do đó:
P \(\ge\)\(\frac{2}{9}\cdot\left(\frac{4a+b-2c}{c}+\frac{4b+c-2a}{a}+\frac{4c+a-2b}{b}\right)\)
<=> P \(\ge\)\(\frac{2}{9}\left(4\left(\frac{a}{c}+\frac{b}{a}+\frac{c}{b}\right)+\left(\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{a}+\frac{a}{b}\right)-6\right)\)
<=> P \(\ge\frac{2}{9}\cdot\left(4\cdot3\cdot\sqrt[3]{\frac{a}{c}\cdot\frac{b}{a}\cdot\frac{c}{b}}+3\cdot\sqrt[3]{\frac{b}{c}\cdot\frac{c}{a}\cdot\frac{a}{b}}-6\right)\)( Áp dụng BĐT Cô si cho 3 số ko âm)
<=> P \(\ge\frac{2}{9}\left(12+3-6\right)=2\)( đpcm)
Dấu = khi x=y=z=1.
Ta có: \(x^2\left(y+z\right)\ge x^2.2\sqrt{yz}=2\sqrt{x^4}.\sqrt{\frac{1}{x}}=2x\sqrt{x}\)(Áp dụng BĐT Cô - si cho 2 số dương y,z và sử dụng giả thiết xyz = 1)
Hoàn toàn tương tự: \(y^2\left(z+x\right)\ge2y\sqrt{y};z^2\left(x+y\right)\ge2z\sqrt{z}\)
Do đó \(P=\frac{x^2\left(y+z\right)}{y\sqrt{y}+2z\sqrt{z}}+\frac{y^2\left(z+x\right)}{z\sqrt{z}+2x\sqrt{x}}+\frac{z^2\left(x+y\right)}{x\sqrt{x}+2y\sqrt{y}}\)
\(\ge\frac{2x\sqrt{x}}{y\sqrt{y}+2z\sqrt{z}}+\frac{2y\sqrt{y}}{z\sqrt{z}+2x\sqrt{x}}+\frac{2z\sqrt{z}}{x\sqrt{x}+2y\sqrt{y}}\)
Đặt \(a=x\sqrt{x}+2y\sqrt{y}\), \(b=y\sqrt{y}+2z\sqrt{z}\), \(c=z\sqrt{z}+2x\sqrt{x}\)
Suy ra: \(x\sqrt{x}=\frac{4c+a-2b}{9}\), \(y\sqrt{y}=\frac{4a+b-2c}{9}\), \(z\sqrt{z}=\frac{4b+c-2a}{9}\)
Do đó \(P\ge\frac{2}{9}\left(\frac{4c+a-2b}{b}+\frac{4a+b-2c}{c}+\frac{4b+c-2a}{a}\right)\)
\(=\frac{2}{9}\left[4\left(\frac{c}{b}+\frac{a}{c}+\frac{b}{a}\right)+\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{a}\right)-6\right]\)
\(\ge\frac{2}{9}\left[4.3\sqrt[3]{\frac{c}{b}.\frac{a}{c}.\frac{b}{a}}+3\sqrt[3]{\frac{a}{b}.\frac{b}{c}.\frac{c}{a}}-6\right]\)(Áp dụng BĐT Cô - si cho 3 số dương)
\(=\frac{2}{9}\left[4.3+3-6\right]=2\)
Vậy \(P\ge2\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi x = y = z = 1
đặt mỗi mẫu một ẩn, dùng cô-si là ra
tự chứng minh x3 +y3 +z3= 3xyz.
Từ x +y +z =0 => \(\hept{\begin{cases}y+z=-x\\x+z=-y\\x+y=-z\end{cases}}\)
Xét: \(\frac{x^2}{y^2+z^2-x^2}\)=\(\frac{x^2}{\left(y+z\right)^2-2yz-x^2}\)=\(\frac{x^2}{x^2-2yz-x^2}\)=\(\frac{x^2}{-2yz}\)
Tương tự ta có \(\frac{y^2}{x^2+z^2-y^2}\)=\(\frac{y^2}{-2xz}\); \(\frac{z^2}{x^2+y^2-z^2}\)=\(\frac{z^2}{-2xy}\)
=> P= \(\frac{x^2}{-2xy}-\frac{y^2}{2xz}-\frac{z^2}{2xy}\)=\(\frac{x^3}{-2xyz}-\frac{y^3}{2xyz}-\frac{z^3}{2xyz}\)=\(\frac{1}{-2xyz}\left(x^3+y^3+z^3\right)\)=\(\frac{3xyz}{-2xyz}=\frac{-3}{2}\)
Tui mới lớp 8 cũng làm đc nhá!!!