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Ta có: \(\dfrac{x^3}{y+2z}+\dfrac{y^3}{z+2x}+\dfrac{z^3}{x+2y}=\dfrac{x^4}{xy+2zx}+\dfrac{y^4}{yz+2xy}+\dfrac{z^4}{zx+2yz}\)
\(\ge\dfrac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{xy+2zx+yz+2xy+zx+2yz}=\dfrac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}\)
Mà ta lại có: \(xy+yz+zx\le x^2+y^2+z^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}\ge\dfrac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)}=\dfrac{1^2}{3.1}=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)
Áp dụng BĐT cô si với ba số không âm ta có :
=> (1)
Dấu '' = '' xảy ra khi x = 1
CM tương tự ra có " (2) ; (3)
Dấu ''= '' xảy ra khi y = 1 ; z = 1
Từ (1) (2) và (3) =>
BĐT được chứng minh
Dấu '' = '' của bất đẳng thức xảy ra khi x =y =z = 1
:()
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy - Schwarz
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x^2}{y+1}+\dfrac{y+1}{4}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{x^2}{4}}=x\)
Tượng tự ta có \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{y^2}{z+1}+\dfrac{z+1}{4}\ge y\\\dfrac{z^2}{x+1}+\dfrac{x+1}{4}\ge z\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x^2}{y+1}+\dfrac{y^2}{z+1}+\dfrac{z^2}{x+1}+\dfrac{x+y+z}{4}+\dfrac{3}{4}\ge x+y+z\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x^2}{y+1}+\dfrac{y^2}{z+1}+\dfrac{z^2}{x+1}\ge\dfrac{3\left(x+y+z\right)}{4}-\dfrac{3}{4}\) (1)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy - Schwarz
\(\Rightarrow x+y+z\ge3\sqrt[3]{xyz}=3\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{3\left(x+y+z\right)}{4}\ge\dfrac{9}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{3\left(x+y+z\right)}{4}-\dfrac{3}{4}\ge\dfrac{3}{2}=1,5\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x^2}{y+1}+\dfrac{y^2}{z+1}+\dfrac{z^2}{x+1}\ge1,5\) (đpcm )
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=1\)
Sửa: =>\(\dfrac{x^2}{y+1}+\dfrac{y^2}{z+1}+\dfrac{z^2}{x+1}\ge\dfrac{3\left(x+y+z\right)}{4}-\dfrac{3}{4}\left(1\right)\)
\(BĐT\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x}{y^3}+\dfrac{y}{z^3}+\dfrac{z}{x^3}\ge x+y+z\)
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\dfrac{1}{x}\\b=\dfrac{1}{y}\\c=\dfrac{1}{z}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow abc\ge1\)
\(BĐT\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^3}{b}+\dfrac{b^3}{c}+\dfrac{c^3}{a}\ge\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\)
\(VT=\dfrac{a^4}{ab}+\dfrac{b^4}{bc}+\dfrac{c^4}{ac}\ge\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{ab+bc+ac}=\dfrac{\left(ab+bc+ac\right)^2}{ab+bc+ac}=ab+bc+ac\)
Ta có \(abc\ge1\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}bc\ge\dfrac{1}{a}\\ab\ge\dfrac{1}{c}\\ac\ge\dfrac{1}{b}\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow bc+ac+ab\ge\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^3}{b}+\dfrac{b^3}{c}+\dfrac{c^3}{a}\ge\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\left(đpcm\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x\left(1-y^3\right)}{y^3}+\dfrac{y\left(1-z^3\right)}{z^3}+\dfrac{z\left(1-x^3\right)}{x^3}\ge0\)
\(\left(x;y;z\right)=\left(\dfrac{1}{a};\dfrac{1}{b};\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\Rightarrow ab+bc+ca=2020\)
BĐT trở thành:
\(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}+a+b+c+\sqrt{2020+a^2}+\sqrt{2020+b^2}+\sqrt{2020+c^2}\le\dfrac{2020.2021}{abc}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{ab+bc+ca}{abc}+a+b+c+\sqrt{2020+a^2}+\sqrt{2020+b^2}+\sqrt{2020+c^2}\le\dfrac{2020.2021}{abc}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a+b+c+\sqrt{2020+a^2}+\sqrt{2020+b^2}+\sqrt{2020+c^2}\le\dfrac{2020^2}{abc}\)
Ta có: \(\sqrt{2020+a^2}=\sqrt{ab+bc+ca+a^2}=\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(2a+b+c\right)\)
Tương tự:...
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{2020+a^2}+\sqrt{2020+b^2}+\sqrt{2020+c^2}\le2\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow a+b+c+\sqrt{2020+a^2}+\sqrt{2020+b^2}+\sqrt{2020+c^2}\le3\left(a+b+c\right)\)
Nên ta chỉ cần chứng minh:
\(3\left(a+b+c\right)\le\dfrac{2020^2}{abc}=\dfrac{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2}{abc}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2\ge3abc\left(a+b+c\right)\) (hiển nhiên đúng)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\) hay \(x=y=z\)
Đặt cái ban đầu là P
Ta có: \(xy+yz+zx=xyz\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}=1\)
Ta lại có:
\(\dfrac{xy}{z^3\left(1+x\right)\left(1+y\right)}+\dfrac{1+x}{64x}+\dfrac{1+y}{64y}\ge\dfrac{3}{16z}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{xy}{z^3\left(1+x\right)\left(1+y\right)}\ge\dfrac{3}{16z}-\dfrac{1}{32}-\dfrac{1}{64x}-\dfrac{1}{64y}\left(1\right)\)
Tương tự ta có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{yz}{x^3\left(1+y\right)\left(1+z\right)}\ge\dfrac{3}{16x}-\dfrac{1}{32}-\dfrac{1}{64y}-\dfrac{1}{64z}\left(2\right)\\\dfrac{zx}{y^3\left(1+z\right)\left(1+x\right)}\ge\dfrac{3}{16y}-\dfrac{1}{32}-\dfrac{1}{64z}-\dfrac{1}{64x}\left(3\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Từ (1), (2), (3) ta có:
\(P\ge\dfrac{3}{16}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)-\dfrac{1}{32}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)-\dfrac{3}{32}\)
\(=\dfrac{3}{16}-\dfrac{1}{32}-\dfrac{3}{32}=\dfrac{1}{16}\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=3\)
thật vĩ đại Hung nguyen
Ta có nhận xét sau:
\(\dfrac{x+2}{x^3\left(y+z\right)}=\dfrac{1}{x^2\left(y+z\right)}+\dfrac{2}{x^3\left(y+z\right)}=\dfrac{yz}{zx+xy}+\dfrac{2\left(yz\right)^2}{zx+xy}\)
Tương tự với các phân thức còn lại
Ta đặt:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=xy\\b=yz\\c=zx\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow abc=1\) và \(a,b,c>0\)
Biểu thức P trở thành:
\(P=\Sigma_{cyc}\dfrac{a}{b+c}+2\Sigma_{cyc}\dfrac{a^2}{b+c}\)
Dễ thấy:
\(\Sigma_{cyc}\dfrac{a}{b+c}\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\) (Nesbit)
\(\Sigma_{cyc}\dfrac{a^2}{b+c}\ge\dfrac{a+b+c}{2}\ge\dfrac{3\sqrt[3]{abc}}{2}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Do đó:
\(P\ge\dfrac{3}{2}+2.\dfrac{3}{2}=\dfrac{9}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
\(P\ge\dfrac{\sqrt{3\sqrt[3]{x^3y^3}}}{xy}+\dfrac{\sqrt{3\sqrt[3]{y^3z^3}}}{yz}+\dfrac{\sqrt{3\sqrt[3]{z^3x^3}}}{zx}\)
\(P\ge\sqrt{3}\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{xy}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{yz}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{zx}}\right)\ge\sqrt{3}.3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{xy.yz.zx}}}=3\sqrt{3}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=1\)
Ta có bất đẳng thức sau \(x^3+y^3\ge xy\left(x+y\right)\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0.\)
Do đó:
\(P=\sum\dfrac{\sqrt{1+x^3+y^3}}{xy}\ge\sum\dfrac{\sqrt{xyz+xy\left(x+y\right)}}{xy}\)
\(=\sqrt{x+y+z}\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{xy}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{yz}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{zx}}\right)\ge\sqrt{3\sqrt[3]{xyz}}\cdot3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{xy}}\cdot\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{yz}}\cdot\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{zx}}}=3\sqrt{3}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi $x=y=z=1.$
Câu hỏi của Đức Huy ABC - Toán lớp 10 | Học trực tuyến
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy, ta có:
\(VT\ge3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{x^2.y^2.z^2}{\left(1+x\right)\left(1+y\right)\left(1+z\right)}}=3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{1}{\left(1+x\right)\left(1+y\right)\left(1+z\right)}}\)
Ta có: xyz=1 và x,y,z >0
\(\Rightarrow x\le1\Rightarrow x+1\le2\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{x+1}\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Tương tự \(\dfrac{1}{y+1}\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{z+1}\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{1}{x+1}.\dfrac{1}{y+1}.\dfrac{1}{z+1}}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi x=y=z=1