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x2 - 3y2 + 2xy + 2x - 4y - 7 = 0
<=> 4.(x2 - 3y2 + 2xy + 2x - 4y - 7) = 0
<=> 4x2 - 12y2 + 8xy + 8x - 16y - 28 = 0
<=> (4x2 + 8xy + 4y2) + (8x + 8y) + 4 - 16y2 - 24y - 32 = 0
<=> (2x + 2y)2 + 4(2x + 2y) + 4 - (16y2 + 24y + 9) = 23
<=> (2x + 2y + 2)2 - (4y + 3)2 = 23
<=> (2x + 6y + 5)(2x - 2y - 1) = 23
Vì \(x;y\inℤ\Rightarrow2x+6y+5;2x-2y-1\inℤ\)
Lập bảng :
| 2x + 6y + 5 | 1 | 23 | -1 | -23 |
| 2x - 2y - 1 | 23 | 1 | -23 | -1 |
| x | 17/2(loại) | 3 | -9 | -7/2(loại) |
| y | 2 | 2 |
Vậy (x;y) = (3;2) ; (-9;2)
bài 4 : ta có : \(x+2y=3\Leftrightarrow x=3-2y\)
\(\Rightarrow E=x^2+2y^2=\left(3-2y\right)^2+2y^2=4y^2-12y+9+2y^2\)
\(=6y^2-12y+6+3=6\left(y-1\right)^2+3\ge3\)
\(\Rightarrow E_{max}=3\) khi \(x=y=1\)
bài 5 : ta có : \(x^2+3y^2+2xy-10x-14y+18=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2y^2-4y+2=-\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)+10\left(x+y\right)-16\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(y-1\right)^2=-\left(x+y\right)^2+10\left(x+y\right)-16\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\le x+y\le8\)
\(\Rightarrow P_{min}=2\) khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=1\\x+y=2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x=y=1\)
\(\Rightarrow P_{max}=8\) khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=1\\x+y=8\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=7\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
vậy ...........................................................................................................................
Answer:
3.
\(x^2+2y^2+2xy+7x+7y+10=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)+7x+7y+y^2+10=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2+7.\left(x+y\right)+y^2+10=0\)
\(\Rightarrow4S^2+28S+4y^2+40=0\)
\(\Rightarrow4S^2+28S+49+4y^2-9=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(2S+7\right)^2=9-4y^2\le9\left(1\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow-3\le2S+7\le3\)
\(\Rightarrow-10\le2S\le-4\)
\(\Rightarrow-5\le S\le-2\left(2\right)\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi: \(\left(1\right)\Rightarrow y=0\)
Vậy giá trị nhỏ nhất của \(S=x+y=-5\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}y=0\\x=-5\end{cases}}\)
Vậy giá trị lớn nhất của \(S=x+y=-2\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}y=0\\x=-2\end{cases}}\)
Ta có: x2+2xy+4x+4y+3y2+3=0
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)+\left(4x+4y\right)+2y^2+3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow[\left(x+y\right)^2+4\left(x+y\right)+4]+2y^2=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+2\right)^2=1-2y^2\)
Do \(y^2\ge0\Rightarrow1-2y^2\le1\)
\(\Rightarrow B^2=\left(x+y+2\right)^2\le1\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}B\le1\\B\ge-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}B_{max}=1\\B_{min}=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(x^2+2xy+4x+4x+3y^2+3=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2+2.\left(x+y\right).2+4=1-2y^2\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+2\right)^2=1-2y^2\le1\\ \Rightarrow\left(x+y+2\right)^2\le1\)
\(\Rightarrow-1\le x+y+2\le1\\ \)
Áp dụng Bunyakovsky, ta có :
\(\left(1+1\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)\ge\left(x.1+y.1\right)^2=1\)
=> \(\left(x^2+y^2\right)\ge\frac{1}{2}\)
=> \(Min_C=\frac{1}{2}\Leftrightarrow x=y=\frac{1}{2}\)
Mấy cái kia tương tự
\(x^2+2xy+4x+4y+3y^2+3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)+\left(4x+4y\right)+4+2y^2-1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2+4\left(x+y\right)+4=1-2y^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+2\right)^2=1-2y^2\)
Do \(VP=1-2y^2\le1\forall y\) nên \(VT=\left(x+y+2\right)^2\le1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-1\le x+y+2\le1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-1+2015\le x+y+2+2015\le1+2015\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2014\le x+y+2017\le2016\)
Hay \(2014\le B\le2016\)