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a) Ta có: \(2x^2+3xy+2y^2\)
\(=2\left(x^2+\dfrac{3}{2}xy+y^2\right)\)
\(=2\left(x^2+2\cdot x\cdot\dfrac{3}{4}y+\dfrac{9}{16}y^2+\dfrac{7}{16}y^2\right)\)
\(=2\left(x+\dfrac{3}{4}y\right)^2+\dfrac{7}{8}y^2\ge0\forall x,y\)(đpcm)
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Lời giải:
a)
\(S=12(x^3+y^3)+16x^2y^2+34xy\)
\(=12[(x+y)^3-3xy(x+y)]+16x^2y^2+34xy\)
\(=12(1-3xy)+16x^2y^2+34xy=12+16x^2y^2-2xy\)
\(=(4xy-\frac{1}{4})^2+\frac{191}{16}\geq \frac{191}{16}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left\{\begin{matrix} x+y=1\\ xy=\frac{1}{16}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow (x,y)=(\frac{2+\sqrt{3}}{4}, \frac{2-\sqrt{3}}{4})\)
Vậy \(S_{\min}=\frac{191}{16}\) khi \(\Leftrightarrow (x,y)=(\frac{2+\sqrt{3}}{4}, \frac{2-\sqrt{3}}{4})\) và có hoán vị.
b)
\(A=5(x^3+y^3)+12xy+4x^2y^2\)
\(=5[(x+y)^3-3xy(x+y)]+12xy+4x^2y^2\)
\(=5(1-3xy)+12xy+4x^2y^2\)
\(=5+4x^2y^2-3xy\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si: $1=x+y\geq 2\sqrt{xy}\Rightarrow xy\leq \frac{1}{4}$
$A=4x^2y^2-3xy+5=xy(4xy-1)-\frac{1}{2}(4xy-1)+4,5=(xy-\frac{1}{2})(4xy-1)+4,5$
Vì $xy\leq \frac{1}{4}\Rightarrow 4xy-1\leq 0; xy-\frac{1}{2}< 0\Rightarrow (xy-\frac{1}{2})(4xy-1)\geq 0$
$\Rightarrow A=(xy-\frac{1}{2})(4xy-1)+4,5\geq 4,5$
Vậy $A_{\min}=4,5$ khi $x=y=\frac{1}{2}$
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Đặt \(xy-12x+15y\)là (*)
Từ phương trình (1) ta có \(x^2-3xy+2y^2+x-y=0\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)\left(x-2y\right)+\left(x-y\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)\left(x-2y+1\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=y\\x=2y-1\end{cases}}\)
Với \(x=y\)thay vào (2) ta có \(x^2-2x^2+x^2-5x+7x=0\Leftrightarrow x=0\Rightarrow x=y=0\)
Thay \(x=y=0\)vào (*) ta thấy 0.0-12.0+15.0=0(tm)
Với \(x=2y-1\Rightarrow\left(2y-1\right)^2-2\left(2y-1\right)y+y^2-5\left(2y-1\right)+7y=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4y^2-4y+1-4y^2+2y+y^2-10y+5+7y=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow y^2-5y+6=0\Leftrightarrow\left(y-2\right)\left(y-3\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}y=2\\y=3\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=3\\x=5\end{cases}}}\)
Với \(x=3;y=2\)thay vào (*) ta thấy \(3.2-12.3+15.0=0\left(tm\right)\)
Với \(x=5;y=3\)thay vào (*) ta thấy \(5.3-12.5+15.3=0\left(tm\right)\)
Vậy .....
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Bài 1:
a. A = x^2 - 5x - 1
\(=x^2-5x+\frac{25}{4}-\frac{29}{4}\)
\(=x^2-5x+\left(\frac{5}{2}\right)^2-\frac{29}{4}\)
\(=\left(x-\frac{5}{2}\right)^2-\frac{29}{4}\ge0-\frac{29}{4}=-\frac{29}{4}\)
Dấu = khi x=5/2
Vậy MinC=-29/4 khi x=5/2
2. Tìm x:
a. ( 2x - 3 )^2 - ( 4x + 1 )( 4x - 1 ) = ( 2x - 1 ).( 3 - 7x )
=>4x2-12x+9+1-16x2=-14x2+13x-3
=>-12x2-12x+10=-14x2+13x-3
=>2x2-25x+13=0
\(\Rightarrow2\left(x-\frac{25}{4}\right)^2-\frac{521}{8}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-\frac{25}{4}\right)^2=\frac{521}{16}\)
\(\Rightarrow x-\frac{25}{4}=\pm\sqrt{\frac{521}{16}}\)
\(\Rightarrow x=\frac{25}{4}\pm\frac{\sqrt{521}}{4}\)
c. 4.( x - 3 ) - ( x + 2 ) = 0
=>4x-12-x-2=0
=>3x-14=0
=>3x=14
=>x=14/3