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![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(x+y=2\Rightarrow y=2-x\)
\(P=2x^2-\left(2-x\right)^2-5x+\dfrac{1}{x}+2020=x^2-x+\dfrac{1}{x}+2016\)
\(P=x^2+1-x+\dfrac{1}{x}+2015\ge2x-x+\dfrac{1}{x}+2015\)
\(P\ge x+\dfrac{1}{x}+2015\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{x}{x}}+2015=2017\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=1\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
x+y=1=>y=1-x
\(Q=2x^2-y^2+x+\frac{1}{x}+2020\)\(=2x^2-\left(1-x\right)^2+x+\frac{1}{x}+2020\)\(=2x^2-\left(1-2x+x^2\right)+x+\frac{1}{x}+2020\)\(=2x^2-1+2x-x^2+x+\frac{1}{x}+2020\)
\(=\left(x^2+2x+1\right)+\left(x+\frac{1}{x}\right)+2018\)\(=\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(x+\frac{1}{x}\right)+2018\)
Ta có: \(\left(x+1\right)^2\ge0\forall x>0\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si cho 2 số dương \(x\)và \(\frac{1}{x}\):
\(x+\frac{1}{x}\ge2\sqrt{x.\frac{1}{x}}=2\)
\(\Rightarrow Q\ge2+2018=2020\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+1=0\\x=\frac{1}{x}\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow x=-1}\)\(\Rightarrow y=1-\left(-1\right)=2\)
Vậy \(minQ=2020\Leftrightarrow x=-1;y=2\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
có: \(\dfrac{1}{x^2+y^2}=\dfrac{1}{\left(x+y\right)^2-2xy}=\dfrac{1}{1-2xy}\)(1)
có \(\dfrac{1}{xy}=\dfrac{2}{2xy}\left(2\right)\)
từ(1)(2)=>A=\(\dfrac{1}{1-2xy}+\dfrac{2}{2xy}\ge\dfrac{\left(1+\sqrt{2}\right)^2}{1}=\left(1+\sqrt{2}\right)^2\)
=>Min A=(1+\(\sqrt{2}\))^2
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Áp dụng bđt AM-GM ta có:
\(\frac{x^2}{x+y}+\frac{x+y}{4}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{x^2}{x+y}.\frac{x+y}{4}}=x\)
\(\frac{y^2}{x+z}+\frac{x+z}{4}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{y^2}{x+z}.\frac{x+z}{4}}\ge y\)
\(\frac{z^2}{x+y}+\frac{x+y}{4}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{z^2}{x+y}.\frac{x+y}{4}}\ge z\)
Cộng từng vế các bđt trên ta được:
\(P+\frac{x+y+z}{2}\ge x+y+z\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\frac{x+y+z}{2}=1\)
Dấu"="xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=1\)
Vậy Min P=1 \(\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=1\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(A=x^2+y^2+xy=\left(x+y\right)^2-2xy+xy\\ A=1-xy\)
Mà \(x+y=1\Leftrightarrow x=1-y\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=1-\left(1-y\right)y=1-y+y^2=\left(y^2-y+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)+\dfrac{3}{4}\\ A=\left(y-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\\ A_{min}=\dfrac{3}{4}\Leftrightarrow x=y=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Áp dụng bđt Cô-si \(1=x^2+y^2\ge2xy\)
\(\Rightarrow xy\le\frac{1}{2}\)
Ta có \(A=\frac{-2xy}{1+xy}\ge\frac{-\frac{2.1}{2}}{1+\frac{1}{2}}=-\frac{2}{3}\)
\("="\Leftrightarrow x=y=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Lời giải:
Ta có: $A=x^2+\frac{1}{y(x-y)}$. Đặt $x-y=a$ với $a>0$ thì áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
$A=(a+y)^2+\frac{1}{ay}\geq 4ay+\frac{1}{ay}\geq 2\sqrt{4ay.\frac{1}{ay}}=4$
Vậy $A_{\min}=4$ khi $x=\sqrt{2}; y=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}$