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Có \(VT=\dfrac{x^2}{x^3-xyz+2013x}+\dfrac{y^2}{y^3-xyz+2013y}+\dfrac{z^2}{z^3-xyz+2013z}\)
\(\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x^3+y^3+z^3-3xyz+2013\left(x+y+z\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{\left(x+y+z\right)\left[x^2+y^2+z^2-\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\right]+2013\left(x+y+z\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x+y+z}{x^2+y^2+z^2-\left(xy+yz+zx\right)+3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}\)
(vì \(2013=3.671=3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\))
\(=\dfrac{x+y+z}{x^2+y^2+z^2+2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x+y+z}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{x+y+z}\)
ĐTXR \(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{x^2-yz+2013}=\dfrac{1}{y^2-zx+2013}=\dfrac{1}{z^2-xy+2013}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-yz=y^2-zx=z^2-xy\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=y=z\) (với \(x,y,z>0\))
Vậy ta có đpcm.
\(K=\left(4xy+\dfrac{1}{4xy}\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{x^2+y^2}+\dfrac{1}{2xy}\right)+\dfrac{5}{4xy}\)
\(K\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{4xy}{4xy}}+\dfrac{4}{x^2+y^2+2xy}+\dfrac{5}{\left(x+y\right)^2}\ge2+4+5=11\)
\(K_{min}=11\) khi \(x=y=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Ta có:\(\sqrt{\dfrac{yz}{x^2+2017}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{yz}{x^2+xy+yz+zx}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{yz}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\dfrac{y}{x+y}\cdot\dfrac{z}{x+z}}\le\dfrac{\dfrac{y}{x+y}+\dfrac{z}{x+z}}{2}\)
Tương tự ta có:\(\sqrt{\dfrac{zx}{y^2+2017}}\le\dfrac{\dfrac{x}{x+y}+\dfrac{z}{y+z}}{2}\)
\(\sqrt{\dfrac{xy}{z^2+2017}}\le\dfrac{\dfrac{y}{z+y}+\dfrac{x}{x+z}}{2}\)
Cộng vế với vế ta có:
\(\sqrt{\dfrac{yz}{x^2+2017}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{zx}{y^2+2017}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{xy}{z^2+2017}}\)
\(\le\dfrac{\dfrac{y}{x+y}+\dfrac{z}{x+z}+\dfrac{z}{z+y}+\dfrac{x}{x+y}+\dfrac{y}{z+y}+\dfrac{x}{x+z}}{2}\)
\(=\dfrac{\dfrac{x+y}{x+y}+\dfrac{y+z}{y+z}+\dfrac{z+x}{z+x}}{2}=\dfrac{1+1+1}{2}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=\dfrac{\sqrt{2017}}{\sqrt{3}}\)
\(\left(\frac{1}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{1}{2xy}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{4xy}+4xy\right)+\frac{5}{4xy}\ge\frac{\left(1+1\right)^2}{\left(x+y\right)^2}+2\sqrt{\frac{1}{4xy}.4xy}+\frac{5}{\left(x+y\right)^2}=4+2+5=11\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi x =y = 1/2
chứng minh sao lại ra được điều này bạn?
\(\frac{1}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{1}{2xy}\ge\frac{\left(1+1\right)^2}{\left(x+y\right)^2}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy-Schwarz dạng Engel ta có :
\(\dfrac{1}{xy}+\dfrac{1}{xz}\ge\dfrac{\left(1+1\right)^2}{xy+xz}=\dfrac{4}{x\left(y+z\right)}\)(1)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức AM-GM ta có :
\(x\left(y+z\right)\le\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{4}=4\)=> \(\dfrac{1}{x\left(y+z\right)}\ge\dfrac{1}{4}\)=> \(\dfrac{4}{x\left(y+z\right)}\ge1\)(2)
Từ (1) và (2) => \(\dfrac{1}{xy}+\dfrac{1}{xz}\ge\dfrac{4}{x\left(y+z\right)}\ge1\)=> \(\dfrac{1}{xy}+\dfrac{1}{xz}\ge1\)(đpcm)
Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> x = 2 ; y = z = 1
\(1\ge x+\dfrac{1}{y}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{x}{y}}\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{y}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\Rightarrow\dfrac{y}{x}\ge4\)
\(P=\dfrac{1-\dfrac{2y}{x}+2\left(\dfrac{y}{x}\right)^2}{1+\dfrac{y}{x}}\)
Đặt \(\dfrac{y}{x}=a\ge4\Rightarrow P=\dfrac{2a^2-2a+1}{a+1}=2a-4+\dfrac{5}{a+1}\)
\(P=\dfrac{a+1}{5}+\dfrac{5}{a+1}+\dfrac{9}{5}.a-\dfrac{21}{5}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{5\left(a+1\right)}{5\left(a+1\right)}}+\dfrac{9}{5}.4-\dfrac{21}{5}=5\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=4\) hay \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(\dfrac{1}{2};2\right)\)
Nguyễn Việt Lâm Giáo viên làm thế nào để có thể nghĩ được ra như vậy?
Đặt vế trái của BĐT cần chứng minh là P
Ta có:
\(P=\dfrac{\sqrt{xy+\left(x+y+z\right)z}+\sqrt{2\left(x^2+y^2\right)}}{1+\sqrt{xy}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(x+z\right)\left(y+z\right)}+\sqrt{2\left(x^2+y^2\right)}}{1+\sqrt{xy}}\)
\(P\ge\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{xy}+z\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(x+y\right)^2}}{1+\sqrt{xy}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{xy}+x+y+z}{1+\sqrt{xy}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{xy}+1}{1+\sqrt{xy}}=1\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y\)
Ta có \(x+y\le1\Leftrightarrow1-x\ge y>0\Leftrightarrow0< x< 1\)
Giả sử \(x^2-\dfrac{3}{4x}-\dfrac{x}{y}\le-\dfrac{9}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4x^2+9\le\dfrac{3}{x}+\dfrac{4x}{y}\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{4x}{1-x}+\dfrac{3}{x}\ge4x^2+9\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{4x^2+3\left(1-x\right)-x\left(4x^2+9\right)\left(1-x\right)}{x\left(1-x\right)}\ge0\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{4x^4-4x^3+13x^2-12x+3}{x\left(1-x\right)}\ge0\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(x^2+3\right)\left(2x-1\right)^2}{x\left(1-x\right)}\ge0\)
Vì \(x>0;1-x>0\) nên BĐT trên luôn đúng
Vậy ta được đpcm
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow x=y=\dfrac{1}{2}\)