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Xét ΔBAD có BI là đường trung tuyến
nên \(\overrightarrow{BI}=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\overrightarrow{BA}+\overrightarrow{BD}\right)\)
=>\(\overrightarrow{BI}=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\overrightarrow{BA}+\dfrac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{BC}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\overrightarrow{BA}+\dfrac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{BA}+\dfrac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{AC}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{5}{3}\overrightarrow{BA}+\dfrac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{AC}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot\dfrac{1}{3}\left(5\overrightarrow{BA}+2\overrightarrow{AC}\right)=\dfrac{1}{6}\left(5\overrightarrow{BA}+2\overrightarrow{AC}\right)=\dfrac{5}{6}\left(\overrightarrow{BA}+\dfrac{2}{5}\overrightarrow{AC}\right)\)
\(\overrightarrow{BM}=\overrightarrow{BA}+\overrightarrow{AM}\)
\(=\overrightarrow{BA}+\dfrac{2}{5}\overrightarrow{AC}\)
=>\(\overrightarrow{BI}=\dfrac{5}{6}\cdot\overrightarrow{BM}\)
=>B,I,M thẳng hàng
Cách 1: Dùng định lý Menelaus đảo:
Từ đề bài, ta có \(\dfrac{BD}{BC}=\dfrac{2}{3}\), \(\dfrac{MC}{MA}=\dfrac{3}{2}\), \(\dfrac{IA}{ID}=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{BD}{BC}.\dfrac{MC}{MA}.\dfrac{IA}{ID}=1\)
Theo định lý Menelaus đảo, suy ra B, I, M thẳng hàng.
Cách 2: Dùng vector
Ta có \(\overrightarrow{BI}=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\overrightarrow{BA}+\overrightarrow{BD}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{BA}+\dfrac{1}{2}.\dfrac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{BC}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{BA}+\dfrac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{BC}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{6}\left(3\overrightarrow{BA}+2\overrightarrow{BC}\right)\)
Lại có \(\overrightarrow{BM}=\dfrac{MC}{AC}\overrightarrow{BA}+\dfrac{MA}{AC}\overrightarrow{BC}\)
\(=\dfrac{3}{5}\overrightarrow{BA}+\dfrac{2}{5}\overrightarrow{BC}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{5}\left(3\overrightarrow{BA}+2\overrightarrow{BC}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{6}{5}.\dfrac{1}{6}\left(3\overrightarrow{BA}+2\overrightarrow{BC}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{6}{5}\overrightarrow{BI}\)
Vậy \(\overrightarrow{BM}=\dfrac{6}{5}\overrightarrow{BI}\), suy ra B, I, M thẳng hàng.
\(\overrightarrow{AM}=\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{BM}=\overrightarrow{AB}+\dfrac{2}{5}\overrightarrow{BC}\)
Lời giải:
a.
$\overrightarrow{AC}=\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{AD}$ (tính chất hình bình hành)
b.
$\overrightarrow{AM}=\frac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{AC}=\frac{2}{3}(\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{AD})$
c.
$\overrightarrow{AN}=\overrightarrow{AC}+\overrightarrow{CN}=\overrightarrow{AC}+\frac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{BA}$
$=\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{AD}-\frac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{AB}$
$=\frac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{AD}$
1.
Gọi M là trung điểm BC thì theo tính chất trọng tâm: \(\overrightarrow{AG}=\dfrac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{AM}=\dfrac{2}{3}\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{AB}+\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{AC}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{AG}=\dfrac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{AB}+\dfrac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{AC}\Rightarrow x+y=\dfrac{2}{3}\)
2.
\(CH=\dfrac{1}{2}BC=\dfrac{a}{2}\)
\(T=\left|\text{ }\overrightarrow{CA}-\overrightarrow{HC}\right|=\left|\overrightarrow{CA}+\overrightarrow{CH}\right|\)
\(\Rightarrow T^2=CA^2+CH^2+2\overrightarrow{CA}.\overrightarrow{CH}=a^2+\left(\dfrac{a}{2}\right)^2+2.a.\dfrac{a}{2}.cos60^0=\dfrac{7a^2}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow T=\dfrac{a\sqrt{7}}{2}\)
3.
\(10< x< 100\Rightarrow10< 3k< 100\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{10}{3}< k< \dfrac{100}{3}\Rightarrow4\le k\le33\)
\(\Rightarrow\sum x=3\left(4+5+...+33\right)=1665\)
Lời giải:
\(\overrightarrow{AC}.\overrightarrow{BI}=(\overrightarrow{AM}+\overrightarrow{MC})(\overrightarrow{BM}+\overrightarrow{MI})\)
\(=\overrightarrow{AM}.\overrightarrow{BM}+\overrightarrow{AM}.\overrightarrow{MI}+\overrightarrow{MC}.\overrightarrow{BM}+\overrightarrow{MC}.\overrightarrow{MI}\)
\(=\overrightarrow{AM}.\overrightarrow{MI}+\overrightarrow{MC}.\overrightarrow{BM}\)
\(=\overrightarrow{AM}.\frac{-\overrightarrow{AM}}{2}+\frac{\overrightarrow{BC}}{2}.\overrightarrow{BC}=\frac{BC^2-AM^2}{2}\)
\(=\frac{BC^2-(\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}BC)^2}{2}=\frac{BC^2}{8}=\frac{9a^2}{8}\)
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\overrightarrow{BA}=\overrightarrow{c}\\\overrightarrow{BC}=\overrightarrow{a}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{AC}=\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{BC}=\overrightarrow{a}-\overrightarrow{c}\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{AM}=\frac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{a}-\frac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{c}\)
\(\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{BM}=\overrightarrow{BA}+\overrightarrow{AM}=\frac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{a}+\frac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{c}\)
\(\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{MN}=-\frac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{BM}=-\frac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{a}-\frac{1}{6}\overrightarrow{c}\)
\(\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{AN}=\overrightarrow{AM}+\overrightarrow{MN}=\frac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{a}-\frac{5}{6}\overrightarrow{c}=\frac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{BC}-\frac{5}{6}\overrightarrow{BA}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\frac{5}{6}\\y=\frac{1}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow S=x+y=-\frac{1}{2}\)