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Ta có \(\frac{y}{x\sqrt{y^2+1}}=\frac{y\sqrt{xz}}{x\sqrt{y\left(x+y+z\right)+xz}}=\frac{yz}{\sqrt{x\left(y+z\right).z\left(x+y\right)}}\ge\frac{2yz}{2xz+xy+yz}\)
Đặt \(a=xy,b=yz,c=xz\)=> \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=1\)
Khi đó
\(P\ge\frac{2b}{2c+a+b}+\frac{2c}{2a+b+c}+\frac{2a}{2b+a+c}\ge\frac{2\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{b^2+c^2+a^2+3\left(ab+bc+ac\right)}\)
Xét \(P\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
=> \(4\left(a+b+c\right)^2\ge3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)+9\left(ab+bc+ac\right)\)
<=> \(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge\left(ab+bc+ac\right)\)(luôn đúng )
Vậy \(MinP=\frac{3}{2}\)khi a=b=c=3=> \(x=y=z=\sqrt{3}\)
\(M^2=\frac{x^2}{y}+\frac{y^2}{z}+\frac{z^2}{x}+\frac{2xy}{\sqrt{yz}}+\frac{2yz}{\sqrt{zx}}+\frac{2xz}{\sqrt{yz}}=\frac{x^2}{y}+\frac{y^2}{z}+\frac{z^2}{x}+\frac{2x\sqrt{y}}{\sqrt{z}}+\frac{2y\sqrt{z}}{\sqrt{x}}+\frac{2z\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{y}}\)
Áp dụng bđt Cô-si: \(\frac{x^2}{y}+\frac{x\sqrt{y}}{\sqrt{z}}+\frac{x\sqrt{y}}{\sqrt{z}}+z\ge4\sqrt[4]{\frac{x^2}{y}.\frac{x\sqrt{y}}{\sqrt{z}}.\frac{x\sqrt{y}}{\sqrt{z}}.z}=4x\)
tương tự \(\frac{y^2}{z}+\frac{y\sqrt{z}}{\sqrt{x}}+\frac{y\sqrt{z}}{\sqrt{x}}+x\ge4y\);\(\frac{z^2}{x}+\frac{z\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{y}}+\frac{z\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{y}}+y\ge4z\)
=>\(M^2+x+y+z\ge4\left(x+y+z\right)\Rightarrow M^2\ge3\left(x+y+z\right)\ge3.12=36\Rightarrow M\ge6\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x=y=z=4
Vậy minM=6 khi x=y=z=4
Áp dụng bđt bunhiacopxki, ta có:
\(\left(x^2+\frac{1}{x^2}\right)\left(1+16\right)\ge\left(x+\frac{4}{x}\right)^2\) => \(x^2+\frac{1}{x^2}\ge\frac{\left(x+\frac{4}{x}\right)^2}{17}\)
=> \(\sqrt{x^2+\frac{1}{x^2}}\ge\frac{x+\frac{4}{x}}{\sqrt{17}}=\frac{x}{\sqrt{17}}+\frac{4}{x\sqrt{17}}\)
CMTT: \(\sqrt{y^2+\frac{1}{y^2}}\ge\frac{y}{\sqrt{17}}+\frac{4}{\sqrt{17}y}\)
\(\sqrt{z^2+\frac{1}{z^2}}\ge\frac{z}{\sqrt{17}}+\frac{4}{\sqrt{17}z}\)
=> A \(\ge\frac{x+y+z}{\sqrt{17}}+\frac{4}{\sqrt{17}}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\ge\frac{x+y+z}{\sqrt{17}}+\frac{36}{\sqrt{17}\left(x+y+z\right)}\)(bđt: 1/a + 1/b + 1/c > = 9/(a+b+c)
=> A \(\ge\frac{16\left(x+y+z\right)}{\sqrt{17}}+\frac{36}{\sqrt{17}\left(x+y+z\right)}-\frac{15\left(x+y+z\right)}{\sqrt{17}}\)
A \(\ge2\sqrt{\frac{16\left(x+y+z\right)}{\sqrt{17}}\cdot\frac{36}{\sqrt{17}\left(x+y+z\right)}}-\frac{15\cdot\frac{3}{2}}{\sqrt{17}}\)(Bđt cosi + bđt: x + y + z < = 3/2)
A \(\ge\frac{48}{\sqrt{17}}-\frac{45}{2\sqrt{17}}=\frac{3\sqrt{17}}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> x = y= z = 1/2
Vậy MinA = \(\frac{3\sqrt{17}}{2}\) <=> x = y = z = 1/2
\(P=\frac{\sqrt{1+x^2+y^2}}{xy}+\frac{\sqrt{1+y^2+z^2}}{yz}+\frac{\sqrt{1+z^2+x^2}}{zx}\)
\(\ge\text{Σ}\frac{\sqrt{\frac{\left(1+x+y\right)^2}{3}}}{xy}\text{=}\frac{1+x+y}{xy\sqrt{3}}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{3}}{3}\left(\frac{1+x+y}{xy}+\frac{1+y+z}{yz}+\frac{1+z+x}{zx}\right)\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{3}}{3}\left(\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{yz}+\frac{1}{xz}+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{x}\right)\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{3}}{3}\left(x+y+z+2xy+2yz+2zx\right)\)\(\ge\frac{\sqrt{3}}{3}\left(3\sqrt[3]{xyz}+2\cdot3\sqrt[3]{x^2y^2z^2}\right)=\frac{\sqrt{3}}{3}\left(3+6\right)=3\sqrt{3}\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=1\)
áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy ngược dấu cho 2 số không âm ta có
\(\sqrt{\left(x-1\right).1}\le\frac{x-1+1}{2}=\frac{x}{2}\Rightarrow\frac{x}{\sqrt{x-1}}\ge2.\)
\(\sqrt{\left(\frac{y}{\sqrt{2}}-\sqrt{2}\right).\sqrt{2}}\le\frac{\frac{y}{\sqrt{2}}-\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{2}}{2}=\frac{y}{2\sqrt{2}}\Rightarrow\frac{y}{\sqrt{y-2}}\ge2\sqrt{2}.\)
\(\sqrt{\left(\frac{z}{\sqrt{3}}-\sqrt{3}\right).\sqrt{3}}\le\frac{\frac{z}{\sqrt{3}}-\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{3}}{2}=\frac{z}{2\sqrt{3}}\Rightarrow\frac{z}{\sqrt{z-3}}\ge2\sqrt{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow A\ge2+2\sqrt{2}+2\sqrt{3}\)
Vậy Min \(A=2+2\sqrt{2}+2\sqrt{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x-1=1\\\frac{y}{\sqrt{2}}-\sqrt{2}=\sqrt{2}\\\frac{z}{\sqrt{3}}-\sqrt{3}=\sqrt{3}\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}x=2\\y=4\\z=6\end{cases}\left(tmđk\right)}\)
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Giải
Dự đoán dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\frac{1}{2}\) khi đó \(P=\frac{3\sqrt{3}}{4}\)
Ta sẽ chứng minh nó là GTNN của \(P\)
Ta có: \(x^2+xy+y^2=\frac{3\left(x+y\right)^2+\left(x-y\right)^2}{4}\ge\frac{3\left(x+y\right)^2}{4}\)
Do đó ta cần chứng minh
\(\frac{x+y}{4yz+1}+\frac{y+z}{4xz+1}+\frac{x+z}{4xy+1}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x+y}{\left(y+z\right)^2+1}+\frac{y+z}{\left(x+z\right)^2+1}+\frac{x+z}{\left(x+y\right)^2+1}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
Ta có: \(x+y+z=\frac{3}{2}\Rightarrow2x+2y+2z=3\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y\right)+\left(y+z\right)+\left(x+z\right)=2\)
Đặt \(\hept{\begin{cases}a=x+y\\b=y+z\\c=z+x\end{cases}}\) thì ta cần chứng minh
\(\frac{a}{b^2+1}+\frac{b}{c^2+1}+\frac{c}{a^2+1}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)\(\forall\hept{\begin{cases}a,b,c>0\\a+b+c=3\end{cases}}\)
Lại có: \(\frac{a}{b^2+1}=a-\frac{ab^2}{b^2+1}\ge a-\frac{ab}{2}\)
Tương tự ta cũng có: \(\frac{b}{c^2+1}\ge b-\frac{bc}{2};\frac{c}{a^2+1}\ge c-\frac{ac}{2}\)
Cộng theo vế các BĐT ta có: \(\frac{a}{b^2+1}+\frac{b}{c^2+1}+\frac{c}{a^2+1}\ge a-\frac{ab}{2}+b-\frac{bc}{2}+c-\frac{ac}{2}\)
\(=\left(a+b+c\right)-\frac{ab+bc+ca}{2}\ge3-\frac{3}{2}=\frac{3}{2}\)
BĐT đã được c/m vậy ta có \(P\ge\frac{3\sqrt{3}}{4}\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=\frac{1}{2}\)
Ta có: \(\sqrt{x^2+y^2}\ge\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}\left(x+y\right)^2}=\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\left(x+y\right).\)
Chứng minh tương tự rồi cộng vế với vế ta có:
\(\sqrt{x^2+y^2}+\sqrt{y^2+z^2}+\sqrt{z^2+x^2}\ge\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\left(x+y+x+z+y+z\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow2015\ge\sqrt{2}\left(x+y+z\right)\)
Ta có: \(\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{y+z}+\frac{1}{z+x}\ge\frac{3}{\sqrt[3]{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)\left(y+z\right)}}\ge\frac{3}{\frac{x+y+x+z+y+z}{3}}=\frac{9}{2\left(x+y+z\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{y+z}+\frac{1}{z+x}\ge\frac{9}{2.\frac{2015}{\sqrt{2}}}=\frac{9\sqrt{2}}{4030}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=\frac{2015\sqrt{2}}{6}\)