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Ta có bđt \(\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\)\)
\(\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a+b}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\)\)
Áp dụng nhiều lần bđt trên ta được
\(\(\frac{1}{3x+3y+2z}=\frac{1}{\left(2x+y+z\right)+\left(x+2y+z\right)}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{2x+y+z}+\frac{1}{x+2y+z}\right)\)\)
\(\(\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{\left(x+y\right)+\left(x+z\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(x+y\right)+\left(y+z\right)}\right)\)\)
\(\(\le\frac{1}{4}\left[\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{x+z}+\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{y+z}\right)\right]\)\)
\(\(\le\frac{1}{16}\left(\frac{2}{x+y}+\frac{1}{x+z}+\frac{1}{y+z}\right)\)\)
C/m tương tự cho các bđt còn lại
\(\(\frac{1}{3x+2y+3z}\le\frac{1}{16}\left(\frac{2}{x+z}+\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{y+z}\right)\)\)
\(\(\frac{1}{2x+3y+3z}\le\frac{1}{16}\left(\frac{2}{y+z}+\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{x+z}\right)\)\)
Cộng vế theo vế được
\(\(P\le\frac{1}{16}\left(\frac{4}{x+y}+\frac{4}{y+z}+\frac{4}{z+x}\right)=\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{y+z}+\frac{1}{z+x}\right)=\frac{1}{4}.6=\frac{3}{2}\)\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra
\(\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=y=z\\\frac{1}{2x}+\frac{1}{2x}+\frac{1}{2x=6}\end{cases}}\)\)
\(\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=y=z\\\frac{3}{2x}=6\end{cases}}\)\)
\(\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=y=z\\x=\frac{1}{4}\end{cases}}\)\)
\(\(\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=\frac{1}{4}\)\)
Vậy ..........
cách khác :))
\(6=\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{y+z}+\frac{1}{z+x}\ge\frac{9}{2\left(x+y+z\right)}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(x+y+z\le3\)
\(P=\frac{1}{3x+3y+2z}+\frac{1}{3x+2y+3z}+\frac{1}{2x+3y+3z}\)
\(P=\frac{1}{3\left(x+y+z\right)-z}+\frac{1}{3\left(x+y+z\right)-y}+\frac{1}{3\left(x+y+z\right)-x}\)
\(\ge\frac{9}{9\left(x+y+z\right)-\left(x+y+z\right)}=\frac{9}{8\left(x+y+z\right)}\ge\frac{9}{8.3}=\frac{3}{8}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(x=y=z=\frac{1}{4}\)
Áp dụng trực tiếp bất đẳng thức Cauchy-Schwarz dạng Engel:
\(VT\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{\left(x+y+z\right)+2\left(x+y+z\right)+3\left(x+y+z\right)}=1\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=2\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM - GM cho 2 số dương, ta được: \(\frac{x^2}{x+2y+3z}+\frac{1}{36}\left(x+2y+3z\right)\ge2\sqrt{\frac{x^2}{x+2y+3z}.\frac{1}{36}\left(x+2y+3z\right)}=\frac{1}{3}x\Rightarrow\frac{x^2}{x+2y+3z}\ge\frac{11}{36}x-\frac{1}{18}y-\frac{1}{12}z\)Tương tự, ta có: \(\frac{y^2}{y+2z+3x}\ge\frac{11}{36}y-\frac{1}{18}z-\frac{1}{12}x\); \(\frac{z^2}{z+2x+3y}\ge\frac{11}{36}z-\frac{1}{18}x-\frac{1}{12}y\)
Cộng theo vế của 3 bất đẳng thức trên, ta được: \(G=\frac{x^2}{x+2y+3z}+\frac{y^2}{y+2z+3x}+\frac{z^2}{z+2x+3y}\ge\frac{1}{6}\left(x+y+z\right)=1\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi x = y = z = 2
Áp dụng \(\frac{1}{a+b}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\)
\(\frac{1}{3x+3y+2z}=\frac{1}{2\left(x+y\right)+\left(x+z\right)+\left(y+z\right)}\le\frac{1}{4}.\frac{1}{2\left(x+y\right)}+\frac{1}{4}.\frac{1}{x+z+y+z}\le\frac{1}{8\left(x+y\right)}+\frac{1}{4}.\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x+z}+\frac{1}{y+z}\right)\)
Sửa đề nhé\(\dfrac{1}{3x+3y+2z}=\dfrac{1}{\left(z+x\right)+\left(z+y\right)+\left(x+y\right)+\left(x+y\right)}\)
\(\le\dfrac{1}{16}\left(\dfrac{1}{x+z}+\dfrac{1}{z+y}+\dfrac{1}{x+y}+\dfrac{1}{x+y}\right)\)
CMTT và cộng theo vế:
\(VT\le\dfrac{1}{16}\left(\dfrac{1}{x+z}+\dfrac{1}{z+y}+\dfrac{1}{x+y}+\dfrac{1}{x+y}+\dfrac{1}{x+y}+\dfrac{1}{y+z}+\dfrac{1}{x+z}+\dfrac{1}{x+z}+\dfrac{1}{x+z}+\dfrac{1}{x+y}+\dfrac{1}{y+z}+\dfrac{1}{y+z}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{16}.24=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\("="\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(\hept{\begin{cases}x^2-2x\sqrt{y}+2y=x\\y^2-2y\sqrt{z}+2z=y\\z^2-2z\sqrt{x}+2x=z\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-2x\sqrt{y}+2y+y^2-2y\sqrt{z}+2z+z^2-2z\sqrt{x}+2x=x+y+z\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-\sqrt{y}\right)^2+\left(y-\sqrt{z}\right)^2+\left(z-\sqrt{x}\right)^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x-\sqrt{y}=0\\y-\sqrt{z}=0\\z-\sqrt{x}=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=\sqrt{y}\\y=\sqrt{z}\\z=\sqrt{x}\end{cases}}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=y=z=0\\x=y=z=1\end{cases}}\)
Ta có:
\(\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{y+z}+\frac{1}{z+x}=6\ge\frac{9}{2\left(x+y+z\right)}\)\(\Rightarrow x+y+z\ge\frac{3}{4}\)
Lại có: \(\frac{1}{2x+3y+3z}=\frac{\left(\frac{3}{4}+\frac{1}{4}\right)^2}{2\left(x+y+z\right)+y+z}\le\frac{9}{32\left(x+y+z\right)}+\frac{1}{16\left(y+z\right)}\)
Do đó:
\(\frac{1}{2x+3y+3z}+\frac{1}{2y+3x+3z}+\frac{1}{2z+3x+3y}\)
\(\le\frac{9}{32\left(x+y+z\right)}\cdot3+\frac{1}{16}\left(\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{y+z}+\frac{1}{z+x}\right)\)
\(\le\frac{9}{32\cdot\frac{3}{4}}+\frac{1}{16}\cdot6=\frac{3}{2}\)(Đpcm)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{d}\ge\frac{\left(1+1+1+1\right)^2}{a+b+c+d}=\frac{16}{a+b+c+d}\)ta có :
\(\frac{16}{3x+3y+2z}\le\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{x+z}+\frac{1}{y+z}\)
\(\frac{16}{3x+2y+3z}\le\frac{1}{x+z}+\frac{1}{x+z}+\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{y+z}\)
\(\frac{16}{2x+3y+3z}\le\frac{1}{y+z}+\frac{1}{y+z}+\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{x+z}\)
Cộng theo vế 3 đẳng thức trên ta được :
\(16.\left(\frac{1}{3x+3y+2z}+\frac{1}{3x+2y+3z}+\frac{1}{2x+3y+3z}\right)\)
\(\le4.\left(\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{y+z}+\frac{1}{z+x}\right)=4.6=24\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\frac{1}{3x+3y+2z}+\frac{1}{3x+2y+3z}+\frac{1}{2x+3y+3z}\le\frac{3}{2}\)
Câu hỏi của NGUYỄN DOÃN ANH THÁI - Toán lớp 9 - Học toán với OnlineMath