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\(u_2-u_1=d\\ u_3-u_1=\left(u_2+d\right)-u_1=\left(u_2-u_1\right)+d=d+d=2d\\ ...\\ u_n-u_1=\left(n-1\right)d\)
a:
ĐKXĐ: \(q\notin\left\{0;1;-1\right\}\)
\(HPT\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u1\cdot q^4-u1=15\\u1\cdot q^3-u1\cdot q=6\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{q^4-1}{q^3-q}=\dfrac{15}{6}=\dfrac{5}{2}\\u1\left(q^4-1\right)=15\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2q^4-2=5q^3-5q\\u1\left(q^4-1\right)=15\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2q^4-5q^3+5q-2=0\\u1\left(q^4-1\right)=15\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(q-2\right)\left(q-1\right)\left(q+1\right)\left(2q-1\right)=0\\u1\left(q^4-1\right)=15\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left[{}\begin{matrix}q=2\\q=\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\\u1\left(q^4-1\right)=15\end{matrix}\right.\)
TH1: q=2
=>\(u1=\dfrac{15}{2^4-1}=\dfrac{15}{15}=1\)
TH2: q=1/2
=>\(u1=\dfrac{15}{\dfrac{1}{16}-1}=15:\dfrac{-15}{16}=-16\)
b:
\(HPT\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u1-u1\cdot q^2+u1\cdot q^4=65\\u1+u1\cdot q^6=325\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{q^4-q^2+1}{q^6+1}=\dfrac{1}{5}\\u1\left(1+q^6\right)=325\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{q^2+1}=\dfrac{1}{5}\\u1\left(q^6+1\right)=325\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}q^2=4\\u1\left(q^6+1\right)=325\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}q\in\left\{2;-2\right\}\\u1\left(q^6+1\right)=325\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow u1=\dfrac{325}{65}=5\)
c: \(HPT\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u1\cdot q^3+u1\cdot q^5=-540\\u1\cdot q+u1\cdot q^3=-60\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{q^5+q^3}{q^3+q}=9\\u1\left(q+q^3\right)=-60\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}q^2=9\\u1\left(q+q^3\right)=-60\end{matrix}\right.\)
TH1: q=3
\(u1=-\dfrac{60}{3+3^3}=-\dfrac{60}{30}=-2\)
TH2: q=-3
=>\(u1=-\dfrac{60}{-3-27}=\dfrac{60}{30}=2\)
a.
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u_1+\left(u_1+4d\right)-\left(u_1+2d\right)=10\\\left(u_1+d\right)+\left(u_1+4d\right)=7\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u_1+2d=10\\2u_1+5d=7\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u_1=36\\d=-13\end{matrix}\right.\)
b.
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u_1+d+u_1+3d=5\\u_1^2+\left(u_1+4d\right)^2=25\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4d=5-2u_1\\u_1^2+\left(u_1+4d\right)^2=25\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow u_1^2+\left(u_1+5-2u_1\right)^2=25\)
\(\Rightarrow u_1^2+u_1^2-10u_1+25=25\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}u_1=0\Rightarrow d=\dfrac{5}{4}\\u_1=5\Rightarrow d=-\dfrac{5}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)
3: Ta có \(\dfrac{1}{u_{n+1}}=\dfrac{1}{u_n}-1\).
Do đó \(\dfrac{1}{u_{100}}=\dfrac{1}{u_{99}}-1=\dfrac{1}{u_{98}}-2=...=\dfrac{1}{u_1}-99=\dfrac{1}{-2}-99=\dfrac{-199}{2}\Rightarrow u_{100}=\dfrac{-2}{199}\).
2:
a: \(u_1=\dfrac{2-1}{1+1}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(u_2=\dfrac{2\cdot2-1}{2+1}=1\)
\(u_3=\dfrac{2\cdot3-1}{3+1}=\dfrac{5}{4}\)
\(u_4=\dfrac{2\cdot4-1}{4+1}=\dfrac{7}{5}\)
b: Đặt \(\dfrac{2n-1}{n+1}=\dfrac{13}{7}\)
=>7(2n-1)=13(n+1)
=>14n-7=13n+13
=>n=20
=>13/7 là số hạng thứ 20 trong dãy
1:
a: u1=1^2-1=0
u2=2^2-1=3
u3=3^2-1=8
u4=4^2-1=15
b: 99=n^2-1
=>n^2=100
mà n>=0
nên n=10
=>99 là số thứ 10 trong dãy
1:
a:
u1=1^2+1=2
u2=2^2+1=5
u3=3^2+1=10
u4=4^2+1=17
b: Đặt 101=n^2+1
=>n^2=100
=>n=10
=>101 là số hạng thứ 10
2:
a: \(u1=\dfrac{1+1}{2-1}=2\)
\(u2=\dfrac{2+1}{2\cdot2-1}=\dfrac{3}{3}=1\)
\(u_3=\dfrac{3+1}{2\cdot3-1}=\dfrac{4}{5}\)
\(u_4=\dfrac{4+1}{2\cdot4-1}=\dfrac{5}{7}\)
b: Đặt \(\dfrac{n+1}{2n-1}=\dfrac{31}{59}\)
=>59(n+1)=31(2n-1)
=>62n-31=59n+59
=>3n=90
=>n=30
=>31/59 là số hạng thứ 30 trong dãy
a) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u_5=96\\u_7=384\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(u^2_6=u_5.u_7=96.384=36864\)
\(\Leftrightarrow u_6=192\)
\(q=\dfrac{u_7}{u_6}=\dfrac{384}{192}=2\)
\(u_5=u_1.q^4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow u_1=\dfrac{u_5}{q^4}=\dfrac{96}{2^4}=6\)
b) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u_4-u_2=25\\u_3-u_1=50\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u_1.q^3-u_1.q=25\\u_1.q^2-u_1=50\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u_1.q\left(q^2-1\right)=25\left(1\right)\\u_1.\left(q^2-1\right)=50\left(2\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left(1\right):\left(2\right)\Leftrightarrow q=\dfrac{25}{50}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\left(2\right)\Leftrightarrow u_1=\dfrac{50}{q^2-1}=\dfrac{50}{\dfrac{1}{4}-1}=-\dfrac{200}{3}\)
a: u4=4 và u6=8
=>u1+3d=4 và u1+5d=8
=>-2d=-4 và u1+3d=4
=>d=2 và u1=4-3d=-2
b: u1-u3+u5=10 và u1+u6=17
=>u1-u1-2d+u1+4d=10 và u1+u1+5d=17
=>u1+2d=10 và 2u1+5d=17
=>u1=16 và d=-3
c: u1+u2=5 và u3*u5=91
=>u1+u1+d=5 và (u1+2d)(u1+4d)=91
=>2u1+d=5 và (u1+2d)(u1+4d)=91
=>d=5-2u1 và (u1+10-4u1)(u1+20-8u1)=91
=>d=5-2u1 và (-3u1+10)(-7u1+20)=91
(-3u1+10)(-7u1+20)=91
=>21u1^2-60u1-70u1+200=91
=>21u1^2-130u1+109=0
=>u1=1 hoặc u1=109/21
Khi u1=1 thì d=5-2u1=5-2=3
Khi u1=109/21 thì d=5-2u1=5-218/21=-113/21
Theo tính chất của cấp số cộng, ta có \(u_1+u_4=u_2+u_3\)
Do đó : \(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-u_1\right)\left(x-u_2\right)\left(x-u_3\right)\left(x-u_4\right)=\left[x^2-\left(u_1-u_4\right)x+u_1u_4\right]\left[x^2-\left(u_2-u_3\right)x+u_2u_3\right]\)(*)
Đặt \(t=x^2-\left(u_1+u_4\right)x=x^2-\left(u_2+u_3\right)x\)
Khi đó (*) \(\Leftrightarrow f\left(t\right)=\left(t+u_1u_4\right)\left(t+u_2u_3\right)+9=t^2+\left(u_1u_4+u_2u_3\right)t+u_1u_4u_2u_3+9\)
Với \(\Delta_t=\left(u_1u_4+u_2u_3\right)^2-4u_1u_4u_2u_3-36=\left(u_1u_4+u_2u_3\right)^2-36\)
Rõ ràng \(\left|u_1u_4-u_2u_3\right|\le6\Rightarrow\Delta_t<0\leftrightarrow f\left(t\right)>0\)với mọi t
<=> A có nghĩa với mọi x