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\(n_{MnO_2}=\dfrac{3,48}{87}=0,04(mol)\\ n_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{0,672}{22,4}=0,03(mol)\\ a,MnO_2+4HCl\xrightarrow{t^o}MnCl_2+Cl_2+2H_2O\\ \Rightarrow n_{Cl_2(p/ứ)}=0,04(mol)\\ \Rightarrow V_{Cl_2(p/ứ)}=0,04.22,4=0,896(l)\\ \Rightarrow H\%=\dfrac{0,672}{0,896}.100\%=75\%\)
\(b,n_{Cu}=\dfrac{0,64}{64}=0,01(mol)\\ 2Fe+3Cl_2\xrightarrow{t^o}2FeCl_3(1)\\ Cu+Cl_2\xrightarrow{t^o}CuCl_2(2)\\ \Rightarrow n_{Cl_2(2)}=n_{Cu}=0,01(mol)\\ \Rightarrow n_{Cl_2(1)}=0,03-0,01=0,02(mol)\\ \Rightarrow n_{Fe}=\dfrac{1}{75}(mol) \Rightarrow m_{Fe}=\dfrac{1}{75}.56=0,75(g)\\ \Rightarrow m_{hh}=0,75+0,64=1,39(g)\)
\(c,FeCl_3+3AgNO_3\to Fe(NO_3)_3+3AgCl\downarrow\\ CuCl_2+2AgNO_3\to Cu(NO_3)_2+2AgCl\downarrow\\ \Rightarrow \Sigma n_{AgCl}=3n_{FeCl_3}+2n_{CuCl_2}=0,04+0,01=0,05(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{\downarrow}=\Sigma m_{AgCl}=0,05.143,5=7,175(g)\\ d,FeCl_3+3NaOH\to Fe(OH)_3\downarrow+3NaCl\\ CuCl_2+2NaOH\to Cu(OH)_2\downarrow+2NaCl\\ \Rightarrow \Sigma n_{naOH}=3n_{FeCl_3}+2n_{CuCl_2}=0,05(mol)\\ \Rightarrow V_{dd_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{0,05}{2}=0,025(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{dd_{NaOH}}=0,025.1,12=0,028(g)\)
\(a)n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15mol\\ 2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
0,1 0,3 0,1 0,15
\(\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,1.27}{10,7}\cdot100\%=25,23\%\\ \%m_{MgO}=100\%-25,23\%=76,75\%\\ b)n_{MgO}=\dfrac{10,7-0,1.27}{40}=0,2mol\\ MgO+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2O\)
0,2 0,4
\(V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,4+0,3}{0,5}=1,4l\)
\(a)n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1mol\\ n_{Mg}=\dfrac{4,8}{24}=0,2mol\\ Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
0,1 0,2 0,1 0,1
\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
0,2 0,4 0,2 0,2
\(V_{H_2}=\left(0,1+0,2\right).22,4=6,72l\\ b)V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,2+0,4}{2}=0,3l\\ c)m_{muối}=0,1.127+95.0,2=31,7g\)
\(\text{Đặt }n_{Al}=x(mol);n_{Fe}=y(mol)\\ \Rightarrow 27x+56y=13,9(1)\\ n_{H_2}=\dfrac{7,84}{22,4}=0,35(mol)\\ a,PTHH:2Al+6HCl\to 2AlCl_3+3H_2(1)\\ Fe+2HCl\to FeCl_2+H_2(2)\\ b,\text{Từ 2 PT: }1,5x+y=0,35(2)\\ (1)(2)\Rightarrow x=0,1(mol);y=0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Al}=0,1.27=2,7(g)\\ m_{Fe}=0,2.56=11,2(g)\)
\(c,n_{HCl(1)}=3n_{Al}=0,3(mol);n_{AlCl_3}=0,1(mol);n_{H_2(1)}=0,15(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{dd_{HCl(1)}}=\dfrac{0,3.36,5}{14,6\%}=75(g)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{0,1.133,5}{2,7+75-0,15.2}.100\%=17,25\%\)
\(n_{HCl(2)}=2n_{Fe}=0,4(mol);n_{FeCl_2}=n_{H_2(2)}=n_{Fe}=0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m{dd_{HCl(2)}}=\dfrac{0,4.36,5}{14,6\%}=100(g)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{0,2.127}{11,2+100-0,2.2}.100\%=22,92\%\)
a) 2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2
b) Gọi số mol Al, Fe lần lượt là a,b
=> 27a + 56b = 13,9
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{7,84}{22,4}=0,35\left(mol\right)\)
2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
a----->3a--------->a------->1,5a______(mol)
Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2
b------>2b-------->b----->b__________(mol)
=> 1,5a + b = 0,35
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1=>m_{Al}=0,1.27=2,7\left(g\right)\\b=0,2=>m_{Fe}=0,2.56=11,2\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
c) nHCl = 3a + 2b = 0,7 (mol)
=> mHCl = 0,7.36,5 = 25,55(g)
=> \(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{25,55.100}{14,6}=175\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{dd\left(saupu\right)}=13,9+175-2.0,35=188,2\left(g\right)\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{AlCl_3}=0,1.133,5=13,35\left(g\right)\\m_{FeCl_2}=0,2.127=25,4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%\left(AlCl_3\right)=\dfrac{13,35}{188,2}.100\%=7,1\%\\C\%\left(FeCl_2\right)=\dfrac{25,4}{188,2}.100\%=13,5\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{H2}=\dfrac{0,672}{22,4}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)
Pt : \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2|\)
1 2 1 1
0,03 0,06 0,03 0,03
\(MgO+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2O|\)
1 2 1 1
0,03 0,06 0,03
a) \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,03.1}{1}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{Mg}=0,03.24=0,72\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{MgO}=1,92-0,72=1,2\left(g\right)\)
b) Có : \(m_{MgO}=1,2\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{MgO}=\dfrac{1,12}{40}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl\left(tổng\right)}=0,06+0,06=0,12\left(mol\right)\)
400ml = 0,4l
\(C_{M_{ddHCl}}=\dfrac{0,12}{0,4}=0,3\left(l\right)\)
c) \(n_{MgCl2\left(tổng\right)}=0,03+0,03=0,06\left(mol\right)\)
\(C_{M_{MgCl2}}=\dfrac{0,06}{0,4}=0,15\left(M\right)\)
Chúc bạn học tốt
a) Đặt nMgO=a;nFe2O3=b(mol) (a,b>0)
=> 40a+160b=32 (1)
PTHH:
Fe2O3+3H2----->2Fe+3H2O (*)
b 3b 2b 3b (mol)
Từ PTHH (*) => nFe=2b (mol)
Do MgO không phản ứng với H2 nên chất rắn X gồm: MgO,Fe.
=> 40a+56.2b=24,8 (2)
Từ (1) và (2) => \(\hept{\begin{cases}a=0,2\\b=0,15\end{cases}}\)
=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}mMgO=0,2.40=8\left(g\right)\\mFe2O3=0,15.160=24\left(g\right)\end{cases}}\)
=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}\%mMgO=25\%\\\%mFe2O3=75\%\end{cases}}\)
b) Từ PTHH (*) => nFe= 2.0,2=0,4 (mol)
PTHH:
MgO+2HCl----->MgCl2+H2O
0,2 0,4 0,2 0,2 (mol)
Fe+2HCl----->FeCl2+H2
0,4 0,8 0,4 0,4 (mol)
Từ PTHH => nHCl=1,2 (mol); nH2=0,4 (mol)
=> \(V_{ddHCl}=\frac{1,2}{2}=0,6\left(l\right);V_{H2}=0,4.22,4=8,96\left(l\right)\)
CHÚC BẠN HỌC TỐT !!!
