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![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Giải:
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=\dfrac{a+c}{b+d}\)
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=\dfrac{2c}{2d}=\dfrac{a+2c}{b+2d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a+c}{b+d}=\dfrac{a+2c}{b+2d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+2c\right)\left(b+d\right)=\left(a+c\right)\left(b+2d\right)\left(đpcm\right)\)
Vậy...
Vì \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}\)
Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}=k\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=ck\\b=dk\end{matrix}\right.\) (!)
Thay (!) vào đề bài:
VT = \(c\left(k+2\right).d\left(k+1\right)\left(1\right)\)
\(VP=c\left(k+1\right).d\left(k+2\right)\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow VT=VP\)
hay \(\left(a+2c\right)\left(b+d\right)=\left(a+c\right)\left(b+2d\right)\).
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(\left(a-2c\right)\left(b+2d\right)=\left(b-2d\right)\left(a+2c\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab+2ad-2bc-4cd=ab+2bc-2ad-4cd\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2ad+2ad=2bc+2bc\Leftrightarrow4ab=4bc\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ad=bc\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d},\left(a,b,c,d\ne0\right)\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Đặt a/b=c/d=k
=>a=bk; c=dk
a: \(\dfrac{2a+b}{2a-b}=\dfrac{2bk+b}{2bk-b}=\dfrac{2k+1}{2k-1}\)
\(\dfrac{2c+d}{2c-d}=\dfrac{2dk+d}{2dk-d}=\dfrac{2k+1}{2k-1}\)
=>\(\dfrac{2a+b}{2a-b}=\dfrac{2c+d}{2c-d}\)
b: \(\dfrac{2a+b}{a-2b}=\dfrac{2bk+b}{bk-2b}=\dfrac{2k+1}{k-2}\)
\(\dfrac{2c+d}{c-2d}=\dfrac{2dk+d}{dk-2d}=\dfrac{2k+1}{k-2}\)
=>\(\dfrac{2a+b}{a-2b}=\dfrac{2c+d}{c-2d}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Mình hướng dẫn thôi nhé:
Đặt: \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=kb\\c=kd\end{matrix}\right.\) . Sau đó thế vào biểu thức tính rồi suy ra đpcm
Ví dụ bài đầu tiên: Thế a = kb; c=kd vào biểu thức,ta có:
\(\dfrac{a}{a+b}=\dfrac{kb}{kb+b}=\dfrac{kb}{b\left(k+1\right)}=\dfrac{k}{k+1}\) (1)
\(\dfrac{c}{c+d}=\dfrac{kd}{kd+d}=\dfrac{kd}{d\left(k+1\right)}=\dfrac{k}{k+1}\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2) ,ta có đpcm: \(\dfrac{a}{a+b}=\dfrac{c}{c+d}\)
Các bài sau làm tương tự:Thế a=kb ; c=kd vào biểu thức rồi tính từng vế . Sau đó so sánh hai vế. Thấy hai vế = nhau => đpcm
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Ta có: \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}.\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=\frac{2c}{2d}.\)
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta được:
\(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=\frac{a+c}{b+d}\) (1)
\(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{2c}{2d}=\frac{a+2c}{b+2d}\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\frac{a+c}{b+d}=\frac{a+2c}{b+2d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+2c\right).\left(b+d\right)=\left(a+c\right).\left(b+2d\right)\left(đpcm\right).\)
Chúc bạn học tốt!
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Ta có:
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\Rightarrow a=bk;c=dk\)
a) \(\dfrac{3a+5c}{3b+5d}=\dfrac{3\cdot bk+5\cdot dk}{3b+5d}=\dfrac{k\left(3b+5d\right)}{3b+5d}=k\) (1)
\(\dfrac{a-2c}{b-2d}=\dfrac{bk-2dk}{b-2d}=\dfrac{k\left(b-2d\right)}{b-2d}=k\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{3a+5c}{3b+5d}=\dfrac{a-2c}{b-2d}\left(dpcm\right)\)
b) \(\dfrac{a^2-b^2}{ab}=\dfrac{\left(bk\right)^2-b^2}{bk\cdot b}=\dfrac{b^2k^2-b^2}{b^2k}=\dfrac{b^2\left(k-1\right)}{b^2k}=\dfrac{k-1}{k}\)(1)
\(\dfrac{c^2-d^2}{cd}=\dfrac{\left(dk\right)^2-d^2}{dk\cdot d}=\dfrac{d^2k^2-d^2}{d^2k}=\dfrac{d^2\left(k-1\right)}{d^2k}=\dfrac{k-1}{k}\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^2-b^2}{ab}=\dfrac{c^2-d^2}{cd}\left(dpcm\right)\)
c) \(\left(\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}\right)^3=\left(\dfrac{bk+b}{dk+d}\right)^3=\dfrac{b^3\left(k+1\right)^3}{d^3\left(k+1\right)^3}=\dfrac{b^3}{d^3}\) (1)
\(\dfrac{a^3+b^3}{c^3+d^3}=\dfrac{\left(bk\right)^3+b^3}{\left(dk\right)^3+d^3}=\dfrac{b^3k^3+b^3}{d^3k^3+d^3}=\dfrac{b^3\left(k^3+1\right)}{d^3\left(k^3+1\right)}=\dfrac{b^3}{d^3}\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left(\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}\right)^3=\dfrac{a^3+b^3}{c^3+d^3}\left(dpcm\right)\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
b.\(ĐK:x;y\in Z^+;x;y\ne0\)
\(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}=\dfrac{1}{5}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{5}{x}+\dfrac{5}{y}=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{5}{x}=1-\dfrac{5}{y}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{5}{x}=\dfrac{y-5}{y}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x}{5}=\dfrac{y}{y-5}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{5y}{y-5}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=5+\dfrac{25}{y-5}\) ( bạn chia \(5y\) cho \(y-5\) ý )
Để x;y là số nguyên dương thì \(25⋮y-5\) hay \(y-5\in U\left(25\right)=\left\{\pm1;\pm5;\pm25\right\}\)
TH1:
\(y-5=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=6\\x=30\end{matrix}\right.\) ( tm ) ( bạn thế y=6 vào \(x=5+\dfrac{25}{y+5}\) nhé )
Xét tương tự, ta ra được nghiệm nguyên dương của phương trình:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=30\\y=6\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=10\\y=10\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=6\\y=30\end{matrix}\right.\)
Câu a mik ko bt nên bạn tham khảo nhé:
https://hoc24.vn/cau-hoi/cho-a-b-c-0-va-day-ti-so-dfrac2bc-aadfrac2c-babdfrac2ab-cctinh-p-dfracleft3a-2brightleft3b-2crightleft.177725456910
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a: Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=bk\\c=dk\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{5a+2b}{5a-2b}=\dfrac{5bk+2b}{5bk-2b}=\dfrac{5k+2}{5k-2}\)
\(\dfrac{5c+2d}{5c-2d}=\dfrac{5dk+2d}{5dk-2d}=\dfrac{5k+2}{5k-2}\)
Do đó: \(\dfrac{5a+2b}{5a-2b}=\dfrac{5c+2d}{5c-2d}\)
Đặt
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=bk\\c=dk\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+2c\right)\left(b+d\right)=\left(bk+2dk\right)\left(b+d\right)\)
\(=bk\left(b+d\right)+2dk\left(b+d\right)\)
\(=b^2k+bdk+2bdk+2d^2k\)
\(=b^2k+3bdk+2d^2k\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+c\right)\left(b+2d\right)=\left(bk+dk\right)\left(b+2d\right)\)
\(=bk\left(b+2d\right)+dk\left(b+2d\right)\)
\(=b^2k+2bdk+bdk+2d^2k\)
\(=b^2k+3bdk+2d^2k\)
\(VT=VP\)\(\Rightarrowđpcm\)