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\(f\left(2\right)=a.2^2+b.2+c=4a+2b+c\)
\(f\left(-5\right)=a.\left(-5\right)^2+b.\left(-5\right)+c=25a-5b+c\)
\(f\left(2\right)+f\left(5\right)=4a+2b+c+25a-5b+c=29a-3b+2c\)
\(=\left(29a+2c\right)-3b=3b-3b=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow f\left(2\right)=-f\left(-5\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow f\left(2\right)f\left(-5\right)\le0\).
Vì \(29a+2c=3b\) => \(c=\frac{3b-29a}{2}\)
Ta có: \(f\left(2\right).f\left(-5\right)=\left[a.2^2+b.2+c\right]\left[a\left(-5\right)^2+b.\left(-5\right)+c\right]\)
\(=\left(4a+2b+c\right)\left(25a-5b+c\right)\)
\(=\left(4a+2b+\frac{3b-29a}{2}\right)\left(25a-5b+\frac{3b-29a}{2}\right)\)
\(=\left(\frac{8a+4b+3b-29a}{2}\right)\left(\frac{50a-10b+3b-29a}{2}\right)\)
\(=\left(\frac{-21a+7b}{2}\right)\left(\frac{21a-7b}{2}\right)\)
\(=\frac{-7}{2}\left(3a-b\right).\frac{7}{2}\left(3a-b\right)\)
\(=\frac{-49}{4}\left(3a-b\right)^2\le0\) (ĐFCM)
Giả sử f(x)=ax2+bx+cf(x)=ax2+bx+c (do đề bài cho là đa thức bậc hai)
Suy ra
f(x)−f(x−1)=ax2+bx+c−a(x−1)2−b(x−1)−c=2ax+a+bf(x)−f(x−1)=ax2+bx+c−a(x−1)2−b(x−1)−c=2ax+a+b
Mà f(x)−f(x−1)=xf(x)−f(x−1)=x
⇒2ax+a+b=x⇒2ax+a+b=x
Do đó a+b=0a+b=0 và a=1/2a=1/2 từ đó ta suy ra a=1/2;b=−1/2a=1/2;b=−1/2
Do đó f(x)=x22−x2+cf(x)=x22−x2+c
f(n)=1+2+3+...+nf(n)=1+2+3+...+n
Áp dụng điều ta vừa chứng minh được thì:
f(1)−f(0)=1f(1)−f(0)=1
f(2)−f(1)=2f(2)−f(1)=2
....
f(n)−f(n−1)=nf(n)−f(n−1)=n
Do đó
1+2+...+n=f(1)−f(0)+f(2)−f(1)+...+f(n)−f(n−1)=f(n)−f(0)=n22−n2=n(n−1)2
Suy ra
f(x)−f(x−1)=ax2+bx+c−a(x−1)2−b(x−1)−c=2ax+a+bf(x)−f(x−1)=ax2+bx+c−a(x−1)2−b(x−1)−c=2ax+a+b
Mà f(x)−f(x−1)=xf(x)−f(x−1)=x
⇒2ax+a+b=x⇒2ax+a+b=x
Do đó a+b=0a+b=0 và a=1/2a=1/2 từ đó ta suy ra a=1/2;b=−1/2a=1/2;b=−1/2
Do đó f(x)=x22−x2+cf(x)=x22−x2+c
f(n)=1+2+3+...+nf(n)=1+2+3+...+n
Áp dụng điều ta vừa chứng minh được thì:
f(1)−f(0)=1f(1)−f(0)=1
f(2)−f(1)=2f(2)−f(1)=2
....
f(n)−f(n−1)=nf(n)−f(n−1)=n
Do đó
1+2+...+n=f(1)−f(0)+f(2)−f(1)+...+f(n)−f(n−1)=f(n)−f(0)=n22−n2=n(n−1)2
:3
Câu hỏi của Nguyễn Bá Huy h - Toán lớp 7 - Học toán với OnlineMath
Em tham khảo nhé!
\(f\left(x\right)=\frac{2x+1}{x^2\left(x+1\right)^2}=\frac{x^2+2x+1-x^2}{x^2\left(x+1\right)^2}=\frac{\left(x+1\right)^2-x^2}{x^2\left(x+1\right)^2}\)
\(=\frac{1}{x^2}-\frac{1}{\left(x+1\right)^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow f\left(1\right)=\frac{1}{1^2}-\frac{1}{2^2}\)
\(f\left(2\right)=\frac{1}{2^2}-\frac{1}{3^2}\)
\(f\left(3\right)=\frac{1}{3^2}-\frac{1}{4^2}\)
...
\(f\left(x\right)=\frac{1}{x^2}-\frac{1}{\left(x+1\right)^2}\)
Lúc đó: \(f\left(1\right)+f\left(2\right)+f\left(3\right)+...+f\left(x\right)=\frac{1}{1^2}-\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{2^2}-\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}\)
\(-\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{x^2}-\frac{1}{\left(x+1\right)^2}=1-\frac{1}{\left(x+1\right)^2}\)
Thay về đầu bài, ta được: \(1-\frac{1}{\left(x+1\right)^2}=\frac{2y\left(x+1\right)^3-1}{\left(x+1\right)^2}-19+x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1-\frac{1}{\left(x+1\right)^2}=2y\left(x+1\right)-\frac{1}{\left(x+1\right)^2}-19+x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2y\left(x+1\right)+\left(x+1\right)=21\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)\left(2y+1\right)=21\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+1\\2y+1\end{cases}}\inƯ\left(21\right)=\left\{\pm1;\pm3;\pm7;\pm21\right\}\)
Lập bảng:
| \(x+1\) | \(1\) | \(3\) | \(7\) | \(21\) | \(-1\) | \(-3\) | \(-7\) | \(-21\) |
| \(2y+1\) | \(21\) | \(7\) | \(3\) | \(1\) | \(-21\) | \(-7\) | \(-3\) | \(-1\) |
| \(x\) | \(0\) | \(2\) | \(6\) | \(20\) | \(-2\) | \(-4\) | \(-8\) | \(-22\) |
| \(y\) | \(10\) | \(3\) | \(1\) | \(0\) | \(-11\) | \(-4\) | \(-2\) | \(-1\) |
Mà \(x\ne0\)nên \(\left(x,y\right)\in\left\{\left(2,3\right);\left(6,1\right);\left(20,0\right);\left(-2,-11\right);\left(-4,-4\right);\left(-8,-2\right)\right\}\)\(\left(-22,-1\right)\)
Ta có: \(f\left(x\right)=ax^2+bx+c\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}f\left(2\right)=a\cdot2^2+2b+c=4a+2b+c\\f\left(-5\right)=a\cdot\left(-5\right)^2-5b+c=25a-5b+c\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow f\left(2\right)\cdot f\left(-5\right)=\left(4a+2b+c\right)\left(25a-5b+c\right)\)
Lại có:\(25a-5b+c=29a+2c-c-4a-5b\)
\(=3b-c-4a-5b=-2b-c-4a=-\left(4a+2b+c\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow f\left(2\right)\cdot f\left(-5\right)=-\left(4a+2b+c\right)\left(4a+2b+c\right)\)
\(=-\left(4a+2b+c\right)^2\le0\forall a,b,c\)
=> Q(2)=a2^2+2b+c=4a+2b+c
Q(-1)=a(-1)^2+(-1)b+c=a-b+c
Ta có: 4a+2b+c=5a+b+2c-a+b-c=0-a+b-c=-a+b-c
=>Q(2).Q(-1)=(4a+2b+c).(a-b+c)=(-a+b-c).(a-b+c)=-(a-b+c).(a-b+c)≤ 0 với mọi a,b,c