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bài này ta có thể giải theo 2 cách
ta có A = \(\frac{x^2-2x+2011}{x^2}\)
= \(\frac{x^2}{x^2}\)- \(\frac{2x}{x^2}\)+ \(\frac{2011}{x^2}\)
= 1 - \(\frac{2}{x}\)+ \(\frac{2011}{x^2}\)
đặt \(\frac{1}{x}\)= y ta có
A= 1- 2y + 2011y^2
cách 1 :
A = 2011y^2 - 2y + 1
= 2011 ( y^2 - \(\frac{2}{2011}y\)+ \(\frac{1}{2011}\))
= 2011( y^2 - 2.y.\(\frac{1}{2011}\)+ \(\frac{1}{2011^2}\)- \(\frac{1}{2011^2}\) + \(\frac{1}{2011}\))
= 2011 \(\left(\left(y-\frac{1}{2011}\right)^2\right)+\frac{2010}{2011^2}\)
= 2011\(\left(y-\frac{1}{2011}\right)^2\)+ \(\frac{2010}{2011}\)
vì ( y - \(\frac{1}{2011}\)) 2>=0
=> 2011\(\left(y-\frac{1}{2011}\right)^2\)+ \(\frac{2010}{2011}\)> = \(\frac{2010}{2011}\)
hay A >=\(\frac{2010}{2011}\)
cách 2
A = 2011y^2 - 2y + 1
= ( \(\sqrt{2011y^2}\)) - 2 . \(\sqrt{2011y}\). \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2011}}\)+ \(\frac{1}{2011}\)+ \(\frac{2010}{2011}\)
= \(\left(\sqrt{2011y}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2011}}\right)^2\)+ \(\frac{2010}{2011}\)
vì \(\left(\sqrt{2011y}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2011}}\right)^2\)> =0
nên \(\left(\sqrt{2011y}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2011}}\right)^2\)+ \(\frac{2010}{2011}\)>= \(\frac{2010}{2011}\)
hay A >= \(\frac{2010}{2011}\)
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\(A=m^2-2m-5\)
\(=m^2-2m+1-6\)
\(=\left(m-1\right)^2-6\ge-6\)
Dấu '' = '' xảy ra khi \(\left(m-1\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow m=1\)
Vậy \(Min_A=-6\) khi \(m=1\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
ta thấy:m2\(\ge\)0
=>m2-m\(\ge\)0-m
=>m2-m+1\(\ge\)-m+1
=>A\(\ge\)-m+1
vậy Amin=3 khi m=0
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Ta có :\(A=m^2-m+1\)
\(\Rightarrow A=m^2-\frac{1}{2}m-\frac{1}{2}m+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{3}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=m\left(m-\frac{1}{2}\right)-\frac{1}{2}\left(m-\frac{1}{2}\right)+\frac{3}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\left(m-\frac{1}{2}\right)\left(m-\frac{1}{2}\right)+\frac{3}{4}=\left(m-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\ge\frac{3}{4},với\forall m\in Q\)
Dấu"=" xảy ra khi \(MinA=\frac{3}{4}\Leftrightarrow m-\frac{1}{2}=0\Leftrightarrow m=\frac{1}{2}\)
Vậy...........
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\(M-\frac{2020}{2011}=\frac{a^2-2a+2011}{a^2}-\frac{2010}{2011}\)
\(=\frac{2011a^2-2.2011a+2011^2-2010a^2}{2011a^2}\)
\(=\frac{a^2-2.2011a+2011^2}{2011a^2}=\frac{\left(a-2011\right)^2}{2011a^2}\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow M\ge\frac{2010}{2011}\)
Vậy giá trị nhỏ nhất của \(M=\frac{2010}{2011}\) khi \(a-2011=0\Rightarrow a=2011\)