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Đặt t=x−z, dễ thấy 0≤t≤x−y⇒t=k(x−y),k∈[0;1]. Ta có:
f(x)+f(y)−f(z)−f(x+y−z)=f(x)+f(y)−f(x−t)−f(y+t)=f(x)+f(y)−f(x−k(x−y))−f(y+k(x−y))=f(x)+f(y)−f((1−k)x+ky)−f(kx+(1−k)y)≥f(x)+f(y)−(1−k)f(x)−kf(y)−kf(x)−(1−k)f(y)=0(Q.E.D
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Áp dụng tc dtsbn:
\(\dfrac{x}{2013}=\dfrac{y}{2014}=\dfrac{z}{2015}=\dfrac{x-z}{-2}=\dfrac{y-z}{-1}=\dfrac{x-y}{-1}\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x-z}{2}=\dfrac{y-z}{1}=\dfrac{x-y}{1}\\ \Leftrightarrow x-z=2\left(y-z\right)=2\left(x-y\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-z\right)^3=8\left(x-y\right)^3=8\left(x-y\right)^2\left(x-y\right)=8\left(x-y\right)^2\left(y-z\right)\)
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Bài 3:
\(24^{54}\cdot54^{24}\cdot2^{10}\)
\(=\left(2^3\cdot3\right)^{54}\cdot\left(3^3\cdot2\right)^{24}\cdot2^{10}\)
\(=2^{108}\cdot3^{54}\cdot3^{72}\cdot2^{24}\cdot2^{10}\)
\(=2^{142}\cdot3^{78}\)
\(72^{63}=\left(2^3\cdot3^2\right)^{63}=2^{189}\cdot3^{126}⋮2^{142}\cdot3^{78}\)(ĐPCM)
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\(2\left(x-y\right)^2=\left(z-x\right)\left(z-y\right)\Leftrightarrow\frac{2\left(x-y\right)^2}{\left(z-x\right)\left(z-y\right)}=1\)
\(\frac{2\left(z-y\right)^2}{\left(z-x\right)\left(z-y\right)}=\frac{\left(x-y\right)^2}{z\left(x-y\right)}=\frac{x-y}{z}\Rightarrow x-y=z\)
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Giải :
Đặt \(\frac{x}{2013}=\frac{y}{2014}=\frac{z}{2015}=k\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=2013k\\y=2014k\\z=2015k\end{cases}}\)
Khi đó, ta có : 4(2013k - 2014k)(2014k - 2015k) = 4. (-k).(-k) = 4.k2 (1)
(2015k - 2013k)2 = (2k)2 = 22.k2 = 4k2 (2)
Từ (1) và (2) suy ta 4(x - y)(y - z) = (z - x)2
chịu