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AH
Akai Haruma
Giáo viên
27 tháng 2 2020

Ta có:

\(\frac{xz}{y^2+yz}+\frac{y^2}{xz+yz}+\frac{x+2z}{x+z}=\frac{xz}{y^2+yz}+\frac{y^2}{xz+yz}+\frac{z}{x+z}+1\)

\(=\frac{1}{\frac{y^2}{xz}+\frac{y}{x}}+\frac{1}{\frac{xz}{y^2}+\frac{z}{y}}+\frac{1}{\frac{x}{z}+1}+1\)

Đặt \((\frac{x}{y}, \frac{y}{z})=(a,b)\Rightarrow ab=\frac{x}{z}\geq 1\) do $x\ge z$

Bài toán trở thành: Cho 2 số dương $a,b$ thỏa mãn $ab\geq 1$. Tìm min của

\(P=\frac{1}{\frac{b}{a}+\frac{1}{a}}+\frac{1}{\frac{a}{b}+\frac{1}{b}}+\frac{1}{ab+1}+1=\frac{a}{b+1}+\frac{b}{a+1}+\frac{1}{ab+1}+1\)

Có: \(P+1=\frac{a+b+1}{b+1}+\frac{b+a+1}{a+1}+\frac{1}{ab+1}\). Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz và AM-GM ta có:

\(P+1\geq (a+b+1).\frac{4}{b+1+a+1}+\frac{1}{(\frac{a+b}{2})^2+1}=\frac{4(a+b+1)}{a+b+2}+\frac{4}{(a+b)^2+4}(1)\)

Đặt \(t=a+b\). Theo BĐT AM-GM \(t=a+b\geq 2\sqrt{ab}\geq 2\sqrt{1}=2\)

Xét hiệu:

\(\frac{4(a+b+1)}{a+b+2}+\frac{4}{(a+b)^2+4}-\frac{7}{2}=\frac{4(t+1)}{t+2}+\frac{4}{t^2+4}-\frac{7}{2}\)

\(=\frac{t^3-6t^2+12t-8}{2(t+2)(t^2+4)}=\frac{(t-2)^3}{2(t+2)(t^2+4)}\geq 0, \forall t\geq 2\)

\(\Rightarrow \frac{4(a+b+1)}{a+b+2}+\frac{4}{(a+b)^2+4}\geq \frac{7}{2}(2)\)

Từ \((1);(2)\Rightarrow P+1\geq \frac{7}{2}\Rightarrow P\geq \frac{5}{2}\)

Vậy $P_{\min}=\frac{5}{2}$

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $x=y=z$

27 tháng 2 2020

@Akai Haruma

15 tháng 4 2016

Theo giả thiết ta có : \(x+yz=yz-z-1=\left(z-1\right)\left(y+1\right)=\left(x+y\right)\left(y+1\right)\)

Tương tự : \(y+zx=\left(x+y\right)\left(x+1\right)\)

Và \(z+xy=\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)\)

Nên \(P=\frac{x}{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+1\right)}+\frac{y}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+1\right)}+\frac{z^2+2}{\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)}\)

            \(=\frac{x^2+y^2+x+y}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)}+\frac{z^2+2}{\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)}\)

Ta có \(x^2+y^2\ge\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2};\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)\le\frac{\left(x+y+2\right)^2}{4}\)

nên \(P\ge\frac{2\left(x+y\right)^2+4\left(x+y\right)}{\left(x+y+2\right)^2\left(x+y\right)}+\frac{4\left(z^2+2\right)}{\left(x+y+2\right)^2}=\frac{2\left(x+y\right)+4}{\left(x+y+2\right)^2}+\frac{4\left(z^2+2\right)}{\left(x+y+2\right)^2}\)

                                                       \(=\frac{2}{z+1}+\frac{4\left(z^2+2\right)}{\left(z+1\right)^2}=f\left(z\right);z>1\)

Lập bảng biến thiên ta được \(f\left(z\right)\ge\frac{13}{4}\) hay min \(P=\frac{13}{4}\) khi \(\begin{cases}z=3\\x=y=1\end{cases}\)

21 tháng 1 2017

Áp dụng BĐT Cô - si cho 3 bộ số không âm

\(\Rightarrow\frac{z\left(xy+1\right)^2}{y^2\left(yz+1\right)}+\frac{x\left(yz+1\right)^2}{z^2\left(xz+1\right)}+\frac{y\left(xz+1\right)^2}{x^2\left(xy+1\right)}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{xyz\left(xy+1\right)^2\left(yz+1\right)^2\left(xz+1\right)^2}{x^2y^2z^2\left(yz+1\right)\left(xz+1\right)\left(xy+1\right)}}=3\sqrt[3]{\frac{\left(xy+1\right)\left(yz+1\right)\left(xz+1\right)}{xyz}}\)

Xét \(3\sqrt[3]{\frac{\left(xy+1\right)\left(yz+1\right)\left(xz+1\right)}{xyz}}\)

\(=3\sqrt[3]{\left(\frac{xy+1}{x}\right)\left(\frac{yz+1}{y}\right)\left(\frac{xz+1}{z}\right)}\)

\(=3\sqrt[3]{\left(y+\frac{1}{x}\right)\left(z+\frac{1}{y}\right)\left(x+\frac{1}{z}\right)}\)

Áp dụng BĐT Cô - si

\(\Rightarrow\left\{\begin{matrix}y+\frac{1}{x}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{y}{x}}\\z+\frac{1}{y}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{z}{y}}\\x+\frac{1}{z}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{x}{z}}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(y+\frac{1}{x}\right)\left(z+\frac{1}{y}\right)\left(x+\frac{1}{z}\right)\ge8\)

\(\Rightarrow3\sqrt[3]{\left(y+\frac{1}{x}\right)\left(z+\frac{1}{y}\right)\left(x+\frac{1}{z}\right)}\ge3\sqrt[3]{8}\)

\(\Rightarrow3\sqrt[3]{\left(y+\frac{1}{x}\right)\left(z+\frac{1}{y}\right)\left(x+\frac{1}{z}\right)}\ge6\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3\sqrt[3]{\frac{\left(xy+1\right)\left(yz+1\right)\left(xz+1\right)}{xyz}}\ge6\)

\(\frac{z\left(xy+1\right)^2}{y^2\left(yz+1\right)}+\frac{x\left(yz+1\right)^2}{z^2\left(xz+1\right)}+\frac{y\left(xz+1\right)^2}{x^2\left(xy+1\right)}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{\left(xy+1\right)\left(yz+1\right)\left(xz+1\right)}{xyz}}\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{z\left(xy+1\right)^2}{y^2\left(yz+1\right)}+\frac{x\left(yz+1\right)^2}{z^2\left(xz+1\right)}+\frac{y\left(xz+1\right)^2}{x^2\left(xy+1\right)}\ge6\)

Vậy GTNN của \(\frac{z\left(xy+1\right)^2}{y^2\left(yz+1\right)}+\frac{x\left(yz+1\right)^2}{z^2\left(xz+1\right)}+\frac{y\left(xz+1\right)^2}{x^2\left(xy+1\right)}=6\)

4 tháng 12 2019

Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy 

\(\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{yz}+\frac{1}{zx}\ge\frac{9}{xy+yz+zx}\)

\(M\ge\frac{1}{x^2+y^2+z^2}+\frac{9}{xy+yz+zx}=\frac{1}{x^2+y^2+z^2}+\frac{4}{2\left(xy+yz+xz\right)}+\frac{7}{xy+yz+zx}\)

Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy - Schwarz :

\(\frac{1}{x^2+y^2+z^2}+\frac{4}{2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}\ge\frac{\left(1+2\right)^2}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}=9\)

và \(\frac{7}{xy+yz+xz}\ge\frac{7}{\frac{1}{3}\left(x+y+z\right)^2}=21\)

\(\Rightarrow M\ge9+21=30\)

Dấu " = " xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\frac{1}{3}\)

7 tháng 5 2020

Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy schwarz ta có:

\(M=\frac{1}{x^2+y^2+z^2}+\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{yz}+\frac{1}{zx}\)

\(\ge\frac{1}{x^2+y^2+z^2}+\frac{9}{xy+yz+zx}\)

\(=\frac{1}{x^2+y^2+z^2}+\frac{4}{2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}+\frac{7}{2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}\)

\(\ge\frac{9}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}+\frac{7}{\frac{2\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3}}=30\)

Đẳng thức xảy ra tại x=y=z=1/3

NV
30 tháng 6 2020

Đặt \(\left(\frac{1}{x};\frac{1}{y};\frac{1}{z}\right)=\left(a;b;c\right)>0\Rightarrow a+b+c=2\)

\(\Rightarrow P=\frac{a^3}{\left(2-a\right)^2}+\frac{b^3}{\left(2-b\right)^2}+\frac{c^3}{\left(2-c\right)^2}\)

Ta có đánh giá: \(\frac{a^3}{\left(2-a\right)^2}\ge\frac{2a-1}{2}\) ; \(\forall a\in\left(0;2\right)\)

Thật vậy, BĐT tương đương:

\(2a^3\ge\left(2a-1\right)\left(a^2-4a+4\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow9a^2-12a+4\ge0\Leftrightarrow\left(3a-2\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng)

Tương tự: \(\frac{b^3}{\left(2-b\right)^2}\ge\frac{2b-1}{2}\) ; \(\frac{c^3}{\left(2-c\right)^2}\ge\frac{2c-1}{2}\)

Cộng vế với vế: \(P\ge\frac{2\left(a+b+c\right)-3}{2}=\frac{1}{2}\)

\(P_{min}=\frac{1}{2}\) khi \(a=b=c=\frac{2}{3}\) hay \(x=y=z=\frac{3}{2}\)

18 tháng 8 2020

Áp dụng Bất Đẳng Thức Cosi ta có \(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{x^3}{1+y}+\frac{1+y}{4}+\frac{1}{2}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{x^3}{1+y}\cdot\frac{1+y}{4}\cdot\frac{1}{2}}=\frac{3x}{2}\\\frac{y^3}{1+z}+\frac{1+z}{4}+\frac{1}{2}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{y^3}{1+z}\cdot\frac{1+z}{4}\cdot\frac{1}{2}}=\frac{3y}{2}\\\frac{z^3}{1+x}+\frac{1+x}{4}+\frac{1}{2}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{z^3}{1+x}\cdot\frac{1+x}{4}\cdot\frac{1}{2}}=\frac{3z}{2}\end{cases}}\)

Cộng vế theo vế ta được \(P+\frac{3+x+y+z}{4}+\frac{3}{2}\ge\frac{3}{2}\left(x+y+z\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow P\ge\frac{5}{4}\left(x+y+z\right)-\frac{9}{4}\)

Mà ta có \(\left(x+y+z\right)^2\ge3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\ge9\Rightarrow x+y+z\ge3\)

Do đó \(P\ge\frac{5}{4}\cdot3-\frac{9}{4}=\frac{3}{2}\). Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x=y=z=1

Vậy minP=\(\frac{3}{2}\)khi x=y=z=1

20 tháng 8 2020

Ta có \(\left(\frac{x^3}{y^2+z}+\frac{y^3}{z^2+x}+\frac{z^3}{x^2+y}\right)\left[x\left(y^2+x\right)+y\left(z^2+x\right)+z\left(x^2+y\right)\right]\ge\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2\left(1\right)\)

Ta chứng minh \(\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2\ge\frac{4}{5}\left[x\left(y^2+z\right)+y\left(z^2+x\right)+z\left(x^2+y\right)\right]\)

\(\Leftrightarrow5\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2\ge4\left[x\left(y^2+z\right)+y\left(z^2+x\right)+z\left(x^2+y\right)\right]\left(2\right)\)

Thật vậy \(\hept{\begin{matrix}3\left(\Sigma x^2\right)^2\ge\left(\Sigma x^2\right)\cdot\Sigma x^2=4\Sigma zx\left(3\right)\\2\left(\Sigma x^2\right)^2\ge4\Sigma xy^2\left(4\right)\end{matrix}\Leftrightarrow2\left(\Sigma x^2\right)^2\ge\Sigma xy^2\left(x+y+z\right)}\)(*)

Từ các Bất Đẳng Thức \(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{x^4-2x^3z+z^2x^2}{2}\ge0\\\frac{x^4+y^4+2x^4}{4}\ge xyz^2\end{cases}}\)=> (*) đúng

Như vậy (3),(4) đúng => (2) đúng

Từ đó suy ra \(T\ge\frac{4}{5}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\frac{2}{3}\)