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\(VT=\sqrt{\frac{ab}{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}}+\sqrt{\frac{bc}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}+\sqrt{\frac{ca}{\left(b+c\right)\left(a+b\right)}}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy - Schwarz
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{\frac{ab}{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}}\le\frac{\frac{a}{a+c}+\frac{b}{b+c}}{2}\)
Tượng tự ta có \(\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{\frac{bc}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}\le\frac{\frac{b}{a+b}+\frac{c}{a+c}}{2}\\\sqrt{\frac{ca}{\left(b+c\right)\left(a+b\right)}}\le\frac{\frac{c}{b+c}+\frac{a}{a+b}}{2}\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\le\frac{\left(\frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{b}{a+b}\right)+\left(\frac{c}{a+c}+\frac{a}{c+a}\right)+\left(\frac{c}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+b}\right)}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\le\frac{\frac{a+b}{a+b}+\frac{c+a}{c+a}+\frac{b+c}{b+c}}{2}=\frac{3}{2}\) ( đpcm )
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
đk: \(y+3\ge0\)
BĐT cần chứng minh tương đương
\(BPT\Leftrightarrow1-2y-y^2\le\left(y+3\right)^2=y^2+6y+9\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2y^2+8y+8\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(y+2\right)^2\ge0\left(\forall y\right)\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: \(y+2=0\Rightarrow y=-2\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(ab+bc+ca\le a^2+b^2+c^2\le\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}\) ( bđt phụ + Cauchy-Schwarz dạng Engel )
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(a=b=c\)
CM bđt phụ : \(x^2+y^2+z^2\ge xy+yz+zx\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(2x^2+2y^2+2z^2\ge2xy+2yz+2zx\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(2x^2+2y^2+2z^2-2xy-2yz-2zx\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+\left(y^2-2yz+z^2\right)+\left(z^2-2zx+x^2\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2\ge0\) ( luôn đúng )
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(x=y=z\)
Chúc bạn học tốt ~
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Áp dụng giả thiết và một đánh giá quen thuộc, ta được: \(16\left(a+b+c\right)\ge\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=\frac{ab+bc+ca}{abc}=\frac{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2}{abc\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\ge\frac{3\left(a+b+c\right)}{ab+bc+ca}\)hay \(\frac{1}{6\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\le\frac{8}{9}\)
Đến đây, ta cần chứng minh \(\frac{1}{\left(a+b+\sqrt{2\left(a+c\right)}\right)^3}+\frac{1}{\left(b+c+\sqrt{2\left(b+a\right)}\right)^3}+\frac{1}{\left(c+a+\sqrt{2\left(c+b\right)}\right)^3}\le\frac{1}{6\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy cho ba số dương ta có \(a+b+\sqrt{2\left(a+c\right)}=a+b+\sqrt{\frac{a+c}{2}}+\sqrt{\frac{a+c}{2}}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}{2}}\)hay \(\left(a+b+\sqrt{2\left(a+c\right)}\right)^3\ge\frac{27\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}{2}\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{\left(a+b+2\sqrt{a+c}\right)^3}\le\frac{2}{27\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}\)
Hoàn toàn tương tự ta có \(\frac{1}{\left(b+c+2\sqrt{b+a}\right)^3}\le\frac{2}{27\left(b+c\right)\left(b+a\right)}\); \(\frac{1}{\left(c+a+2\sqrt{c+b}\right)^3}\le\frac{2}{27\left(c+a\right)\left(c+b\right)}\)
Cộng theo vế các bất đẳng thức trên ta được \(\frac{1}{\left(a+b+\sqrt{2\left(a+c\right)}\right)^3}+\frac{1}{\left(b+c+\sqrt{2\left(b+a\right)}\right)^3}+\frac{1}{\left(c+a+\sqrt{2\left(c+b\right)}\right)^3}\le\frac{4\left(a+b+c\right)}{27\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\)Phép chứng minh sẽ hoàn tất nếu ta chỉ ra được \(\frac{4\left(a+b+c\right)}{27\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\le\frac{1}{6\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\ge\frac{8}{9}\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\left(a+b+c\right)\)
Đây là một đánh giá đúng, thật vậy: đặt a + b + c = p; ab + bc + ca = q; abc = r thì bất đẳng thức trên trở thành \(pq-r\ge\frac{8}{9}pq\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{9}pq\ge r\)*đúng vì \(a+b+c\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc}\); \(ab+bc+ca\ge3\sqrt[3]{\left(abc\right)^2}\))
Vậy bất đẳng thức được chứng minh
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{4}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Áp dụng BĐT cosi:
\(a\sqrt{1-b^2}=\sqrt{a^2\left(1-b^2\right)}\le\dfrac{a^2+1-b^2}{2}\)
Tương tự cx có: \(b\sqrt{1-c^2}\le\dfrac{b^2+1-c^2}{2}\)
\(c\sqrt{1-a^2}\le\dfrac{c^2+1-a^2}{2}\)
Cộng vế với vế \(\Rightarrow VT\le\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Dấu = xảy ra <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a^2=1-b^2\\b^2=1-c^2\\c^2=1-a^2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2=3-\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2=\dfrac{3}{2}\) (đpcm)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(\frac{a}{\sqrt{1+a^2}}+\frac{b}{\sqrt{1+b^2}}+\frac{c}{\sqrt{1+c^2}}\)
\(=\frac{a}{\sqrt{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+a^2}}+\frac{b}{\sqrt{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+b^2}}+\frac{c}{\sqrt{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+c^2}}\)
\(=\frac{a}{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}+\frac{b}{\sqrt{\left(b+c\right)\left(b+a\right)}}+\frac{c}{\sqrt{\left(c+a\right)\left(c+b\right)}}\)
\(\le\frac{1}{2}.\left(\frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{a}{a+c}+\frac{b}{b+a}+\frac{b}{b+c}+\frac{c}{c+a}+\frac{c}{c+b}\right)=\frac{3}{2}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(VP=\frac{1}{2}\Sigma\sqrt{4\left(a^2b+a^2c\right)}\le\frac{1}{4}\Sigma\left(4+a^2b+a^2c\right)\)
\(=3+\frac{1}{4}\Sigma ab\left(a+b\right)\le3+\frac{1}{2}\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(a^3+b^3+c^3+3abc\right)\le a^3+b^3+c^3\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
1, Ta có \(abc=a+b+c+2\ge4\sqrt[4]{abc.2}\)
<=>\(abc\ge8\)
BĐT <=> \(ab+bc+ac\ge2\left(abc-2\right)\)
<=> \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge2-\frac{2}{abc}\)
Áp dụng \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge\frac{3}{\sqrt[3]{abc}}\)
Khi đó cần CM \(\frac{3}{\sqrt[3]{abc}}\ge2-\frac{2}{abc}\)
Đặt \(\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{abc}}=x\)=> \(0< x\le2\)
BĐT<=> \(\frac{3}{x}\ge2-\frac{2}{x^3}\)
<=>\(\frac{2}{x^3}+\frac{3}{x}-2\ge0\)
<=> \(2+3x^2-2x^3\ge0\)
<=> \(\left(2-x\right)\left(2x^2+x+1\right)\ge0\)(luôn đúng với \(0< x\le2\))
=> BĐT được CM
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi a=b=c=2
2. BĐT <=> \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{ab}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{bc}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{ac}}\le\frac{3}{2}\)
Đặt \(a=\frac{y+z}{x};b=\frac{x+z}{y}\left(x.y,z>0\right)\)
=> \(c=\frac{a+b+2}{ab-1}=\frac{\frac{y+z}{x}+\frac{x+z}{y}+2}{\frac{\left(y+z\right)\left(x+z\right)}{xy}-1}=\frac{x^2+y^2+z\left(x+y\right)+2xy}{z\left(x+y+z\right)}=\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2+z\left(x+y\right)}{z\left(x+y+z\right)}=\frac{x+y}{z}\)
Khi đó BĐT <=> \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{\frac{\left(y+z\right)\left(x+z\right)}{xy}}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{\frac{\left(x+z\right)\left(x+y\right)}{yz}}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{\frac{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)}{zx}}}\le\frac{3}{2}\)
<=> \(\sqrt{\frac{xy}{\left(y+z\right)\left(x+z\right)}}+\sqrt{\frac{yz}{\left(x+z\right)\left(x+y\right)}}+\sqrt{\frac{xz}{\left(y+z\right)\left(x+y\right)}}\le\frac{3}{2}\)
Áp dụng cosi ta có
\(\sqrt{\frac{xy}{\left(y+z\right)\left(x+z\right)}}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{x}{x+z}+\frac{y}{y+z}\right)\)
Tương tự=> \(VT\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{x}{x+z}+\frac{z}{x+z}+\frac{y}{y+z}+\frac{z}{y+z}+\frac{x}{x+y}+\frac{y}{x+y}\right)=\frac{3}{2}\)(ĐPCM)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(x=y=z\)=> \(a=b=c=2\)
\(1=a^2+b^2+c^2\ge\frac{1}{3}\left(a+b+c\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^2\le3\)
\(\Rightarrow-\sqrt{3}\le a+b+c\le\sqrt{3}\)
\(a+b+c=-\sqrt{3}\) khi \(a=b=c=-\frac{\sqrt{3}}{3}\)
\(a+b+c=\sqrt{3}\) khi \(a=b=c=\frac{\sqrt{3}}{3}\)