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a+b+c+d=0
=>a+b=-(c+d)
=> (a+b)^3=-(c+d)^3
=> a^3+b^3+3ab(a+b)=-c^3-d^3-3cd(c+d)
=> a^3+b^3+c^3+d^3=-3ab(a+b)-3cd(c+d)
=> a^3+b^3+c^3+d^3=3ab(c+d)-3cd(c+d) ( vi a+b = - (c+d))
==> a^3 +b^3+c^3+d^3==3(c+d)(ab-cd) (dpcm)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Ta có:
\(a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)+c^3-3abc=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^3-3\left(a+b\right).c\left(a+b+c\right)-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left[\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}a+b+c=0\\\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=0\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}a+b+c=0\\a=b=c\end{cases}}\)
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Nhận xét: \(b^3c-cb^3=0;b^2c-cb^2=0.\).Nên phân thức trở thành:
\(\frac{a^3b-ab^3+c^3a-ca^3}{a^2b-ab^2+c^2a-ca^2}=\frac{a^3\left(b-c\right)-a\left(b^3-c^3\right)}{a^2\left(b-c\right)-a\left(b^2-c^2\right)}\)
\(=\frac{a\left(b-c\right)\left\{a^2-\left(b^2-bc+c^2\right)\right\}}{a\left(b-c\right)\left\{a-\left(b+c\right)\right\}}\)
\(=\frac{a^2-\left(b^2-bc+c^2\right)}{a-\left(b+c\right)}=\frac{a^2-\left(b+c\right)^2+3bc}{a-\left(b+c\right)}\)
\(=a+b+c+\frac{3bc}{a-b-c}\).
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
thay a^3+b^3=(a+b)^3 -3ab(a+b) .Ta có :
a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc=0
<=>(a+b)^3 -3ab(a+b) +c^3 - 3abc=0
câu 2:<=>[(a+b)^3 +c^3] -3ab.(a+b+c)=0
<=>(a+b+c). [(a+b)^2 -c.(a+b)+c^2] -3ab(a+b+c)=0
<=>(a+b+c).(a^2+2ab+b^2-ca-cb+c^2-3ab)...
<=>(a+b+c).(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca)=0
luôn đúng do a+b+c=0
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Vì \(a+b+c=0\Rightarrow a+b=-c\)
Ta có:
\(a^3+b^3+c^3=\left(a+b\right)^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)+c^3=\left(-c\right)^3-3ab.\left(-c\right)+c^3=3abc\)
Do đó, với \(abc=3\) thì \(a^3+b^3+c^3=3.3=9\)
\(a+b+c=0\Rightarrow a+b=-c\)
\(\Rightarrow a^3+b^3+3a^2b+3ab^2=-c^3\)
\(\Rightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3=-3ab\left(a+b\right)\)
mà a+b= -c (cmt )
nên \(a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\left(đpcm\right)\)
\(a+b+c=0\Rightarrow c=-a-b\)
\(\Rightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3=a^3+b^3+\left(-a-b\right)^3=a^3+b^3-a^3-3a^2b-3ab^2-b^3\)
\(=-3a^2b-3ab^2=3ab\left(-a-b\right)=3abc\) (đpcm)